Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019079 (hemoptysis)
 6,129 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The occurrence of hemoptysis, dyspnea, and bilateral pulmonary opacities progressed to respiratory failure in a 34-yr-old man. Recovery occurred with corticosteroid therapy. In the absence of evidence for an infectious etiology, the possibility of immunologic trimellitic anhydride (TMA) hemorrhagic pneumonitis was considered when the lung biopsy excluded Goodpasture's and other diseases and because the patient was a spray painter. Serologic evaluation for antibodies against TMA was requested. Because the immunologic studies for TMA were negative, and because the patient was a spray painter, immunoassays for three isocyanates conjugated to human serum albumin (HSA) were carried out although there was no specific history of isocyanate exposure at that time. High levels of IgG and IgE antibodies were detected against hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI)-HSA and toluene diisocyanate (TDI)-HSA. Further investigation documented exposure to spray paint that contained HDI and another isocyanate. The paint was sprayed on warm metal, and subsequently the worker developed an acute illness. Further plant studies were not possible. We propose that the pathogenesis of this case of hemorrhagic pneumonitis is immunologic because of uncontrolled exposure to HDI and TDI, is analogous to the immunologic hemorrhagic pneumonia caused by TMA, and should be considered as a possible cause of a similar acute lung disease after isocyanate exposure.
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PMID:Immunologic hemorrhagic pneumonia caused by isocyanates. 215 56

This is a very rare case report of Goodpasture's syndrome with IgA antibasement membrane antibody. A 43-year old male was admitted because of severe dyspnea with slight hemoptysis. Chest X-ray demonstrated extensive bilateral infiltrates with air bronchogram, predominantly in the right lung. Laboratory data on admission showed severe anemia and moderate renal impairment. The pulmonary infiltrates resolved spontaneously within 10 days. Goodpasture's syndrome or collagen vascular disease was suspected and he underwent a percutaneous renal and transbronchial lung biopsy. The renal biopsy showed crescent formation affecting 70-80% of glomeruli. Linear IgA deposits, but not IgG, were demonstrated along the glomerular basement membrane by the direct immunofluorescence procedure. The lung biopsy contained many hemosiderin-laden macrophages in the lumen of the alveoli and showed mild thickening of alveolar walls. However, linear immunoglobulin deposits on the alveolar capillary basement membrane were not demonstrated by direct immunofluorescence. The diagnosis of Goodpasture's syndrome with IgA antibasement membrane antibody was made. His serum was negative for antibasement antibody by indirect immunofluorescence. He was treated with prednisone, 30 mg daily. His pulmonary symptoms and anemia improved markedly, but his renal function did not change. Thirteen months after his first admission, he suffered from severe bacterial pneumonia, which was complicated by disseminated intravascular coagulation. He died of respiratory failure. Autopsy was rejected.
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PMID:[A case of Goodpasture's syndrome with IgA antibasement membrane antibody]. 221 6

In this report, we review the hospital course of four patients who presented with an acute pulmonary syndrome after inhaling freebase cocaine and compare them with previously described case reports. Two patients had prolonged inflammatory pulmonary injury associated with fever, hypoxemia, hemoptysis, respiratory failure, and diffuse alveolar infiltrates. Lung tissue specimens from both patients revealed diffuse alveolar damage, alveolar hemorrhage, and interstitial and intraalveolar inflammatory cell infiltration notable for the prominence of eosinophils. Immunofluorescent staining performed on one of the biopsy specimens showed a striking deposition of IgE in both lymphocytes and alveolar macrophages. Both patients were treated with systemic corticosteroids and rapidly improved. In contrast, two patients presented acutely with diffuse pulmonary alveolar infiltrates associated with dyspnea and hypoxemia, but without fever, and within 36 h of discontinuing cocaine their pulmonary infiltrates and symptoms had spontaneously resolved. Our report further supports the finding that an acute pulmonary syndrome can occur after inhalation of freebase cocaine. Furthermore, the lung injury may respond to systemic corticosteroid therapy when it is associated with a prominent inflammatory cell infiltration.
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PMID:Crack lung: an acute pulmonary syndrome with a spectrum of clinical and histopathologic findings. 238 9

