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Query: UMLS:C0019079 (hemoptysis)
 6,129 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Eleven cases of pulmonary aspergilloma complicating active cavitating pulmonary tuberculosis are reviewed. Nine of the 10 patients who had combined medical (antituberculosis drugs) and surgical treatment were cured of their disease; one patient, who had bilateral multiple aspergillomas, died from massive haemoptysis after resection of one of the affected lobes. The only medically treated patient who refused surgery had fatal haemoptysis at home. Pulmonary resection is recommended for patients who are fit for operation whenever the diagnosis of aspergilloma is made because most published reports indicate that only a few patients benefit from drug treatment alone.
Thorax 1984 Nov
PMID:Management of pulmonary aspergilloma in the presence of active tuberculosis. 639 Jul 74

From 1956 to 1980 85 patients were admitted to the Brompton Hospital, London, with pulmonary aspergilloma. The mean follow-up period was 8.7 years and 85% of patients were followed for five years or until death if this was earlier. There were 41 deaths, 27 from respiratory causes: 11 from pneumonia, six from chronic respiratory failure, seven after surgery for aspergilloma, and three from haemoptysis. Medical treatment alone was given to 36 patients, of whom three died of haemoptysis. Systemic antifungal treatment was given to 18 patients without benefit. Intracavitary antifungals were helpful in three out of 10 patients. Surgical resection was performed in 41 patients, of whom three (7%) died after operation and a further six (15%) developed major complications. Cavernostomy was performed in nine patients considered unfit for resection; four died after operation. Haemoptysis was absent or minor in 40 patients, of whom 19 were treated medically and 18 by resection, with similar five-year survival rates of 65% and 75%. Frank or major haemoptysis occurred in 45 patients, of whom 17 were treated medically and 23 by resection, with five-year survivals of 41% and 84% (p less than 0.02). The better survival of the surgical group in this retrospective survey may have been due to the selection of patients with better lung function and more localised pulmonary disease. Our observations suggest that surgical resection for aspergilloma should be restricted to patients with severe haemoptysis and adequate pulmonary function. In patients unfit for resection cavernostomy is hazardous.
Thorax 1983 Aug
PMID:Pulmonary aspergilloma: analysis of prognosis in relation to haemoptysis and survey of treatment. 661 47

The problems associated with pulmonary aspergilloma were assessed retrospectively in 23 patients presenting from 1953 to 1982. Haemoptysis occurred in over half the patients and in two it was fatal. Invasive aspergillosis occurred in five patients, a higher proportion than in earlier reports, and two of these died. Amphotericin B in combination with either flucytosine or natamycin and, more recently, ketoconazole have proved useful in the treatment of this condition.
Thorax 1983 Aug
PMID:What happens to patients with pulmonary aspergilloma? Analysis of 23 cases. 661 48

We have reviewed the results of 167 consecutive bronchograms carried out through the fibreoptic bronchoscope at the end of the bronchoscopic examination. Additional diagnostic information was obtained in 61 (37%) of the patients. Bronchiectasis was the most common finding and was particularly frequent in older patients with haemoptysis and a normal chest radiograph, in those with a chronic productive cough with a normal chest radiograph, and in a heterogeneous group with persistent lobar shadowing. The relative ease with which good quality bronchograms can be obtained via the fibreoptic bronchoscope has led us to discard more conventional methods except in children.
Thorax 1984 Apr
PMID:Bronchography via the fibreoptic bronchoscope. 671 72

Twelve successive patients with massive haemoptysis were treated by emergency rigid bronchoscopy and lavage of the bleeding lung with cold saline. All patients stopped bleeding during the procedure and all blood and clot was evacuated from the accessible airways. The bleeding source was localised to a lobe in seven cases, and lateralised in the remaining five patients. Five patients had a second haemorrhage during that hospital stay and cold saline lavage again terminated it. Further therapy, either surgical or medical was based on information obtained during the respite from haemorrhage achieved with this technique. There was no hospital mortality in the series.
Thorax 1980 Dec
PMID:Management of massive haemoptysis with the rigid bronchoscope and cold saline lavage. 726 64

