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Query: UMLS:C0019079 (hemoptysis)
 6,129 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Pulmonary function and cardiopulmonary complications were studied in a group of 40 patients with cystic fibrosis who reached the age of 25 years. Mean values for vital capacity (VC), functional residual capacity, residual volume (RV), the ratio of RV over total lung capacity (RV/TLC), conductance, and the ratio of the forced expiratory volume in one second over VC were abnormal. There was a variable pattern of progression from patient to patient. The men differed from the women only in that they had a significantly larger TLC and inspiratory capacity than the women. The resultant preservation of VC may have an advantage for survival in those patients in whom it is observed. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was encountered with increasing frequency with age. Massive hemoptysis did not result in early death. The occurrence of rightsided heart failure secondary to cor pulmonale, with or without respiratory failure, was a poor prognostic sign.
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PMID:Pulmonary function and morbidity in 40 adult patients with cystic fibrosis. 10 32

Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis gives rise to anemia, due to repeated intra-alveolar hemorrhage, the reabsorption of which leads to hemosiderin deposits in the lung parenchyma. The authors report a case in a young woman aged 24 years whose illness started with anemia, then two months later, with hemoptysis and a broncho-pulmonary syndrome with a low grade fever. On the 6th month, there occurred a hazy infiltrate of both lung bases which was fleeting, mobile and recurrent. In the light of this triad of anemia, hemoptysis and infiltrates, the diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis was made and confirmed by three examinations:--Lung biopsy: siderophages were found in the sub-mucosa,--Radio-isotope examination, using Fe 59 which revealed iron deposits in the lung,--A surgical lung biopsy which showed a congestive area and a fibrous area. The congestive area was the site of recent hemorrhage, the alveolar limits were filled with siderophages. The fibrous area was the site of chronic repair of older hemorrhage. It was mutilating. The course was complicated by massive bleeding which led to acute recovering respiratory failure. The patient is at present stabilised by corticosteroids. Three hundred cases of idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis have been reported in the world literature. Although the main characteristic is intra-alveolar hemorrhage, its course has not yet been determined. It seems however, to be due to an immunologic process as shown by the relationship between this curious disease and Goodpasture's syndrome.
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PMID:[Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis. Apropos of 1 case]. 18 18

Twenty-four patients with bronchial adenoma seen over a 20-year period are reviewed. Follow-up data was available in all patients. They included 19 with carcinoid, 2 with adenoid-cystic carcinoma, and 3 with muco-epidermoid carcinoma. Recurrent pulmonary infection, cough and hemoptysis were the most common clinical manifestations. Surgical resection was performed in all but one patient, who was treated by irradiation; bronchoplastic and conservative resectional procedures were used in 5 patients with carcinoid adenoma. Carcinoid tumors are considered to be very slowly-growing malignant neoplasms that sometimes give rise to metastases to regional lymph nodes. Such metastases were present in only one patient. All patients are alive and well. Adenoid-cystic carcinoma is a more aggressive tumor with a tendency to recur. Much of the difficulty in its treatment is due to its close proximity to the bifurcation of the trachea. One patient was operated upon three times for local recurrences and ultimately died from respiratory failure after the third operation. The other patient received radiation therapy with cobalt and is well, without recurrence, 3 years after the treatment. The 3 muco-epidermoid carcinomas were histologically similar to such tumors of salivary glands but behaved clinically like highly malignant tumors, no patients surviving 8 months after resection. The term bronchial adenoma is a misnomer. The neoplasms grouped under this heading should be called carcinoid adenoma, adenoid-cystic carcinoma, and muco-epidermoid carcinoma and considered as separate entities, since the ultimate course and prognosis is definitely different.
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PMID:[Bronchial adenoma]. 19 6

A male forestry worker presented with chest pain followed by severe continuing haemoptysis and an extensive bilateral nodular pulmonary infiltrate. A needle biopsy of lung demonstrated micronodular deposits of malignant tissue. The patient died from respiratory failure. Necropsy showed a disseminated haemangiosarcoma arising in the right atrium. Haemoglobin and serum iron levels were normal. Electron microscopy of the lung biopsy showed a close relationship between tumour cells and basement membrane and suggested that haemorrhage occurred directly from the tumour nodules. The ultrastructure of alveoli adjacent to tumour deposits was normal. This case provides further indirect evidence that the clinical and histological features of idiopathic pulmonary haemosiderosis cannot be explained by the mere occurrence of alveolar haemorrhage.
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PMID:Pulmonary haemorrhage in disseminated cardiac haemangiosarcoma. 55 87

A 61-year-old male was admitted because of hemoptysis. He had a 9 year history of liver cirrhosis associated with HB viral chronic hepatitis. Physical examination revealed no abnormalities. Laboratory investigations revealed positive HBs antigen with normal alpha-fetoprotein. Chest X-ray film showed large mediastinal lymph nodes and an endobronchial polypoid mass in the distal end of the right main bronchus. The right main PA was narrowed due to compression by the mediastinal mass. Bronchoscopic examination revealed a polypoid mass in the right main bronchus. The biopsy specimen was histologically diagnosed as undifferentiated large cell carcinoma. The patient developed respiratory failure, and died 3 weeks after admission. Autopsy revealed a small liver cancer of 1.3 cm diameter within the cirrhotic liver, associated with a small abdominal lymph node metastasis and large mediastinal lymph node swellings. Thromboembolism in the bilateral main pulmonary arteries was concluded to be the cause of death. The mediastinal mass which directly invaded into the right main bronchus had a close histological similarity with the liver cancer, showing undifferentiated carcinoma cells with bizarre nuclei and abundant cytoplasm. An immunohistological study revealed cells positive for alpha-fetoprotein in the mediastinal lymph nodes. The patient was diagnosed as having small liver cancer with mediastinal lymph node metastases. A survey of the literature revealed only a few cases of advanced hepatoma associated with prominent mediastinal metastases. This is the first reported case of small liver cancer presenting with large mediastinal lymph node metastases.
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PMID:[A case of small liver cancer presenting as a huge mediastinal mass]. 132 37