Serum amylase level was examined in 129 cases (225 episodes) of chronic respiratory failure at acute exacerbation, and in 59 cases (62 episodes) of pneumonia without respiratory failure as a control. Cases accompanying diseases, such as acute pancreatitis, parotiditis, ileus, and renal dysfunction, which were expected to develop hyperamylasemia were excluded. The 225 episodes were divided according to the cause of acute exacerbation into 4 groups: pneumonia, bronchitis, right heart failure without infection, and others (e.g. hemoptysis). Hyperamylasemia (greater than 400 S-U) was observed in groups of pneumonia (15/40 = 35.5%) and of bronchitis (12/95 = 12.6%) respectively, but not in those of right heart failure without infection (0/73 = 0%) and others (0/17 = 0%). As a result, hyperamylasemia was found only under conditions of inflammation of lung parenchyma and bronchi with acute exacerbation of respiratory failure. On the other hand no hyperamylasemia was observed in 62 episodes of only pneumonia without respiratory failure. It was concluded that both respiratory tract infection and acute respiratory failure are necessary factors for development of hyperamylasemia originating from lung or bronchi.
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PMID:[Hyperamylasemia in acute exacerbation in patients with chronic respiratory failure]. 247 78

Thirty-six malignant and four benign endotracheal and endobronchial lesions were treated using Nd:YAG laser through flexible bronchoscope from November 1985 to July 1987 at the University Hospital in Louisville, Kentucky. Progressive dyspnea and hemoptysis were primary indications for the procedures. The majority of patients were treated under general anesthesia using intravenous agents. Most patients required two treatment sessions for complete endobronchial tumor ablation. The mean hospital stay was 48 hours. Two patients died postoperatively; one died of myocardial infarction and another of progressive respiratory failure. The mean survival was 13 weeks. Sixty-three percent of patients treated were improved as measured by Karnofsky Performance Status. Mean change in Performance Status between pre- and post-laser treatment was 100% (from 30 to 60). We conclude that therapeutic laser bronchoscopy is a useful adjunctive treatment in selected patients with obstructing or bleeding lung tumors.
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PMID:Endobronchial Nd:YAG laser surgery. 272 32

Between 1953 and 1984, 53 patients (40 male and 13 female) underwent thoracotomy for treatment of pulmonary aspergilloma. The median age was 58 years (range 4 to 86 years). Either underlying lung disease or immunologic risk factors were present in 49 patients (92%). Twenty-one patients (31%) had simple aspergilloma and 32 (47%) had complex aspergilloma. The most common indication for operation was an indeterminate mass, hemoptysis, or severe cough. Lobectomy, wedge excision, and pneumonectomy were the most frequent operations. Complications occurred in 78% of patients with complex aspergilloma and in 33% of patients with simple aspergilloma (p = 0.002). Operative mortality was 5% (one death) in patients with simple aspergilloma and 34% (11 deaths) in patients with complex aspergilloma (p = 0.01). Cause of death was respiratory failure in four patients, underlying pulmonary disease in three, aspergillosis in two, and other conditions in three. At follow-up, 84% of operative survivors with simple aspergilloma were alive and well compared with 43% of those with complex aspergilloma. Although operative mortality in patients with complex aspergilloma was high, 67% of the survivors had a good long-term result in terms of absence of symptoms, but they frequently died of underlying disease. In contrast, operation in patients with simple aspergilloma was done with low risk, and approximately 90% of survivors had a good late result. Late appearance of contralateral disease did occur and argues for rigorous postoperative surveillance.
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PMID:Pulmonary aspergilloma. Results of surgical treatment. 309 24

