Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019079 (hemoptysis)
 6,129 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To determine the clinical presentation of patients with malignancies metastatic to the lung, the diagnostic utility of fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FB), and the primary site of malignancies metastasizing endobronchially, we retrospectively reviewed 1,853 FB records (1987 to 1991) and selected 111 cases for review. Cases were divided on the basis of FB findings into abnormal (44 patients) and normal (67 patients). Pulmonary symptoms (cough, hemoptysis, and chest pain) prompted referral significantly more often in the abnormal FB group (34/44) than in the normal FB group (24/67). The finding of atelectasis on chest radiograph occurred more frequently in patients with endobronchial abnormalities. The spectrum of extrapulmonary malignancies that metastasize endobronchially has changed during the AIDS epidemic. Our study shows the most frequent causes of endobronchial mass lesions were Kaposi's sarcoma and the lymphoma group (Hodgkin's disease, nonHodgkin's lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia) and the most common malignancies causing submucosal metastases were breast and the lymphoma group. In summary, the highest yield from FB can be expected in patients experiencing symptoms of cough or hemoptysis and/or having radiographic evidence of atelectasis. We propose a new mnemonic "KLAS" (Kaposi's sarcoma, Lymphoma, Adenocarcinoma, Sarcoma) to describe the malignancies most likely to metastasize endobronchially in the 1990s.
 ...
PMID:Fiberoptic bronchoscopy in the evaluation of carcinoma metastatic to the lung. 830 46

Lung cancer is the most common malignant cancer in males and it's incidence is rapidly rising in females. Factors linked to this are associated with cigarette smoking, urbanization along with atmospheric pollution. The lack of success in the treatment of lung cancer has to do with in many cases late diagnosis at the stage when surgical treatment is not possible and radio and chemotherapy being of minimal effectiveness. The WHO has proposed the following classification of lung cancer: 1. Squamous cell carcinoma; 2. Small cell carcinoma; 3. Adenocarcinoma; 4. Giant cell carcinoma; 5. Adeno-squamous cell carcinoma 6. Carcinoid. 7. Carcinoma of mucous gland. 8. Others. Early physical signs of lung cancer are: cough (50-80% of patients), dyspnea (10-15%), chest pain (15-20%), hemoptysis (20-50%), recurrent pneumonia and bronchitis (30-50%). More serious clinical signs associated with growth of the neoplasm are hoarseness, pleural effusion, vena cava superior syndrome, and Pancoast's syndrome. The growing neoplasm secrets many biochemical substances, which are them activity passed on the bloodstream or make their way into the blood as a result of degeneration of the tumor. These substances may then be detected in the patient's plasma and act as markers of malignant disease. The characteristics of these markers is varied, e.g.: hormones, enzymes and tissue antigens. Methods used in the diagnosis of lung-cancer which should be stressed, are apart from the obvious physical examination are chest x-rays, ultrasound, CAT scans, nuclear magnetic resonance, PET scans, and scintigraphy. Fine needle aspiration in changes in the peripheral regions, cytology of sputum, bronchial lavage, cytogenetic analysis. This underlines the need for prophylaxis, particularly the cessation of cigarette smoking.
 ...
PMID:[Current capabilities and procedures for diagnosing lung neoplasms]. 919 23

A 64-year-old man complained of irritable cough of 3 months' duration and 1 episode of hemoptysis and dyspnea related to effort. The radiograph revealed a mass in the upper right lobe. Adenocarcinoma of the lung was diagnosed by mediastinoscopy. After removal of the right lung, the patient was admitted to the recovery unit for 36 hours and transferred out without complications. The clinical course in 48 hours on the ward included increasing dyspnea, tachypnea and greater respiratory effort with hypoxemia in spite of increased FiO2. A radiograph showed pulmonary edema and the patient was readmitted to the recovery unit. We describe this case of postpneumonectomy edema and discuss the possible origins of the clinical picture, differential diagnosis, preventive measures and possible treatments.
 ...
PMID:[Post-pneumonectomy edema]. 1270 11

A retrospective study of clinical manifestations and survival of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in Sonklanagarind Hospital between 1995-98 was undertaken. There were 209 evaluable NSCLC patients enrolled in the study. NSCLC was common in elderly men who smoked. Major symptoms were cough 74.9%, weight loss 61.6% and dyspnea 54.6%. Chest pain and hemoptysis were presented in only 31.3% and 29.2% respectively. Adenocarcinoma was found in 109 patients (52.1%) , squamous cell carcinoma in 71 patients (34.0%), and large cell carcinoma in 8 patients (3.8%). Only 28 patients (13.4%) were in stage I or II. Surgery was performed in 18 cases (8.6%). Radiation for palliative treatment was used in 74 cases (35.4%). Fifty-four patients (25.8%) received chemotherapy. Forty-two patients received mitomycin, vinblastine and cisplatin regimen (MVP). The response to treatment comprised 3 cases (7.1%) with complete response, and 9 cases (21.4%) with partial response. The survival of the patients in stages I and II was lower than reported from Western countries but in stages III and IV the survival was comparable. Chemotherapy tended to improve survival in advanced stage NSCLC.
 ...
PMID:Clinical manifestation and survival of patients with non-small cell lung cancer. 1522 19