Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019079 (hemoptysis)
 6,129 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 64-year old man had a history of two myocardial infarctions recurrent episodes of paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia and hemoptysis. Cineangiocardiographic studies showed an anomalous vessel connecting the left coronary artery with a peripheral branch of the right pulmonary artery. Although several coronary obstructive lesions and abnormalities in the distribution of the circumflex branches were found, the anomaly apparently produced a real "pulmonary steal" and, thereby a worsening of the coronary insufficiency. We believe that this is the first reported case in the literature with such a coronary-pulmonary fistula. The angiographic findings are presented in detail, and the possible factors in the development of myocardial ischemia are discussed.
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PMID:Anomalous communication of the left coronary artery with a peripheral branch of the right pulmonary artery. 126 33

Carboplatin hypersensitivity has rarely been reported in patients receiving repeated cycles of therapy, but has not been reported in transplant settings. We report a case of carboplatin hypersensitivity during conditioning for autologous PBSC transplantation. The patient suddenly developed chest tightness, hemoptysis, hypoxia and hypotension, resulting in a transient myocardial ischemia. The pathophysiologic mechanism for the event seemed to be non-immune-mediated direct histamine release given the lack of prior exposure to platinum. Contrary to advice not to continue further treatment with carboplatin by some authors, we successfully desensitized the patient and subsequently gave more carboplatin as a part of conditioning. Awareness of carboplatin as one of the causes of hypersensitivity may help avoid further problems either by substitution or desensitization, along with premedications.
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PMID:Life-threatening carboplatin hypersensitivity during conditioning for autologous PBSC transplantation: successful rechallenge after desensitization. 957 15

Vinorelbine, docetaxel and cisplatin have documented single-agent activity in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC); a multicenter phase II trial was initiated in order to evaluate the tolerance and efficacy of their combination. A total of 24 chemotherapy-naive patients with measurable stage IIIB or IV NSCLC and performance status (PS; WHO) 0-2 entered the study. Vinorelbine (20 mg/m2 i.v.) was given on days 1 and 15, cisplatin (60 mg/m2) on day 1, and docetaxel (100 mg/m2) on day 16, in cycles of 28 days. Recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (150 microg/m2 s.c.) was administered prophylactically from day 17 to day 27. One pathological complete (4%) and six partial responses (25%) were documented (overall response 29%; 95% CI 11.6-49.2%). A total of five patients (21%) had stable and 12 (50%) progressive disease. The median duration of response was 28 weeks and the median time to tumor progression 36 weeks; the median survival was 20 weeks. Grade 3-4 neutropenia occurred in 16 patients (67%) while 13 of them (54%) developed febrile neutropenia. Grade 4 mucositis occurred in two patients (8%) and one of them also presented grade 4 diarrhea. There were four treatment-related deaths: two from sepsis, one from massive hemoptysis due to a pulmonary abscess and one from acute myocardial ischemia 7 days post-chemotherapy. In conclusion, the high incidence of neutropenic episodes and treatment-related deaths led to an early discontinuation of patient enrollment. This combination, in the schedule and the doses used, could not be recommended for off protocol treatment of patients with advanced NSCLC.
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PMID:Combination chemotherapy with docetaxel, vinorelbine and cisplatin as first-line treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: a multicenter phase II study of the Greek Cooperative Group for Lung Cancer. 985 99

The case of a 52-year-old man with severe coronary atheroma/ischaemic heart disease, who underwent successful triple vessel coronary artery bypass grafting is described. One month later this was complicated by aortic dissection arising at the aortic cannulation site. An emergency resection and Dacron graft placement were performed. Five weeks later he represented with haemoptysis. Despite inconclusive investigations the patient went on to suffer a massive fatal haemoptysis. Autopsy revealed Candida infection of the graft with a secondary aortobronchial fistula.
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PMID:Fatal fungal infection complicating aortic dissection following coronary artery bypass grafting. 1066 9

We describe a 68-year-old man with recurrent episodes of hemoptysis. The patient had undergone right upper and middle lobectomies for a benign cystic lesion 13 years ago and coronary artery bypass grafting for ischemic heart disease immediately before the onset of hemoptysis. Diagnostic work-up revealed that pulmonary arterial flow to the remaining right lower lobe had been inadvertently compromised by prior ligation of the right main pulmonary artery during the time of his bilobectomy, with the development of a robust collateral blood supply derived from bronchial and intercostals arteries. Successful treatment required percutaneous embolization of the dominant bronchial collaterals, followed by completion pneumonectomy.
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PMID:Unusual case of hemoptysis 13 years after bilobectomy. 1730 93

