Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019079 (hemoptysis)
 6,129 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

HIV-associated tuberculosis (TB) poses an immediate and serious threat to public health, especially in the developing world. Moreover, atypical clinical presentation and unfavorable outcome have been observed in HIV-infected patients with TB. The authors report their findings from an investigation of the impact of HIV infection upon the clinical presentation, response to treatment, and outcome of pulmonary TB. The symptoms, radiographic pattern, sputum direct smear, drug susceptibility, treatment outcome, and adverse reactions of 88 HIV-infected patients seen during January-October 1993 at the Central Chest Hospital, Nonthaburi, Thailand, with newly-diagnosed, culture-proven, untreated pulmonary TB were compared with those of age- and gender-matched HIV-seronegative patients. There were 82 men and six women in each group of mean age 35.6 years, with the majority being aged 16-40. Heterosexual contact was the most common risk factor for HIV infection, with homosexuality implicated in only 1% of all cases of infection. No difference was observed between the two groups in the frequency of pyrexia, dyspnoea, cough, or hemoptysis, although cavitary lesions and upper zone infiltrates were observed significantly less often in the HIV-infected group. Direct smear positivity was comparable in the two groups. Resistance rates to anti-TB drugs were not different except for Streptomycin which was higher among the HIV-infected patients. Cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions and drug-induced hepatitis occurred more often in the HIV-seropositive group, but the difference was not statistically significant. Default was much higher among the HIV-infected, although the culture conversion rate was satisfactory among those who completed treatment. Twelve HIV-infected patients died during the course of treatment, four due to TB. The authors that their findings lead physicians to suspect TB among HIV-seropositive patients and provide them with the appropriate and timely short-course chemotherapy.
 ...
PMID:Clinical aspects and treatment outcome in HIV-associated pulmonary tuberculosis: an experience from a Thai referral centre. 774 73

Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is a debilitating lung disease which occurs as a result of interplay between a variety of host and environmental factors. It occurs in certain susceptible individuals who develop hypersensensitivity to the colonised Aspergillus species. ABPA is a complicating factor in 2% of patients with asthma and is also seen in patients with cystic fibrosis. Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are known to share key elements of pathogenesis. It is well known that ABPA can occur in patients with asthma, but it has recently been reported in patients with COPD as well. We report a 55-year-old male ex-smoker who presented with complaints of exertional breathlessness and productive cough for five years and an episode of haemoptysis four days prior to presentation. Spirometery showed airflow obstruction which was not reversible with bronchodilators. Chest CT scan revealed paraseptal emphysema along with central bronchiectasis (CB) in the right upper lobe and bilateral lower lobes. A type I skin hypersensitivity reaction to Aspergillus species was elicited. He fulfilled the serological criteria for ABPA and was diagnosed as having concomitant COPD and ABPA-CB. The patient was initiated on therapy for COPD along with oral corticosteroids, on which he had remarkable symptomatic improvement.
 ...
PMID:Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. 2222 46