A 50-year-old white man with recurrent major haemoptysis is described. The main problem in management was in detecting the aetiology and source of the haemoptysis. Rigid bronchoscopy is essential in the evaluation and treatment of patients with massive haemoptysis, and once the site of bleeding has been established, pulmonary resection offers the best chance of survival. The operation performed is usually lobectomy, although pneumonectomy, as with our patient, may be necessary.
Thorax 1980 Dec
PMID:Recurrent major haemoptysis: progression to pneumonectomy. 726 65

In the last 10 years we have operated on 33 cases of hydatid cyst of the liver with intrathoracic rupture. Twenty-one out of 33 cases ruptured into bronchi, in seven the rupture affected the pleural cavity, and in six simultaneous rupture into the bronchus and pleural cavity occurred. Laboratory tests were not carried out in all cases. The Casoni intradermal test was carried out in 23 cases and was positive in 18. A liver scan was performed in 10 and was positive in all. Conservative operations were carried out in 22 patients. In these the hepatic cavity was evacuated and separately drained. This was followed by suturing the diaphragmatic rupture and also closing the bronchial opening if present. Lung resections were performed in 11 out of 33 cases. In eight lobectomy was carried out and in three segmental resections. Resection was necessary when suppuration and bronchiectatic changes affected the lung. Ruptured cyst into the pleural cavity requires emergency thoracotomy after the anaphylactic shock is over. Removal of the parasite, re-expansion of the lung, and drainage of the pleural and hepatic cavities is necessary. Immediate and late complications occurred in 13 patients. In two postoperative haemorrhage occurred and in two postoperative empyema developed. Recurrent haemoptysis was seen in five, persistent bile fistula in one, and dissemination of hydatid cyst in three. In the remaining 20 cases there was no complication. Operative mortality was nil.
Thorax 1981 Jul
PMID:Hydatid cyst of the liver with intrathoracic rupture. 731 22

In 12 years 627 patients presented to Wentworth Hospital, Natal with chronic destructive pneumonia (CDP). Common symptoms were haemoptysis, the production of foul-smelling sputum, and chest pain. The disease pursued a chronic course with acute exacerbations which may be lethal. The majority of patients were African men aged between 20 and 50 years who were free from other significant disease apart from dental infection. Radiographically and pathologically CDP had the characteristics of a necrotising pneumonia, and microbiological investigation showed mixed aerobic and anaerobic flora in the lower respiratory tract. Gram-positive aerobic cocci and Bacteroides species were the predominant organisms. In 120 patients treatment regimens were based on chloramphenicol, in 429 cephalosporins, and in 78 on combination therapy with cephalosporins, penicillin, and metronidazole. One hundred and seventy patients also required operative management in an attempt to control progress of the disease. The overall inpatient mortality rate from CDP was 7.8%. In the group of patients treated with combination therapy the mortality rate was 1.3%.
Thorax 1980 May
PMID:Characteristics and management of chronic destructive pneumonia. 743 83

A case is presented of a 43 year old woman with massive haemotypsis secondary to non-thrombotic pulmonary embolism complicating atrial septal defect repair with a prosthetic patch. Non-thrombotic embolus must be considered in the differential diagnosis of massive haemoptysis.
Thorax 1995 Aug
PMID:Massive haemoptysis complicating prosthetic patch pulmonary embolism after atrial septal defect repair. 757 Apr 49

Dieulafoy's vascular malformation has not been described outside the gastrointestinal tract. Two cases are reported in which this vascular abnormality arose in right lower lobe bronchi, both of which presented with massive haemoptysis.
Thorax 1995 Jun
PMID:Dieulafoy's disease of the bronchus. 763 20


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