Serum amylase level was determined in 129 cases (225 episodes) of chronic respiratory failure at acute exacerbation and in 59 cases (62 episodes) of pneumonia without respiratory failure as control. Cases with accompanying diseases, such as acute pancreatitis, parotiditis, ileus and renal dysfunction, which were expected to develop hyperamylasemia were excluded. The 225 episodes were divided according to the causes of acute exacerbation into 4 groups: pneumonia, bronchitis, right heart failure without infection, and others (e. g. hemoptysis). Hyperamylasemia (greater than 400 S-U) was observed in groups of pneumonia (15/40 = 35.5%) and bronchitis (12/95 = 12.6%), respectively but not in those of right heart failure without infection (0/73 = 0%) and other causes (0/17 = 0%). As a result, hyperamylasemia was found only under conditions of inflammation of lung parenchyma and bronchi with acute exacerbation of respiratory failure. On the other hand no hyperamylasemia was observed in 62 episodes of pneumonia alone without respiratory failure. It was concluded that both respiratory tract infection and acute respiratory failure are necessary factors for development of hyperamylasemia originating from lung or bronchi.
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PMID:[Hyperamylasemia in acute exacerbation of patients with chronic respiratory failure]. 138 26

A 27-year-old woman with severe vitamin K deficiency presented with hemoptysis and diffuse pulmonary infiltrates. She rapidly developed respiratory failure requiring ventilatory support. Surreptitious ingestion of brodifacoum, a long-acting warfarin derivative, was ultimately found to be the cause of her coagulopathy and DAH.
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PMID:Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage secondary to superwarfarin ingestion. 139 96

Hypersensitivity vasculitis associated with propylthiouracil therapy is a well-documented clinical entity. Although any organ system may be involved, it is most unusual for pulmonary manifestations to be the cardinal presenting features. We report a 72-year-old woman presenting with respiratory failure and hemoptysis following initiation of propylthiouracil therapy for Graves' disease. She had cutaneous stigmata of hypersensitivity vasculitis and diffuse pulmonary infiltrates. The infiltrates improved dramatically after discontinuation of the propylthiouracil therapy and initiation of intravenous corticosteroid therapy.
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PMID:Propylthiouracil-induced hypersensitivity vasculitis presenting as respiratory failure. 142 98

17 cases with bronchial carcinoid were reported. 16 cases of them were proved pathologically after pulmonary resection, and the remaining one was confirmed histopathologically through bronchoscopic biopsy. 64.7% was under 40 years of age. The main clinical manifestations were cough, hemoptysis, fever and repeated pneumonitis. In one patient, the carcinoid was associated with Cushing's syndrome. Chest roentgenograms showed lesions centrally located in 12 cases, and peripherally located in 5 cases. Histological examination revealed 15 typical and 2 atypical carcinoid tumors. This disease was usually misdiagnosed as lung cancer, tuberculoma and benign tumors. Chest X-ray examination and fiberoptic bronchoscopic biopsy are helpful to the diagnosis of the disease. Pulmonary resection was performed in 16 cases. Two patients had hilar lymph node metastases, one of them had also involvement of pericardium. There was no operative mortality. In the follow-up study, the disease-free actuarial survival following pulmonary resection was 92.9% at 5 years. 2 patients died. One died of respiratory failure 4 months after pneumonectomy, the other died of pericardium involvement of carcinoid 8 months after operation. Resection is the only effective treatment for bronchial carcinoid.
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PMID:[Bronchial carcinoid. A clinical, roentgenological and pathological study of 17 cases]. 147 26

A 38-year-old man was hospitalized for proteinuria, and pitting edema. He had noticed Raynaud's phenomenon at about age fifteen. One month prior to admission, his urine contained protein and the serum creatinine was 3.0 mg/dl. On admission, sclerodactylia, digital pitting scar of fingertips, digital bone absorption and pulmonary fibrosis were observed and a diagnosis of progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS) was made. Laboratory investigations revealed: 24-hour urine protein excretion 3 g; serum creatinine 5.6 mg/dl; creatinine clearance 13.5 ml/min; antinuclear factor strongly positive in a speckled pattern; antibodies to nRNP positive with a titer of 1: 20, 480; antibodies to DNA, Sm, SS-A, SS-B, Scl-70, centromere and Jo-1 negative; serum complement normal. A renal biopsy revealed focal and segmental necrotizing glomerulonephritis with 70% crescents but no vascular changes. Circulating antiglomerular basement membrane antibodies were negative. Immunofluorescence disclosed granular deposits of IgM and C3 in the mesangium and along the capillary walls. Treatment was begun with methylprednisolone pulse therapy. After 5 month, serum creatine and creatinine clearance were 1.9 mg/dl and 35 ml/min, respectively. A year after the discharge, he was readmitted for hemoptysis and worsening of proteinuria and microhematuria. A chest radiograph demonstrated bilateral alveolar consolidation. Serum creatinine was elevated to 3.5 mg/dl. The continuous hemoptysis resulted in a severe dyspnea associated with a rapid fall in the hemoglobin. On the fourth hospital day, the PaO2 was 41 Torr on oxygen by mask that necessitated mechanical ventilation and pulse therapy was started. However, the patient died on the ninth hospital day of respiratory failure due to pulmonary hemorrhage.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[A case of progressive systemic sclerosis complicated by crescentic glomerulonephritis and diffuse pulmonary hemorrhage]. 147 23


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