Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019079 (hemoptysis)
 6,129 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We observed a fatal case of cardiac tumor obstructing the left atrium. Death occurred after massive hemoptysis. At autopsy, the histological diagnosis was primary cardiac osteosarcoma with metastases in the adrenal gland.
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PMID:[Primary osteosarcoma of the left auricle. Report of a case]. 770 68

A 66-year-old woman was referred to this institution for treatment of hemoptysis, atelectasis of the left upper lobe, and marked hypoxia necessitating oxygen therapy. A low anterior resection of the rectum had been performed for rectal adenocarcinoma 6 years and 3 months before this admission, and was followed by another resection after a local recurrence 20 months later. Bronchoscopy revealed an endobronchial tumor obstructing the left upper lobe bronchus. Tissue from a transbronchial biopsy revealed metastatic rectal carcinoma of the endobronchial lumen. There was no evidence of local recurrence or metastasis to other organs. A left pneumonectomy and lymph node dissection were performed successfully. The postoperative course was uneventful, and the patient was discharged after marked improvement of the arterial blood gas results. The pathological diagnosis of a resected tissue specimen was metastatic adenocarcinoma of the left hilar lymph nodes with invasion of the left main bronchus and protrusion into the endobronchial lumen. The patient remained disease-free for 6 months. At that time, computed tomography of the chest disclosed small metastases in the right lung and chemotherapy was begun.
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PMID:[Solitary rectal carcinoma metastasis to the left hilar lymph nodes: a case report]. 773 Nov 28

We present 25 cases of a primary pulmonary sarcoma bearing histological, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural features indistinguishable from those of monophasic synovial sarcoma of soft tissue. The patients were 11 men and 14 women between the ages of 16 and 77 years. Clinically, the most common symptoms were chest pain, cough, shortness of breath, and hemoptysis. The lesions involved all lung segments. Grossly, they varied in size from 0.6 to 20 cm and were described as soft to rubbery tumors with areas of necrosis and hemorrhage, some with cystic changes. Two lesions involved the bronchial wall and in one case the tumor was described as encircling the bronchial tree. Histologically, all of the lesions were characterized by an atypical spindle cell proliferation with a solid growth pattern. Areas of myxoid, neural, hemangiopericytic, and epithelial-like growth pattern were observed. Mitoses, necrosis, and hemorrhage were seen in all lesions in varying proportions. Immunohistochemical studies for epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) and keratin showed strong focal positivity in 25 of 25 and 23 of 25 lesions, respectively. Immunohistochemical study for vimentin showed diffuse strong positivity in all lesions. Other immunostains, including desmin, smooth muscle actin, and S-100 protein, were negative. Electron microscopy in three cases showed spindle cells with elongated nuclei containing abundant cytoplasmic rough endoplasmic reticulum and well developed desmosome type intercellular junctions. Follow-up information ranging from 2 to 20 years was obtained in 18 patients. Six patients died of their tumors, whereas four patients died of unrelated causes without evidence of recurrence or metastases. Eight patients were alive with disease (recurrence and/or metastases) from 1 to 7 years after diagnosis. Four patients were alive and well without evidence of recurrence or metastases from 2 to 20 years (mean follow-up, 12.5 years). The present group of lesions appears to constitute a distinctive and as yet previously undescribed primary sarcoma of the lung, which probably represents the visceral counterpart of monophasic synovial sarcoma of soft tissue in a pulmonary location. Because of their distinctive biology these lesions should be distinguished from a variety of primary and metastatic malignancies of the lung.
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PMID:Primary pulmonary sarcomas with features of monophasic synovial sarcoma: a clinicopathological, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural study of 25 cases. 775 Sep 31

