Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019079 (hemoptysis)
 6,129 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a series of 2150 patients subjected to bronchoscopy 94 (4.5%) were found to have tracheobronchomalacia. Tracheomalacia alone was diagnosed in 21 patients (22%), tracheobronchomalacia in 59 (63%) and bronchomalacia alone in 14 (15%). Mild malacic changes were noted in 44 patients (47%), moderate in 38 (40.5%) and severe in 12 (12.5%). The main symptoms were dyspnoea (63%), chronic cough with expectoration (49%) and haemoptysis (33%), and the most frequent concurrent diseases chronic bronchitis (53%), bronchial cancer (27.5%) and pulmonary tuberculosis (19%). Bronchoscopy performed under local anaesthesia enabled the dynamics of the tracea and bronchi to be observed during spontaneous breathing and during coughing, and it is the best available diagnostic procedure. Histologically the number of longitudinal elastic fibres in the pars membranacea was clearly reduced throughout the whole tracheal area in one patient with tracheomalacia but no differences were found in the amount of collagen, mucopolysaccharides and elastin in the cartilages of trachea and bronchi. This disease seems to be associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases such as chronic bronchitis, and it apparently shares the same aetiological factors.
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PMID:Acquired tracheobronchomalacia. 88 58

Although rarely considered in series of lower airway foreign bodies, endobronchial sutures can cause chronic cough or hemoptysis years after thoracic surgery. Eight endobronchial sutures were found in six patients who had undergone surgery four to 30 years prior to admission. Symptoms began two to 25 years after surgery and lasted from two to six years prior to diagnosis. Cough had been attributed to chronic bronchitis or bronchiectasis in five patients and to tracheal narrowing secondary to surgical repair of tracheomalacia in the sixth. Bronchoscopy was diagnostic in all cases. Suture removal was performed with either forceps or endoscopic suture scissors to cut the suture followed by extraction with forceps. Symptoms resolved within three days and granulation tissue by two to four weeks after suture removal. This series suggests that endobronchial suture should be considered in patients with a history (even remote) of previous thoracic surgery who present with chronic, persistent cough unresponsive to specific therapy for any underlying pulmonary disease.
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PMID:Endobronchial suture. A foreign body causing chronic cough. 142 24

A 19-year-old man with Lesch-Nyhan syndrome (LNS), had dyspnea and an inspiratory wheeze, and underwent assisted mechanical ventilation and tracheostomy. Bronchoscopy revealed tracheomalacia of the cresent moon type. He lost his weight, and his general condition gradually worsened. Four months post-tracheostomy, he died of massive hemoptysis from a tracheobrachicephalic artery fistula. Many patients with LNS have renal failure and pneumonitis, whereas occasional cases are complicated by convulsions, recurrent coma, abnormalities of respiration, and sudden death. The etiology of sudden death is not clear. Although tracheomalacia, to our knowledge, has not been described in the literature, it may be a clinical feature of LNS associated with abnormal respiration and sudden death. Tracheobrachiocephalic artery fistula is common in patients with neuromuscular disorders and a chronic tracheostomy tube. Caution is required in LNS patients with opisthotonic extensor spasms of the neck and trunk, chronic bronchitis, and malnutrition.
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PMID:[A patient with Lesch-Nyhan syndrome complicated by tracheobronchomalacia and fatal bleeding from tracheobrachiocephalic artery fistula]. 1367 52

Tracheomalacia remains a special entity present also in children and adults. Tracheomalacia refers to a weakness of the trachea. Bronchoscopy is the "golden standard" for diagnosis. Differential diagnosis includes foreign body aspiration, difficult controlled asthma and other diseases. This disease may be congenital or it may be acquired. Acquired tracheomalacia can be treated. The main symptoms in tracheomalacia are: dyspnea, sputum production, hemoptysis and cough in adults and expiratory stridor and cough in children. Tracheomalacia could be progressive in some patients. We want to bring to your attention the tools for diagnosis and different methods of treatment. Tracheomalacia is not a rare disease and therefore we need to consider it.
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PMID:Tracheomalacia in children and adults--not so rare as expected. 2534 Dec 72

Tracheomalacia (TM) refers to loss of tracheal rigidity and resulting susceptibility to collapse. It is usually an incidental finding during investigations of other illness. The main symptoms are dyspnoea, cough, sputum production and hemoptysis. Most cases are considered as respiratory infection and are treated symptomatically. Acquired TM results from damage to trachea due to various conditions such as inflammation, chronic pressure, or medical/surgical procedures. The diagnosis is done by end-expiratory dynamic tracheal imaging, which demonstrates typical crescentric narrowing of trachea and reduced antero-posterior diameter <50% of normal. Management include conservative measures like cough suppressants or surgical measures like tracheoplasty, stenting or surgical repair. We are reporting a case of chronic cough, which was subsequently diagnosed as TM.
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PMID:An undiagnosed cause of chronic cough. 2698 25