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Query: UMLS:C0019079 (hemoptysis)
 6,129 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Massive, life-threatening hemoptysis occurred in a patient with left upper lobe bronchiectasis secondary to old tuberculosis. Selective left bronchial arteriography showed extravasation of contrast medium in the bronchiectatic area. A marked decrease in hemoptysis occurred after selective left bronchial arterial embolization. Complete cessation of bleeding followed the inflation of a Swan-Ganz balloon catheter that had been placed in the left main pulmonary artery.
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PMID:Treatment of massive hemoptysis by combined occlusion of pulmonary and bronchial arteries. 35 Jan 11

Bronchial arteriography and embolization with sponge gelatin were performed in 100 tuberculous patients of massive hemoptysis. Three direct signs and other six indirect ones were found in arteriographies, Those signs were roentgenographic abnormalities for defining bleeding sites. 100 massive hemoptysis cases were treated with sponge gelatin embolization in bronchial artery. The results are satisfactory, the success rate were 92.9%, 87.4% and 79.0% at one week, one month and three months respectively. The advantages of arterial embolization and the reasons of failures were discussed in this paper.
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PMID:[Arteriography and bronchial artery embolization for massive hemoptysis in 100 cases of tuberculous]. 139 95

Radiologically guided percutaneous drainage procedures are commonly performed to manage a variety of intrathoracic collections. As a natural extension of similar procedures performed for abdominal and pelvic collections, these procedures use both the conventional and cross-sectional imaging modalities to detect intrathoracic collections and to guide safe percutaneous diagnostic aspiration and drainage. The high-resolution images obtainable on current computed tomographic and ultrasound units allow detection of lung abscesses, empyemas, malignant effusions, and infected mediastinal fluid collections that are amenable to percutaneous drainage. Advances in catheter design and introduction techniques have allowed drainage of collections previously managed by open procedures. The ease of fluoroscopically guided catheter placement for treatment of spontaneous or biopsy-induced pneumothorax has provided a safe, effective, and comfortable alternative to blind large-bore surgical tube placement. Transthoracic needle biopsy of lung, mediastinal, and pleural or chest-wall masses has resulted from the availability of image intensifiers and cross-sectional imaging modalities useful in guiding needle placement and tissue sampling. Equally important has been the development of cytopathology as a subspecialty that can provide diagnoses of malignant and benign thoracic conditions from needle aspirates. This technique has had a major impact on the preoperative evaluation of the patient with a solitary pulmonary nodule and has eliminated unnecessary surgery in a significant percentage of such patients. Transcatheter arterial embolization has made a significant contribution to the management of the patient with massive hemoptysis and is the procedure of choice for treatment of pulmonary arteriovenous malformations. A thorough knowledge of the vascular anatomy of the thorax and expertise in catheterization and embolization techniques are prerequisites for the safe performance of these procedures.
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PMID:Interventional chest radiology. 145 59

Thirty-three patients with hemoptysis caused by nonmalignant diseases underwent arterial embolization. In seven (21.2 percent) of 33 patients, hemoptysis recurred after initial embolization in a follow-up period ranging from one day to four years. Although there was no difference in age and daily quantity of bleeding among patients with and without recurrences, those with mycetoma suffered the highest recurrence of bleeding after initial embolization (three [75 percent] of four patients). In the initial arteriograms of the seven patients were found six cases of markedly increased vascularity, three of increased vascularity in the bilateral lung, and three of nonbronchial systemic arterial supply to the diseased lung. Of six patients who received reexamination at the time of recurrent bleeding, the arteriogram demonstrated recanalization of previously embolized artery in five and revascularization by collateral circulation in five. In addition, hemoptysis recurred in three (60 percent) of five patients after second embolization and in one (50 percent) of two after third embolization. Four patients underwent surgical therapy: two after the initial embolization, one after the second, and one after the third, and these patients had no recurrence. While arterial embolization as initial treatment of hemoptysis is a highly useful procedure, this is a palliative procedure and potential for recurrence of hemoptysis exists as the lesion that has initially caused hemoptysis is not cured by the embolization. We emphasize that a combination therapy of repeated embolization and surgery will probably improve the efficacy of treatment of recurrent bleeding after initial embolization.
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PMID:Recurrent bleeding after arterial embolization in patients with hemoptysis. 230 51

In June 1987, a 20-year-old man was diagnosed as T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. In August, at a nadir period of the remission induction chemotherapy, he complained of high fever and dry cough. A chest roentgenogram also showed a nodular area of increased density in the left upper lobe. Since his clinical state deteriorated progressively despite the administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics, amphotericin B was administered intravenously (with an initial dose of 5 mg/day, increased up to 25 mg/day). Concomitant with bone marrow recovery and continued antifungal therapy, he became soon afebrile and improved over the next 2 months. The infiltrates also began to resolve. Then he abruptly coughed up about 800 ml of blood and suffered from acute respiratory failure. Bronchial arteriographic studies demonstrated active extravasation of contrast medium in the region of the cavity. After therapeutic embolization with Gelfoam, the extravasation was no longer observed. Active bleeding abruptly ceased and had not recurred until the left upper lobectomy which was performed 10 days after the embolization. This case typically demonstrates the value of bronchial arterial embolization in treating massive hemoptysis.
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PMID:[Successful management of massive hemoptysis, following pulmonary mycosis by bronchial artery embolization in a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia]. 276 79

