Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019079 (hemoptysis)
 6,129 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The course and prognosis of all patients with mycetomas in the setting of pulmonary sarcoidosis from 1960 to 1978 were reviewed. Twelve patients were identified. All patients were managed conservatively without surgery or antifungal agents. Three patients died; however, only one death could be attributed to the presence of a mycetoma and all deaths were associated with severe pulmonary insufficiency. Episodes of both major and minor hemoptysis were managed successfully with supportive therapy alone in the remaining nine patients. Survival after the diagnosis of a mycetoma was 10-14 years in three patients, 5-7 years in three patients and 3-4 years in three patients. All nine surviving patients have required corticosteroids for control of their underlying sarcoidosis. Extracavitary invasive disease due to Aspergillus organisms was not seen in this group. In the setting of chronic pulmonary sarcoidosis with mycetoma formation, fatal hemoptysis is infrequent and episodes of hemorrhage may be safely managed with supportive medical therapy alone.
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PMID:Mycetomas in pulmonary sarcoidosis: non-surgical management. 49 36

Sarcoidosis ranges from asymptomatic lymphadenopathy to debilitating cavitary lung disease and involves surgeons in diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. In 89 patients two died of pulmonary insufficiency from Stage III sarcoidosis. Sixty-two patients underwent 74 diagnostic surgical procedures, with mediastinoscopy most frequently used, yielding 100 per cent diagnostic accuracy. Biopsies of other obviously diseased sites, including lung, liver and skin were effectively used. Surgical treatment of sarcoidosis involved both general and thoracic procedures in seven patients. The severity of pulmonary problems in Stage III sarcoidosis is emphasized in two patients with Aspergillus infections, hemoptysis and Aspergillus empyema with bronchopleural fistula. Sarcoidosis becomes a significant surgical problem in both diagnosis and the treatment of its complications.
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PMID:Surgical problems in sarcoidosis. 51 73

Three cases of parenchymal sarcoidosis with aspergilloma are described. Emphysematous bullae due to the basic disease were thought to predispose to aspergillomas. The roles possibly played by disturbances in cell-mediated immunity, associated with sarcoidosis, and by corticosteroid therapy are discussed. Antimycotics were effective in this difficult combination of diseases. Although the aspergillomas were not completely cured, a decrease in the amount of sputum and in the frequency of haemoptysis was noted for long periods. These drugs may also be useful as protective medication against invasive aspergillosis during corticosteroid therapy in patients with aspergilloma.
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PMID:Three cases of pulmonary sarcoidosis associated with aspergilloma. 74 30

The authors report on 29 cases of intrathoracic localization of extramedullary hematopoiesis. Out of them, 26 cases were confirmed by cytomorphologic examination of the aspirate specimens obtained by transtracheal biopsy of carina while in 3 cases the specimens for cytologic analysis were obtained by transthoracic fine needle aspiration of solitary shadows in the lung parenchyma. The cytomorphologic finding of the hematopoietic cells of the specimens obtained by transtracheal biopsy was unexpected in patients with an active pulmonary tuberculosis, primary bronchial carcinoma, broncho and pleuropneumonia, lung abscess, sarcoidosis, chronic bronchitis, rheumatoid arthritis as well as in patients with hemoptysis.
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PMID:[Intrathoracic extramedullary hematopoiesis]. 176 94

Ambulatory facilities are being used more and more for various diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. We report 183 consecutive mediastinoscopies and/or anterior mediastinotomies performed in an ambulatory setting from July 1981 to January 1991. There were 140 patients with a neoplasia: 131 bronchogenic carcinomas, 5 lymphomas, 2 carcinoid tumors, 1 teratocarcinoma, 1 carcinoma of the stomach. Forty-three patients had a benign condition, including 32 sarcoidosis and 11 miscellaneous diseases. Twenty-eight (15%) patients were admitted the same day: 12 for elective surgery in view of bed availability, 9 for medical observation, and 7 required overnight admission for non-medical reasons. Eight non-fatal complications were encountered: hemoptysis (2), atrial fibrillation (1), pneumonia (1), mediastinal self-contained bleed (1), tear of a pulmonary artery (1), temporary palsy of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (1) and wound infection (1). There was no operative mortality. Overall, ambulatory mediastinoscopy and anterior mediastinotomy permitted a diagnosis in 58 patients (29%), and confirmed unresectable malignant disease in 36 patients, thus sparing unnecessary admission to a surgical ward in 89 (49%) of the 183 patients. Mediastinoscopy and anterior mediastinotomy are safe in an ambulatory setting and alleviate the need for hospitalization in a substantial number of patients.
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PMID:[Mediastinoscopy in ambulatory surgery: nine years' experience]. 178 21

