Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019079 (hemoptysis)
 6,129 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Vinorelbine, docetaxel and cisplatin have documented single-agent activity in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC); a multicenter phase II trial was initiated in order to evaluate the tolerance and efficacy of their combination. A total of 24 chemotherapy-naive patients with measurable stage IIIB or IV NSCLC and performance status (PS; WHO) 0-2 entered the study. Vinorelbine (20 mg/m2 i.v.) was given on days 1 and 15, cisplatin (60 mg/m2) on day 1, and docetaxel (100 mg/m2) on day 16, in cycles of 28 days. Recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (150 microg/m2 s.c.) was administered prophylactically from day 17 to day 27. One pathological complete (4%) and six partial responses (25%) were documented (overall response 29%; 95% CI 11.6-49.2%). A total of five patients (21%) had stable and 12 (50%) progressive disease. The median duration of response was 28 weeks and the median time to tumor progression 36 weeks; the median survival was 20 weeks. Grade 3-4 neutropenia occurred in 16 patients (67%) while 13 of them (54%) developed febrile neutropenia. Grade 4 mucositis occurred in two patients (8%) and one of them also presented grade 4 diarrhea. There were four treatment-related deaths: two from sepsis, one from massive hemoptysis due to a pulmonary abscess and one from acute myocardial ischemia 7 days post-chemotherapy. In conclusion, the high incidence of neutropenic episodes and treatment-related deaths led to an early discontinuation of patient enrollment. This combination, in the schedule and the doses used, could not be recommended for off protocol treatment of patients with advanced NSCLC.
Lung Cancer 1998 Sep
PMID:Combination chemotherapy with docetaxel, vinorelbine and cisplatin as first-line treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: a multicenter phase II study of the Greek Cooperative Group for Lung Cancer. 985 99

The duration of anamnesis and its dependence on the amount of expectorated blood and on concomitant complaints was evaluated in 774 patients examined for hemoptysis in the Department of Respiratory Diseases and Tuberculosis, Faculty Hospital, Brno, with the aim to detect the factors hastening the visiting the physician by the patient. The longest anamnesis in average was in patients with COPD (123 days) and lung cancer (58 days). The patients coming too late to the physician originated mostly from these 2 groups as well--the anamnesis was longer than 2 months in 27% out of COPD patients and in 25% out of cancer patients. After including the influence of the amount of expectorated blood and of the concomitant complaints, the conclusion was reached that the bloody expectoration alone especially when streaks of blood only are present in sputum represent in many patients the motive not important enough for consulting the physician.
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PMID:[Duration of anamnesis in patients with hemoptysis]. 1023 Apr 71

Patients with lung cancer often develop airway obstruction that necessitates palliative bronchoscopic interventions. Expandable metal stents are increasingly used for this indication. We report a case of fatal massive hemoptysis that occurred 1 week after uneventful bronchial stent placement. Previous treatment with external-beam radiotherapy, brachytherapy, and photodynamic therapy probably contributed to pulmonary artery-bronchial fistulization in this patient. This complication should be kept in mind when considering expandable airway stent insertion in heavily pretreated lung cancer patients.
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PMID:Delayed massive hemoptysis after expandable bronchial stent placement. 1023 53