In order to construct a multivariate model for predicting early recurrence and cancer death for patients with stage I non-small cell lung cancer, 271 consecutive patients (mean age, 63 +/- 8 years) who were diagnosed, treated, and followed at one institution were studied. All patients were clinical stage I with head and chest/abdominal computed tomograms and radionuclide bone scans without evidence of metastatic disease. Pathological material after resection was reviewed to verify histological staging. Follow-up documented the time and location of any recurrence, was a median 56 months in duration, and was complete in all cases. Data recorded included age, sex, smoking history, presenting symptoms, pathological description, and oncoprotein staining for erbB-2 (HER-2/neu), p53, and KI-67 proliferation protein. Immunohistochemistry of oncogene expression was performed on two separate archived paraffin tumor blocks for each patient, with normal lung as control. All analyses were blinded and included Kaplan-Meier survival estimates with Cox proportional hazards regression modeling. Data, including immunohistochemistry, were complete for all 271 patients. Actual 5-year survival was 63% and actuarial 10-year survival was 58%. Significant univariate predictors (P < 0.05) of early recurrence and cancer-death were: male sex; the presence of symptoms; chest pain; type of cough; hemoptysis; tumor size > 3 cm diameter (T2); poor differentiation; vascular invasion; erbB-2 expression; p53 expression; and a higher KI-67 proliferation index (> 5%). An additive oncogene expression curve demonstrated a 5-year survival of 72% for 136 patients without p53 or erbB-2, 58% for 108 patients who expressed either oncogene, and 38% for 27 who expressed both (P < 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:A prognostic model of recurrence and death in stage I non-small cell lung cancer utilizing presentation, histopathology, and oncoprotein expression. 780 40

A 65-year-old man complaining of a left medial ocular angle mass and hemoptysis was admitted to our hospital. Chest radiography revealed a right hilar mass and bronchoscopy revealed widespread cancerous invasion of the carina, both main bronchi, right upper lobe bronchus, truncus intermedius, and middle lobe bronchus. Histological examination of a biopsied specimen revealed small cell carcinoma. Brain CT scan, abdominal CT scan, and bone scintigram showed solitary brain, multiple liver, and multiple bone metastases. Partial response was obtained with three courses of combined chemotherapy with carboplatin and etoposide, and the ocular tumor until it was almost invisible to the unaided eye. However, complete response could not be obtained with additional two courses of combined chemotherapy, and the patient was discharged. Seven months after the first admission, he was readmitted with dyspnea and an enlarged (6 mm in diameter) left ocular mass. Histological examination of the resected mass revealed a small cell carcinoma that had metastasized to the conjunctival substantia propria. He died of respiratory failure one month after readmission. Metastasis to the eye from primary lung cancer is uncommon and patients such as this are extremely rare. Although some cases of uveal or orbital metastasis from lung cancer have been reported, we can find no other report of conjunctival metastasis from lung cancer.
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PMID:[Small cell lung cancer presenting as a metastatic conjunctival tumor]. 781 69

A 49-year-old woman had a right adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma in April 1989. In May 1990 she underwent an operation to remove paraaortic lymph nodes, and the lymph nodes showed pheochromocytoma. Twenty-two months after the first operation, metastases to the left cervical nodes, lung, and liver occurred. Her blood pressure was 172/104 mmHg; fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 342 mg/dl; urinary noradrenaline (NA), more than 2000 micrograms/day; and plasma NA, 17.28 ng/ml. Treatment with the CVD regimen (cyclophosphamide, 750 mg/m2 on day 1; vincristine, 1.4 mg/m2 on day 1; dacarbazine, 600 mg/m2 on days 1 and 2, every 21 days) was begun on February 14, 1991. After 3 cycles of the CVD regimen her blood pressure was 140/82 mmHg; FPG, 157 mg/dl; urinary NA, 917 micrograms/day 1; and plasma NA, 4.54 ng/ml. The size of the metastatic lesions in the liver had decreased. Treatment with the CVD regimen was continued until May 1992. After that she did not go to the hospital for about 2 months. Metastatic lesions progressed gradually and treatment with the CVD regimen was repeated again. She was admitted to the hospital on February 17, 1993 because of appetite loss and nausea. Her blood pressure was 188/94 mmHg; FPG, 197 mg/dl; HbA1c, 9.5%; urinary NA, 18265.3 micrograms/day; and plasma NA, 47.20 ng/ml. She was treated with the CVD regimen in 2 repeated cycles (28th cycle of treatment with the CVD regimen) but there was no effect. She died following hemoptysis on March 15, 1993.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[A case of malignant pheochromocytoma treated with a combination of cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and dacarbazine (CVD). A review of the Japanese literature of malignant pheochromocytoma treated with a combination of CVD]. 785 22