Alveolar soft part sarcoma is a rare soft tissue tumor arising in extremities. The universal tendency for late widespread metastasis to lung, bone and brain, make the treatment of this tumor a particular challenge. This time, we performed the intra-arterial infusion of MMC and bronchial arterial embolization by spongel for hemoptysis of this metastatic lung tumor. Rosenbaum has reported the characteristics of angiogram of the metastatic brain tumor. In our case, bronchial arteriography showed the manifest hypervascular pattern "rosary form," "pooling" and "B-P shunt." These findings should yield benefits for the diagnosis and treatment of this metastatic lung tumor.
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PMID:[Pulmonary manifestations of alveolar soft part sarcoma; bronchial arterial embolization for hemoptysis]. 313 80

We used light microscopy to examine, at autopsy, bronchial arteries in three patients with cystic fibrosis who died, respectively, 10, 16, and 28 months after bronchial artery embolization with barium sulfate-impregnated polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to control hemoptysis. PVA was not identified beyond the midsegmental bronchus in any patient. Persistent focal fibrovascular occlusion was noted in two patients, and recanalized and/or partially obstructed vessels were associated with PVA in all. The histologic reaction to PVA included fibrosis, mild chronic inflammation, localized foreign body reaction, and, in two patients, focal calcification of PVA spicules. Within the inflammatory milieu were numerous macrophages containing BaSO4. Extensive vascular mural destruction and fibrosis associated with PVA were also observed. Both PVA and BaSO4 were also frequently present in the perivascular connective tissue. These findings indicate that, although longterm occlusion persists after therapeutic arterial embolization with PVA, focal recanalization also occurs. The extent of vascular mural injury following PVA embolization in humans has been previously underestimated by animal experiments. Finally, perivascular deposition of PVA represents a common reaction to diverse foreign body emboli in both systemic and pulmonary arteries.
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PMID:Longterm histopathologic follow-up of bronchial arteries after therapeutic embolization with polyvinyl alcohol (Ivalon) in patients with cystic fibrosis. 337 80

Twenty-three patients with massive and recurrent hemoptysis were examined with angiography. Particular attention was directed to the internal mammary arteries. Specific causes for the bleeding were tuberculosis (n = 9), aspergilloma (n = 8), bronchiectasis (n = 1), primary systemic amyloidosis (n = 1), congenital and acquired pulmonary venous obstruction (n = 2), chronic pulmonary embolism (n = 1), and bilateral congenital pulmonary artery stenosis (n = 1). Eleven of these 23 patients were treated with systemic arterial embolization, and immediate cessation of bleeding occurred in nine. The recognition of the numerous collateral vessels and anastomoses of the internal mammary arteries is essential for successful percutaneous embolization for hemoptysis. The authors outline these various pathways and collateral vessels.
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PMID:Control of hemoptysis: systemic angiography and anastomoses of the internal mammary artery. 339 55

In seven patients with nonmalignant disease, we bronchoscopically observed various types of bronchial arterial lesions that may have caused hemorrhage. Five of the seven showed a bulging lesion, and the other two demonstrated an intrabronchial mass. We also examined these seven patients using selective bronchial arteriography. Herein we report our comparative study of the bronchoscopic findings and the bronchial arteriograms of these bronchial arterial lesions. The bulge observed in bronchoscopy corresponded either to an aneurysm or to a hypervascular area in the bronchial arteriogram. The mass lesions corresponded to a hypervascular area or a focal dilatation in the bronchial arteriogram. The intrabronchial lesions observed bronchoscopically either disappeared or were significantly diminished by bronchial arterial embolization for management of the hemorrhage. A histologic examination in two patients who underwent surgery revealed vascular lesions corresponding to the intrabronchial lesions in bronchoscopy. The results of this comparative study have important application in the bronchoscopic examination of bronchial arterial lesions in patients with hemoptysis.
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PMID:Bronchoscopic and angiographic comparison of bronchial arterial lesions in patients with hemoptysis. 382 38

The clinical management of massive hemoptysis in patients with cystic fibrosis proceeds according to the following paradigm. The site of bleeding is identified by bronchoscopy, ideally under general anesthesia. Then selective bronchial arteriography is performed. If collaterals to the spinal cord are visualized, arterial embolization is abandoned and pulmonary resection is undertaken within the limits of pulmonary function.
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PMID:Massive hemoptysis in patients with cystic fibrosis: three case reports and a protocol for clinical management. 397 67


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