Normative data and trends for a disease- and site-specific quality of life (QL) instrument for individuals with lung cancer, the Lung Cancer Symptom Scale (LCSS), are presented to facilitate the user's interpretation of test scores. Data for patients enrolled in two large, identical, randomized trials of a new combination chemotherapy regimen for patients with stages III and IV non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were combined into one dataset (n = 673). For these patients with a Karnofsky performance status (KPS) of 60-100%, QL had been prospectively measured at baseline, day 29 and every 6 weeks thereafter. Descriptive statistics for the LCSS are presented for three time points (baseline, day 29 and day 71) and for specific demographic and disease-related characteristics (age, gender, race, performance status and stage of disease) to provide expected values and their variability during chemotherapy. Data from a small dataset of 63 NSCLC inpatients with KPS scores of 20-50% are also presented for a comparison sample of supportive care for inpatients and hospice patients. For the 673 NSCLC patients at baseline there were no significant differences in QL by age, gender, or race. Major presenting lung cancer symptoms at baseline for this combined sample were dyspnea 87%, cough 86%, pain 81%, loss of appetite 75%, and hemoptysis 41%. Of these patients, 81% had three or more presenting symptoms at baseline (2% had no symptoms; 5%, one symptom; 12%, two symptoms; 18%, three symptoms; 27%, four symptoms; and 36%, five symptoms). The mean LCSS baseline score (best = 0; worst = 100) was 26.56 (SD 16.10). The mean scores for day 29 and day 71 were 25.46 (SD 16.52) and 25.30 (SD 16.93), respectively, but follow-up assessments on progressers were not obtained. Stage III patients had a mean LCSS score of 23.7 (SD 15.1), whereas stage IV patients reported a mean LCSS score of 27.3 (SD 16.3). The mean LCSS score for the group with KPS 60-70% was 34.8 (SD 15.5), and that for the group with KPS 80-100% was 23.3 (SD 15.1). The mean LCSS score for the lower performance group, with KPS scores of 20-50% at baseline, was 46.85 (SD 17.65).
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PMID:Normative data and trends in quality of life from the Lung Cancer Symptom Scale (LCSS). 1033 32

Pulmonary actinomycosis is a chronic pulmonary infection caused by Actinomyces, a Gram-positive, microaerophilic bacterium. Pulmonary involvement, other than cervicofacially or abdominopelvically, is uncommon and often leads to a misdiagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis or lung cancer. In order to investigate the clinical, radiological, diagnostic and therapeutic characteristics of pulmonary actinomycosis, we reviewed a total of 25 cases reported in Korea. Thirteen were diagnosed at our hospital between 1985 and 1997 and 12 were reported in Korean publications. The condition occurred most frequently in middle-aged males, the most common symptom being haemoptysis, followed by cough and sputum. The main radiological features were peripherally located mass or nodule and consolidation, with central low attenuation. Complications such as empyema, sinus fistula or mediastinitis did not occur. Diagnosis was confirmed by percutaneous needle aspiration (n = 8), bronchoscopic biopsy (n = 3) or thoracotomy (n = 13). Eleven of 25 cases were treated medically and in nine others, surgical resection was followed by treatment with antibiotics. In conclusion, when a middle-aged male patient presents with haemoptysis and cough, together with radiologic findings of a peripheral mass or nodule with/without central low attenuation, pulmonary actinomycosis should be suspected.
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PMID:Pulmonary actinomycosis in Korea. 1033 28

A patient with a small-sized pulmonary adenocarcinoma was successfully treated by percutaneous high dose rate interstitial brachytherapy alone. The patient, who had an adenocarcinoma with 12-mm diameter in the lingular lobe of left lung, was judged to be inoperable because of poor pulmonary function due to emphysema and extensive pleural adhesion. The tumor was punctured with a 21-gauge fine applicator needle followed by the introduction of an iridium 192 (192Ir) radioactive source through the applicator needle using a remote afterloader. The tumor was irradiated for 225.1 s in one fraction. The tumor was in the inside of the iso-dose line of 40 Gy. The delivered doses calculated at nine reference points, which were 12.5 mm distant from the center of the tumor, distributed between 19.225 and 32.169 Gy, with a mean of 24.8 Gy. No apparent side effect including pneumothorax and hemoptysis was observed. The tumor shrank and showed no increment of the size for about 2 years.
Lung Cancer 1999 Jun
PMID:Percutaneous brachytherapy for small-sized non-small cell lung cancer. 1046 4