Three pulmonary resections were performed for two cases of metastatic lung tumor from uterine leiomyosarcoma. Case 1 was diagnosed as myoma uteri. Preoperative chest X-ray examination showed an abnormal shadow in the left upper lobe. Postoperative diagnosis was leiomyosarcoma. During radiotherapy for the pelvic lesion, the lung tumor was growing very rapidly and micrometastases were detected bilaterally without distant metastasis. Bilateral pulmonary resections were performed. Three months and 15 days later, second left pulmonary and thoracic wall resections were performed because of lung and pleural recurrence. Seven months after the first pulmonary operation, she died of systemic metastases. Case 2 was admitted to the hospital because of genital bleeding and diagnosed leiomyosarcoma of the uterus. The patient had a metastatic lung tumor in the left lower lobe preoperatively. Eighteen days after hysterectomy, left lower lobectomy was performed because progressive hemoptysis occurred for rapidly enlarged metastatic lesion. She died of intrapelvic bleeding three months after the operation without respiratory symptom. The prognosis of synchronously found out lung metastasis from uterine leiomyosarcoma is very poor. Neither chemotherapy nor radiotherapy is effective. Although it's difficult and controversial to decide the surgical indication, we need to operate on as soon as possible when there is no other distant metastasis. Even if the timing of operation is late, we can find the surgical significance of pulmonary resection for reduction of respiratory symptoms and probability of longer survival.
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PMID:[Two cases of metastatic lung tumor from leiomyosarcoma of the uterus]. 805 42

Of all the 95 primary tracheal carcinomas diagnosed in Finland in 1967-1985, 72% were squamous cell carcinomas. Fifty-three percent were located in the lower third of the trachea. main symptoms were dyspnea, cough and hemoptysis. Fifty-nine percent of the patients developed extratracheal growth during the follow-up of 12 years, with lungs, neck, liver, and bones being the most common sites. In addition, autopsy revealed mediastinal metastases in 25% of patients. Vocal cord palsy at the time of diagnosis was present in 33%. The size and location of tumor in the trachea did not affect survival significantly. Patients with adenoid cystic carcinomas had the best prognosis.
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PMID:Symptoms and signs and their prognostic value in tracheal carcinoma. 828 1

To determine the clinical presentation of patients with malignancies metastatic to the lung, the diagnostic utility of fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FB), and the primary site of malignancies metastasizing endobronchially, we retrospectively reviewed 1,853 FB records (1987 to 1991) and selected 111 cases for review. Cases were divided on the basis of FB findings into abnormal (44 patients) and normal (67 patients). Pulmonary symptoms (cough, hemoptysis, and chest pain) prompted referral significantly more often in the abnormal FB group (34/44) than in the normal FB group (24/67). The finding of atelectasis on chest radiograph occurred more frequently in patients with endobronchial abnormalities. The spectrum of extrapulmonary malignancies that metastasize endobronchially has changed during the AIDS epidemic. Our study shows the most frequent causes of endobronchial mass lesions were Kaposi's sarcoma and the lymphoma group (Hodgkin's disease, nonHodgkin's lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia) and the most common malignancies causing submucosal metastases were breast and the lymphoma group. In summary, the highest yield from FB can be expected in patients experiencing symptoms of cough or hemoptysis and/or having radiographic evidence of atelectasis. We propose a new mnemonic "KLAS" (Kaposi's sarcoma, Lymphoma, Adenocarcinoma, Sarcoma) to describe the malignancies most likely to metastasize endobronchially in the 1990s.
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PMID:Fiberoptic bronchoscopy in the evaluation of carcinoma metastatic to the lung. 830 46

Angiosarcoma involving the lung is a rare disorder and its clinical features are not well known. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 15 patients seen at our institution from 1950 to 1990 in an attempt to better characterize the spectrum of clinical and radiographic findings of angiosarcoma in the lung. No documented case of primary angiosarcoma of the lung was seen. The diagnosis of metastatic angiosarcoma to the lung was made antemortem in 12 of 15 cases, either by lung biopsy specimen (5 patients), biopsy evidence of metastatic disease elsewhere with abnormal chest radiograph (4 patients), or a compatible clinical picture in a patient with previously documented angiosarcoma arising in an extrapulmonary site (3 patients). The median age at the time of diagnosis was 45 years with the most common presenting symptom being hemoptysis (7 of 15 patients). Other presenting complaints included weight loss (6 of 15), cough (4 of 15), and chest pain (4 of 15) occurring 6 weeks to 1 year prior to diagnosis. Chest radiographs frequently disclosed multiple pulmonary nodules (11 of 15). Primary origins of the angiosarcoma most commonly included the heart and breast. Metastatic sites other than the lung included the pericardium, liver, spleen, kidney, adrenal gland, bone, and brain. The prognosis is generally poor, with our study population surviving an average of 9 months after diagnosis.
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PMID:Angiosarcoma in the lung. 848 39


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