Ambulatory facilities are being used more and more for various diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. We report 158 consecutive mediastinoscopies and anterior mediastinotomies performed in an ambulatory setting from July 1981 to February 1990. There were 120 patients with a malignancy: 114 bronchogenic carcinomas, 4 lymphomas, 1 teratocarcinoma, and 1 carcinoma of the stomach. Thirty-eight patients had a benign condition, including sarcoidosis in 27 and miscellaneous diagnosis in 11. Twenty-two patients (14%) were admitted the same day: 9 for elective operation in view of bed availability, 8 for medical observation, and 5 for overnight admission for nonmedical reasons. Six nonfatal complications were encountered: hemoptysis (2), atrial fibrillation (1), pneumonia (1), mediastinal self-contained bleed (1), and tear of a pulmonary artery (1). There was no operative mortality. Overall, ambulatory mediastinoscopy and anterior mediastinotomy permitted a diagnosis in 47 patients (20%) and confirmed unresectable malignant disease in 29 patients, thus sparing unnecessary admission to a surgical ward in 76 (48%) of the 158 patients. Mediastinoscopy and anterior mediastinotomy can be safely performed in an ambulatory setting and do alleviate the need for hospitalization in a substantial number of patients.
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PMID:Ambulatory mediastinoscopy and anterior mediastinotomy. 195 33

Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) concentrations were measured in the bronchopulmonary secretions of 5 patients with the adult respiratory distress syndrome. Each patient underwent fibreoptic bronchoscopy and bronchopulmonary aspiration, and control samples were obtained in an identical manner from 24 patients who underwent bronchoscopy for other reasons (8 had tuberculosis, 6 had sarcoidosis, and 10 had haemoptysis but no abnormal findings). Aspirated fluid was assayed for the presence of TNF by use of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In the 5 patients with adult respiratory distress syndrome, TNF concentrations exceeded 500 U/ml (12.5 ng/ml), whereas in the control samples no TNF was detected.
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PMID:Tumour necrosis factor in bronchopulmonary secretions of patients with adult respiratory distress syndrome. 257 77

The authors report a case of multivisceral sarcoidosis which started in childhood and presented at radiography as multiple air-filled round cavities without signs of pulmonary fibrosis. The course of the disease was marked by progression of the bullae from apex to base and by the development of intracavitary aspergillosis responsible for haemoptysis.
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PMID:[Predominantly bullous pulmonary sarcoidosis complicated by aspergillosis]. 263 91

The authors analysed 116 hospitalized patients who, in their routine cytologic examination of the sputum, had also a cytomorphologic finding of lymphocytes. The greatest majority of these patients, 63 of them or 54.3% suffered from malignant neoplasm. Out of these 63 patients, 53 of them or 45.7% suffered from primary bronchial carcinoma, whereas 10 patients or 8.6% had non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, metastatic lung cancer of extrathoracic primary localization, Hodgkin's lymphoma, while two patients were supposed to have lung neoplasm. Our study also revealed that 14 patients (out of 116 hospitalized patients) or 12.0% suffered from broncho-pleuropneumonia, 13 or 11.2% from an active pulmonary tuberculosis, 7 or 6.0% from a chronic obstructive bronchitis, 5.1% from sarcoidosis, 3.4% from post tuberculosis pulmonary changes while 2.5% of the patients were found to have a pleural empyema. One case of bronchial asthma, tuberculous pleurisy, bronchiectasis, hamartoma, hemoptysis and a pulmonary infarction were found as well. Due to their own experience the authors conclude that the lymphocytes in the sputum were found to be the most frequent in patients suffering from primary bronchial carcinoma, broncho-pleuropneumonia and pulmonary tuberculosis but that they could also be found in many others pathologic changes of pulmonary parenchyma.
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PMID:[Lymphocytes in sputum]. 263 95

Pulmonary aspergilloma and pleural aspergillosis are a potentially lifethreatening disease resulting from the colonization of lung or pleural cavities by the ubiquitous fungus Aspergillus fumigatus. Twenty four patients with pulmonary aspergilloma and five with pleural aspergillosis underwent major thoracic procedures at our hospital between 1976 and 1986. Fourteen of the patients had haemoptysis, in 9 it was recurrent, and in 5 life-threatening. Tuberculosis, pneumonia, and sarcoidosis were the most common preexisting lung lesions. Surgical procedures included 7 pleuropneumonectomies, 18 lobectomies and 4 wedge resections. The postoperative mortality rate was approximately 7% (2 pat.). Based on the pathological examination 4 patients had unexpectedly a bronchial carcinoma in addition to the aspergilloma. Bronchopleural fistula with persistent air space was a serious complication only for patients after pleuropneumonectomy. 23 patients including those with complex aspergilloma and pleural infection had no postoperative complications; in none of the 27 operative survivors were there any recurrent symptoms over a follow-up between one and ten years. Good-risk patients with documented aspergilloma, even asymptomatic, should be resected, because of the danger of exsanginating haemorrhage. For patients with pleural aspergillosis only the aggressive resection can provide effective long term palliation.
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PMID:Surgery for pulmonary aspergilloma and pleural aspergillosis. 306 29


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