A 66-year-old man who complained of cough and haemoptysis had a cavitary lesion with the meniscus sign in the right lower lung field on his chest X-ray and CT scan. He had smoked 40 cigarettes daily, for about 46 years. Initially, he was diagnosed with aspergilloma and given an antifungal agent. After 2 months, the cavitary lesion showed a slight irregularity of the inner border. The walls were irregularly thickened and were surrounded by infiltrative densities compared with the previous chest radiograph. Enlargement of right hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes was also observed. The fungus ball-like shadow was fixed on the anterior wall of the cavity and its position was not altered with the patient's movements. These radiographic findings led to suspicion that the lesion might be malignant. Transbronchial lung biopsy of the cavity wall and CT guided needle aspiration biopsy of the fungus ball-like lesion were performed. Microscopic examination revealed a squamous-cell carcinoma in both the cavity wall and the fungus ball-like lesion. There was no evidence of fungal elements. In conclusion, the meniscus sign is most often associated with benign diseases such as aspergilloma, however, one should remember that carcinoma may be a cause.
Lung Cancer 1999 Dec
PMID:Cavitary lung cancer with an aspergilloma-like shadow. 1059 30

Forty-five lung cancer patients who had recurrence and/or endobronchial obstruction were treated with intrabronchial radiotherapy (IBRT). The majority had been heavily treated previously, mainly by external radiotherapy; six patients were treated surgically. IBRT was given with high-dose-rate equipment, either 18 Gy in three fractions or 15 Gy as a single dose was originally planned. For different reasons several patients received other regimens. Palliation of dyspnoea was obtained in 64% of the patients. Palliation of hemoptysis (12/14) and cough (11/17) was registered, as well as improvement in atelectasis in 11/26 patients. Palliation of dyspnoea was enhanced with an IBRT dose > 15 Gy. The median survival after IBRT was 13 weeks. Fatal hemoptysis (FH) occurred in 12 patients; 10 of these within 6 months after treatment. The risk of FH significantly increased with an IBRT dose > 15 Gy.
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PMID:Endobronchial radiotherapy for malignant bronchial obstruction or recurrence. 1066 52

Limited information is available in the medical literature on thoracic reirradiation for patients with recurrent/persistent lung carcinoma or new primary lung tumors. Controversy exists regarding the retreatment because of concerns regarding the risk of radiation toxicity. The medical and radiotherapeutic records of more than 1,500 patients with lung cancer seen in the Department of Radiation Oncology at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital from 1982 through 1997 were searched. Twenty-three patients with history of previous thoracic radiation therapy underwent thoracic reirradiation for either biopsy-proven and/or radiographically evident tumor recurrence, metastasis, or second lung primary. Most patients were reirradiated because of progressive dyspnea, cough, thoracic pain, or hemoptysis. Each of these symptoms was evaluated separately with regard to the subjective response to reirradiation. The median follow-up time from completion of reirradiation to last correspondence with the patient and/or family was 3.2 months, with a range of 0 to 17.5 months. In six patients with hemoptysis, a decrease or resolution of this symptom was noted. Of five patients with thoracic pain attributed to carcinoma, four noted an improvement in pain after reirradiation. Of 15 patients with cough, 9 had an improvement in cough, and of 15 patients with dyspnea, 11 had an improvement. Thoracic reirradiation is an effective modality in patients with hemoptysis, thoracic pain, cough, and dyspnea attributed to a radiographically defined recurrence and/or progression of lung cancer.
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PMID:Thoracic reirradiation for symptomatic relief after prior radiotherapeutic management for lung cancer. 1077 77

A 59-year-old male clerk consulted in general practitioner due to cough and hemoptysis. A mass shadow was pointed out in the left upper lung field on a chest radiograph. Patient was referred to our hospital for further treatment. Any definitive daiagnosis could not be made after examinations including sputum culture, cytology and TBLB. Because a lung cancer was strongly suspected, an exploratory thoracotomy was performed. Actinomyces was detected by pathological study of excised specimen, with no evidence of cancer. ABPC was administered for two months postoperatively. The patient is doing well without recurrence of actinomycosis 2.5 years after the surgery. Pulmonary actinomycosis presenting a mass shadow on a radiograph may mimick a pulmonary tumor, especially a lung cancer. Pulmonary actinomycosis should be considered in a differential diagnosis of pulmonary lesion thought to be malignant.
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PMID:[A case of pulmonary actinomycosis radiologically mimicking a lung cancer]. 1084 69


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