Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019079 (hemoptysis)
 6,129 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This report describes our 17-year experience with intracardiac repair in 200 patients older than 14 years with tetralogy of Fallot. Congestive failure, hemoptysis, and cerebral abscess were present in 15, 10, and 3% of patients, respectively. Prior palliative shunts had been performed in 24.5% only. Polycythemia with a hematocrit greater than 60% was noted in 100 patients but was not considered an incremental risk factor (p greater than 0.05). A transannular gusset was utilized in 74% of patients in the last 5 years of the study. Hospital mortality was 1.3% in the last 5 years. Ninety-seven percent of survivors at follow-up are asymptomatic and leading an active life. Recatheterization data from 86 patients revealed excellent or good results in 88%. The incidence of residual ventricular defect was 1% overall, with a zero incidence in the last 12 years. On the basis of this review, we consider that easier and hemodynamically satisfactory repair has been achieved in the adolescent and older patient compared with the child. The ultimate longevity, however, must await the results of long-term functional and serial hemodynamic evaluation.
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PMID:The clinical profile and surgical treatment of tetralogy of Fallot in the adult: results of repair in 200 patients. 370 44

Four patients with cardiorespiratory failure caused by secondary kyphoscoliosis were studied. Polycythemia, cor pulmonale, restrictive lung pattern (functional residual capacity (FRC), 17 to 27% predicted; vital capacity (VC), 11 to 23% predicted), and abnormal arterial blood gases, primarily hypoventilation (PaO2, 31 to 44 mm Hg; PaCO2, 52 to 73 mm Hg), were seen in all. Supplementary oxygen, digoxin, diuretics, 15 min of intermittent positive-pressure breathing with inspired pressure (PI) 25 cm H2O 4 times daily, and tracheostomy failed to produce improvement. However, 12 h of nighttime ventilation (NTV) with PI 28 to 35 cm H2O through a permanent tracheostomy proved effective. Within 72 h, dyspnea at rest, restless sleep, and frequent waking resolved. Within 8 to 22 days, the PaO2 was approximately 58 mmHg and the PaCO2 was approximately 41 mm Hg while breathing 21% oxygen spontaneously during the day. The right heart failure resolved within 2 to 7 wk, and the hemoglobin count decreased to approximately 165 g/L within 2 to 6 months. There was a mean increase of 700 ml (72%) in functional residual capacity and 430 ml (49%) in vital capacity. The patients were discharged 2 days to 5 wk after NTV commenced. Daytime activity increased, approaching a normal life style. The improvement was sustained over a mean follow-up period of 3.4 yr. Problems included recurrent episodes of tracheobronchitis, mild self-limiting hemoptysis, and speech modification. Nighttime ventilation may be an effective alternative for long-term treatment of cardiorespiratory failure caused by secondary kyphoscoliosis.
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PMID:Nighttime ventilation improves respiratory failure in secondary kyphoscoliosis. 669 24

Rendu-Osler disease is a familial disorder transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait of high penetrance. It is characterized by telengiectasias of the skin, mucous membranes and viscera, associated with recurrent bleedings. Neurological complications (brain abcesses and hemorrhagic manifestations) occur in 10% of the patients. Neurological symptoms are often associated with arteriovenous fistula of the lung (50%). Ischaemic strokes occuring in such patients with an hemorrhagic disease while unfrequent, have been described. The pathophysiology of stroke in that case remains unclear. Polycythemia causing hyperviscosity, air embolism following hemoptysis, paradoxical embolism through right-to-left shunt have been proposed. We report a new case of ischaemic strokes occuring in a caucasian forty-year-old woman, with Rendu-Osler disease (familial history, epistaxis, telengiectasias) and with an arteriovenous malformation of the right lung. She presented two strokes and one transient ischaemic attack. Her pulmonary malformation was occluded by embolization. The role of arteriovenous malformation in the pathophysiology of strokes is discussed.
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PMID:[Ischemic cerebrovascular complications in Rendu-Osler disease: a case]. 876 58

A 19-year-old woman complaining of exertional dyspnea was admitted to our hospital with an abnormal shadow on the left side of the chest. Laboratory examination revealed polycythemia and hypoxemia. Pulmonary angiogram demonstrated a pulmonary arteriovenous fistula beneath the surface of the left S10. Partial resection of the left S10 was performed. The wall of the arteriovenous fistula was flimsy and seemed to rupture easily. The sister of this patient also had a peripheral pulmonary arteriovenous fistula and suffered from repeating epistaxis. Rendu-Osler-Weber disease was diagnosed in both, and the sister underwent partial resection of the right S7, which contained the fistula. Their postoperative courses were uneventful. Hemothorax and hemoptysis are lethal complications of arteriovenous fistulae. In order to avoid the rupture of fistulae, surgical resection is the most reliable treatment. Pulmonary arteriovenous fistulae beneath the surface of the lung should be resected.
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PMID:[A case of pulmonary arteriovenous fistula beneath the surface of the lung]. 961 53