A non-smoking 77-year old gentleman of Indian origin was admitted with a 4-month history of intermittent night sweats, haemoptysis and 6 kg of weight loss. CT scan of thorax demonstrated a 2.5 cm mass in the right middle lobe with multiple small nodules within the right lung and confirmed the presence of mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes.Fibreoptic bronchoscopy demonstrated a distorted right main bronchus, anterior shift of the right upper lobe and occlusion of the right middle lobe bronchus with a black necrotic ulcer. Mycobacterium tuberculosis was found in the bronchoalveolar lavage and histology demonstrated numerous fungal hyphae with a morphological appearance of zygomycetes within necrotic areas of tissue. Medical management with anti-fungal and anti-mycobacterial treatment was instigated as the patient's pre-existing IHD did not permit surgical intervention. Subsequently CT imaging following completion of therapy demonstrated improvement of the mass and a resolution of the associated nodules. The patient has been followed for 6 months to date and there has been no recurrence of symptoms. Recent bronchoalveolar lavage cultures have been negative for M. tuberculosis and zygomycetes.
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PMID:Concurrent pulmonary zygomycosis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection: a case report. 1747 64

57-year-old woman with a history of ischaemic heart disease, arterial hypertension and after myocardial infarction was admitted to the university hospital because of progressive hearing loss and fever of unknown origin. Shortly before hospitalization she developed cough, hemoptysis and conjunctivitis. On the basis of clinical presentation Wegener's granulomatosis was suspected. To confirm the diagnosis, CT scans of the chest, sinuses and ears were performed and revealed massive lesions especially in tht tympanic cavity, mastoid antrum and cells. Infiltrations were also observed in sinuses, especially maxillary, and typical granulomas were found in the lungs. Moreover, the biopsy taken from the mucous membrane of the nose showed abnormalities typical of Wegener's granulomatosis. Antineutrophil cytoplasmatic antibodies (ANCA) were also examined. It is of interest that c-ANCA (cytoplasmatic) were negative and p-ANCA (perinuclear) were positive which is rare in this disease. The patient was treated with immunosuppressive drugs (intravenous methylprednisolone, oral prednisolone and cyclophosphamide). Following therapy fever, hemoptysis and conjunctivitis subsided, while inflammatory parameters normalized. This case report presents on unusual clinical manifestation of Wegener's granulomatosis with the leading sign of hearing loss.
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PMID:[Progressive hearing loss as the leading sign of Wegener's granulomatosis]. 1803 Aug 78

This was an eight year (2000-2007) retrospective study of tuberculosis in patients admitted to the UMMC. A total of 131 cases were analyzed. Malays constituted the most cases, (43%), followed by Chinese (22%), Indians (17%) and others (18%). The majority of cases were within the 21-60 year old age group, which constituted 69.5% of the total. Males were more commonly affected (65%). Most cases were reported among Malaysians (83%). The majority of patients were unemployed (39%), followed by housewives (10%), laborers (9%), students (8%), shop assistants (7%), and other occupations (27%). The most common presenting complaints were prolonged productive cough, night sweats, fever, anorexia, weight loss (57%), hemoptysis (34%), and undifferentiated symptoms, such as prolonged diarrhea and dysphagia (9%). Sputum was positive for acid-fast bacilli (AFB) in 89%, but only 69% of cases had abnormal chest radiographs. The majority of patients (65%) developed no complications. The most common complications were pleural effusion, pneumothorax and pulmonary fibrosis. The majority of patients (82%) suffered either from diabetes mellitus, hypertension, ischemic heart disease or all 3 conditions. Regarding risk factors for tuberculosis, two were HIV positive and two were intravenous drug users. The majority of the patients (85%) did not complain of any side effects from their anti-tuberculosis treatment. Among those who did complain of side effects, the most common were nausea and vomiting (41%), drug induced hepatitis (37%), blurring of vision (11%) and skin rashes (11%). Two cases of death were reported.
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PMID:Tuberculosis: an eight year (2000-2007) retrospective study at the University of Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 2057 21

A 70-year-old male smoker, with a three-month status of post-balloon angioplasty for ischaemic heart disease, presented with a one-week history of fever, haemoptysis and chest discomfort on coughing. The patient did not report any loss of weight or appetite. On examination, he was febrile. Pulmonary function tests revealed obstructive airway disease. High resolution computed tomography of the lungs revealed fibrosis with bronchiectasis in both the upper lobes, and a spiculating subpleural mass in the posterior aspect of the right lung apex. Subsequent bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) culture yielded the Scopulariopsis species. Our patient was treated with a four-week course of amphotericin B, followed by itraconazole. At the 24-month follow-up, the patient was asymptomatic. Subsequent BAL cultures revealed no fungal growths, and radiological studies showed a regression in the lesion.
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PMID:Pulmonary Scopulariopsis in a chronic tobacco smoker. 2084 53

A coronary-bronchial artery fistula is a very rare congenital anomaly of the coronary artery whose etiology and pathogenesis have not yet been clarified. Most patients with coronary-bronchial fistulas are asymptomatic; however, some patients present with congestive heart failure, infective endocarditis, myocardial ischemia induced by a coronary steal phenomenon, or rupture of an aneurysmal fistula. Furthermore, patients with a coronary-bronchial artery fistula rarely manifest life-threatening hemoptysis due to the associated bronchiectasis. We report herein the case of a patient with a coronary-bronchial artery fistula who had bronchiectasis and a history of massive hemoptysis and myocardial ischemia.
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PMID:Coronary-bronchial artery fistula manifested by hemoptysis and myocardial ischemia in a patient with bronchiectasis. 2236 9


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