Infection, hemorrhage and adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are pulmonary complications occurring after remission induction therapy for acute leukemia. The aim of this study was to analyze the incidence of these causes by serial roentgenogram, clinical, microbiological and laboratory tests in 21 patients (pts) with relapsed acute leukemia (18 X myeloid, 3 X lymphoblastic), an AML-pt (acute myeloid leukemia) suffering from secondary leukemia, and three pts with primary refractory leukemia following treatment with intermediate (IM) and high-dose cytosine arabinoside (HD-Ara C), in combination with amsacrine (AMSA)(n = 19), etoposide (VP 16) (n = 5) or Mitoxantrone (n = 1). Eleven out of 25 pts developed pulmonary complications, one of them with massive hemoptysis and roentgenographic signs of pulmonary bleeding, one suffering from protracted shock after a tumor lysis syndrome, two pts showing symptoms of a cardiogenic pulmonary edema complicating severe Candida pneumonia in one case and legionnaires' disease in the other. Seven of the eleven pts had a non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema with respiratory failure 1-14 days after cessation of induction or consolidation therapy. In six of the seven, there were no signs of cardiogenic, infectious or metabolic reasons, including fluid overload, for the pulmonary edema, one had as a contributing factor a Candida infection of the lung. Three of the seven patients recovered, four died (two following IM and two after HD-Ara C). Other adverse side effects, clearly attributable to HD-Ara C, included delirious state (n = 3), generalized erythema (n = 3), acute pancreatitis (n = 2), acute abdomen (n = 1) and conjunctivitis in almost all patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema complicating intermediate and high-dose Ara C treatment for relapsed acute leukemia. 336 72

Twenty-six patients, mean age 20.5 years (range 11-33 years) at last assessment or death, attended an adult cystic fibrosis clinic between 1975 and 1983. Twenty-one presented in infancy, and 5 later (3-17 years). Most morbidity was due to recurrent respiratory infection and 5 of the 7 deaths were from respiratory failure. Cor pulmonale occurred in 4 patients, pneumothorax in 3 and severe haemoptysis necessitating lobectomy in 2. Declining spirometric values and persistent isolation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from sputum samples were associated with a poor prognosis. Minor gastrointestinal symptoms were common (19 patients). Four patients developed intestinal obstruction. Six patients had abnormal liver function tests and one patient died from hepatic cirrhosis. Diabetes was diagnosed in 3 patients and 9 patients experienced joint pains. The prognosis and quality of life for patients with cystic fibrosis appear to be improving, and all but 2 of the patients attending the clinic are at school, university or are employed.
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PMID:Cystic fibrosis--a review of 26 adolescent and adult patients. 393 89

We studied 33 consecutive patients with tuberculous pulmonary cavities complicated by fungus balls to evaluate their treatment. Nineteen had surgical resection for massive or recurrent bleeding or possibility of tumor. One patient died of postpneumonectomy empyema (30-day surgical mortality, 5 percent). Fourteen had no surgery. No patient died of hemoptysis. Respiratory failure contributed most often to death. Hepatic complications and other problems of alcoholism were also prominent. Good results can be obtained by resection in these severely ill patients if care is taken to preserve functioning pulmonary tissue and to avoid complications of alcoholic hepatic disease. Within these constraints, tuberculous cavities complicated by mycetomas should be resected for massive or recurrent hemoptysis.
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PMID:Ten-year experience with mycetomas in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. 397 61

A five-year review (1979 to 1983) of 41 patients with active tuberculosis at the time of death was performed to determine the cause of death. Twenty deaths (49 percent) were directly attributed to tuberculosis. Overwhelming tuberculous disease was the cause of death for seven patients, and among them the majority had strikingly low serum levels of albumin. Ten patients died of either massive hemoptysis or respiratory failure. Only two patients died due to progressive drug-resistant disease in an area where drug resistance is common. The majority of patients (21/41; 51 percent) died of common medical problems unrelated to tuberculosis. Eleven patients died from cardiopulmonary disease (five pulmonary emboli, one respiratory failure due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, two acute myocardial infarctions, and two primary dysrhythmias). Three deaths were the result of gastrointestinal bleeding, and three patients died as a result of bacterial superinfection. Our data indicate that patients still die of tuberculosis in the era of effective antituberculosis therapy. It is imperative that clinicians are aware that pulmonary emboli, arteriosclerotic heart disease, bacterial superinfection, and gastrointestinal bleeding cause approximately 50 percent of the deaths among patients who have tuberculosis and that prompt recognition and treatment of those diseases might decrease the mortality from tuberculosis.
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PMID:Tuberculosis. Cause of death in antibiotic era. 405 15


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