Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019079 (hemoptysis)
 6,129 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Metastatic lesions of breast cancer represent rare indications for operation in thoracic surgery. Only in case of persistent malignant pleural effusions or in case of tumour progress despite all other available therapy modalities thoracic surgery can be indicated. Over a period of 5 years between 1993 and 1997 53 patients with metastatic breast cancer were treated in our institution. 36 pts. suffered from persistent pleural effusions, 13 pts. had pulmonary metastases and 4 pts. had metastases involving the chest wall. In all these patients the disease could not be controlled by conservative measures. Our experiences are the following: Thoracoscopy is the diagnostic method of choice for pleural effusions in patients with malignant tumors. If a malignant pleural effusion is confirmed, a talc poudrage represents the most reliable treatment to palliate the dyspnea. The resection of a single solitary pulmonary metastasis can be indicated to confirm the histologic type of the nodule. Resections for centrally localized lesions causing hemoptysis or atelectasis represent rare occasions. Metastatic lesions of breast cancer involving the ribs or the sternum are resected in order to confirm the histologic diagnosis. According to the literature these procedures, with a 5-year survival rate of 50% and without perioperative mortality, can be beneficial.
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PMID:[Thoracic surgery relevant indications for adjuvant and/or palliative measures in breast carcinoma]. 1006 94

A 42-year-old woman, who had received right breast-conserving therapy 5 years previously, was admitted with hemoptysis. Chest X-rays showed a tumor shadow in the left pulmonary hilus with partial atelectasis in the left lower lobe. Bronchofiberscopic examination showed a polypoid tumor arising from the endobronchial wall, with bleeding and a white surface coat. Although, microscopically, the tumor resembled the breast cancer resected previously, as we could not rule out primary lung carcinoma, and as the tumor seemed to be localized, thoracotomy was performed. During posterolateral thoracotomy, however, pleural metastatic nodules were found; therefore, only sampling of these nodules and the administration of 50 mg of cisplatin (CDDP) into the thoracic cavity were performed. From a comparison of the histopathological features of the original tumor and the intrathoracic tumor, and from the hormone receptor positivity of the pleural metastasis, we diagnosed the intrathoracic tumor as being highly suspicious of metastasis from breast cancer. The measurement of hormone receptor was informative for the diagnosis of and for selecting a therapeutic strategy for the metastatic breast cancer.
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PMID:Endobronchial metastasis of breast cancer 5 years after breast-conserving therapy. 1170 49

Bevacizumab (Avastin) has unprecedented survival benefit in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Trials are already in progress to investigate the potential of bevacizumab in indications including metastatic renal cell cancer (RCC), non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), pancreatic cancer, breast and ovarian cancer. Bevacizumab offers the potential to increase survival without substantially altering the toxicity profile in these tumor types. Bevacizumab has shown activity in patients with refractory metastatic RCC, where progression-free survival (PFS) was significantly longer in patients treated with bevacizumab (10 mg/kg every 2 weeks) than those treated with placebo (hazard ratio=2.55, p<0.001). In addition, combining bevacizumab with erlotinib (Tarceva) has shown a median time to progression of more than 11 months. In NSCLC, a phase II trial revealed that adding bevacizumab to chemotherapy increased therapeutic benefit compared with chemotherapy alone. Adverse events were mild and easily managed, but six patients receiving bevacizumab developed severe hemoptysis. Entry criteria for NSCLC trials have been adjusted to exclude patients with squamous cell histology to try to avoid this issue. Adding bevacizumab (10 mg/kg) to the current standard of care, gemcitabine, in stage IV pancreatic cancer has also shown promising efficacy. Partial responses were seen in 19% of patients, with a further 48% having stable disease. Several ongoing clinical trials are also studying bevacizumab with various chemotherapy and radiotherapy regimens. Bevacizumab combined with carboplatin (Paraplatin)/paclitaxel (Taxol) was further examined in a phase III randomized trial that accrued 878 patients with advanced non-squamous cell NSCLC. Patients given chemotherapy (paclitaxel and carboplatin) plus bevacizumab had a higher response rate, longer PFS and an increase in survival compared with patients on chemotherapy alone. Both regimens were generally well tolerated. Bevacizumab has also shown activity in patients with metastatic breast cancer. In 715 patients, a significant, 2-fold increase in response rate was observed in patients receiving bevacizumab plus paclitaxel compared with paclitaxel alone. Median PFS was also significantly increased (p<0.001). Bevacizumab has the potential to provide significant efficacy benefits for patients with metastatic RCC, NSCLC, pancreatic cancer, and other tumor types when used first line in combination with standard therapy.
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PMID:Investigating the potential of bevacizumab in other indications: metastatic renal cell, non-small cell lung, pancreatic and breast cancer. 1630 35

Drug-induced epithelial hemorrhage of the endolarynx is an unusual etiology of hemoptysis. We present a case of hemoptysis in a young female patient undergoing treatment for metastatic breast cancer with trastuzumab emtansine. Though previously associated with diffuse spontaneous hemorrhage of the gingiva, there have not been reports of laryngeal hemorrhage with trastuzumab emtansine treatment. In this case report, we suggest that trastuzumab emtansine played a contributory role in the development of diffuse epithelial laryngeal hemorrhage and describe the pathophysiology, history, laryngoscopic findings, and management of this condition.
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PMID:Diffuse Spontaneous Laryngeal Hemorrhage with Trastuzumab. 3290 57