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Query: UMLS:C0019079 (hemoptysis)
 6,129 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Pulmonary actinomycosis is a rare bacterial lung infection which is caused mainly by Actinomyces israelii. This non contagious infection can destroy parts of the lungs. There are variable presentations of pulmonary actinomycosis with similarity in manifestations to other infectious diseases of the lungs. Pulmonary actinomycosis is diagnosed by fine needle aspiration, bronchoscopy and finding of typical sulfur granules. We present a case of pulmonary actinomycosis in a middle aged (AIDS/HCV) man with massive hemoptysis and progressive dyspnoea. The bronchoscopy findings showed endobronchial mass with luminal occlusion in right upper lobe. Because of massive hemoptysis and poor response to conservative treatment and penicillin therapy, right upper lobectomy was needed to stop the bleeding. Histopathologic examination revealed the aggregations of filamentous Gram-positive organisms with characteristic pattern "sulfur granules", indicating actinomycosis. The patient was followed by six months of oral amoxicillin and has no recurrent hemoptysis.
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PMID:Pulmonary Actinomycosis in a Patient with AIDS/HCV. 2876 30

Pulmonary actinomycosis is a rare yet important and challenging diagnosis to make. It is commonly confused with other lung diseases, such as tuberculosis and bronchogenic carcinoma, leading to delay diagnosis or misdiagnosis. A 49-year-old man presented with a chronic cough, hemoptysis, and pleuritic chest pain. His initial imaging studies including computed tomography (CT) was suggestive of bronchogenic carcinoma. A subsequent CTguided biopsy was consistent with pulmonary actinomycosis and excluded the possibility of bronchogenic carcinoma. He was treated with antibiotic therapy and achieved remission with complete radiological resolution upon follow-up.
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PMID:Pulmonary actinomycosis masquerading as lung cancer: A case report. 2888 38

Pulmonary actinomycosis is an important differential diagnosis in patients with long-standing pulmonary infiltrates related to poor oral hygiene or compromised immune function. Up to a quarter of cases of thoracic actinomycosis are misdiagnosed as lung malignancy. Here, we report a 56-year-old man with a hypodense lesion in the left lower lobe presenting with recurrent massive haemoptysis for about one year. He underwent left lower lobe lobectomy due to intractable haemoptysis. Histopathological examination demonstrated actinomycosis infiltrating the left lower lobe. Rarity of the case was the presence of actinomycosis in an immunocompetent individual and without underlying preexisting lung disease. Also, intractable massive haemoptysis necessitating surgical excision which proved to be both diagnostic and curative due to actinomycosis is an unusual occurrence.
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PMID:Massive Haemoptysis due to Obscure Aetiology: Perils and Management Dilemmas. 3059 49

Parenchymal lung infections occasionally present with clinical symptoms and radiological findings similar to lung malignancy. Pulmonary actinomycosis is a rare condition of its own right, let alone in coexistence with tuberculosis. We report a case of a man presenting with hemoptysis alongside a chest computed tomography compatible with lung cancer. The diagnosis, after removal of a large endobronchial mass with flexible bronchoscopy and cryon, was a concomitant infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Actinomyces odontoliticus. In the literature, there are few reported cases with concomitant tuberculosis and actinomycosis. To our knowledge, such radical treatment without surgical intervention has not been reported in the past.
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PMID:Presentation of pulmonary tuberculosis and actinomyces co-infection as a lung mass: a literature review and unique case report. 3185 Jun 96


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