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Query: UMLS:C0019079 (hemoptysis)
 6,129 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The prevalence of bronchiectasis decreased due to the effective use of vaccines and advances of antibiotic therapy after 1970. However, it remains an important long-term morbidity of lower respiratory tract infection in developing country. To evaluate the clinical features of bronchiectasis in a tertiary hospital, we collected 21 patients with a diagnosis of bronchiectasis in Taipei Veterans General Hospital from May, 1984 to Dec, 2001 in pediatric outpatient with the admission of age below 18 years old. The diagnosis was based on the history of recurrent cough with fetid sputum, hemoptysis, or recurrent lobar pneumonia for months at least and radiological findings of lobar infiltration, tram-track like patterns, bronchiolar dilatation or honeycomb patterns. The diagnostic examinations included chest plain radiography, bronchography and chest computed tomography (CT) scans. Respiratory tract infections were the commonest cause predisposing to bronchiectasis in our study. Tuberculosis is not rare in this study. In recent years, immunodeficiency disorders have been recognized. Most patients suffered from recurrent cough and fetid sputum for years before diagnosis was established. Hemoptysis was the second common symptom in our study. The plain chest radiograph of bronchiectasis revealed dilatation of bronchial trees with honeycomb pattern or infiltration only. In recent years, chest CT became the most accurate and being noninvasive diagnostic tool. The initial treatment was primarily medical conservative therapy. Only five patients in our cases underwent pulmonary resection due to persistent hemoptysis, recurrent bacterial pneumonia or pulmonary parenchyma destruction. Most patients still suffered from recurrent pneumonia or occasional exacerbation in the long-term follow-up. In conclusion, bronchiectasis is not uncommon in pediatric population in northern Taiwan. The history of recurrent cough with fetid sputum, hemoptysis, or recurrent pneumonia were the most important clues to early diagnosis of this disease. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are effective in order to prevent lung abscess, empyema and pneumothorax, bronchopleural fistula, hemoptysis or cor pulmonale.
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PMID:Clinical spectrum of bronchiectasis in children. 1260 83

A 12-year-old girl presented with hemoptysis, fever and weight loss. She was initially diagnosed and treated for presumed tuberculosis and a lung abscess. Salmonella typhi was isolated from the abscess. Hydatid cyst was diagnosed at surgery. This is the first reported case of a pulmonary hydatid cyst infected with S. typhi.
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PMID:Salmonella typhi-infected lung hydatid cyst. 1575 Apr 68

The purpose of this retrospective study is to clarify the clinical, radiological and evolutionary aspects of the hydatid cyst of the lung. Over a period of 9 years (January, 1983 - December, 2001), we brought together in the pediatric service B of Children's hospital of Tunis, 54 cases of hydatid cyst of the lung. The average age is of 7 years 3 months (extremes 2 and 14 years), and the sex- ratio of 1,16. 61% of the children are of rural origin. Bronchpulmonary infection is the most frequent circumstance of discovery (72 % of cases). hemoptysis is revealing in 37% of cases. Discovery is fortuitous in 7% of cases. The radiography of the chest is of a big diagnostic contribution. The radiological aspects obtained are: a homogeneous opaqueness (61%), a diverse opaqueness (26%), an image of lung abscess (22 %), an aspect of floating membrane (4 %), a pleural effusion (9%), and an opaqueness with growing gas (4%). Chest echography was contributory in 77% of cases. 74% of the children were operated without complications. The others were lost.
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PMID:[The hydatid cyst of the lung in children: 54 cases]. 1588 17

A case of lung abscessi has been reported in 10 years old child, boy. This lung disease is uncommon, but treatment is complex. A lung abscess is a suppurative process resulting in destruction of the pulmonary parenchyma and formation of a cavity containing purulent material. The child was already treated in the hospital in Bihac since 19.07.2004. to 04.08.2004. Lung abscess was secondary caused by staphylococcus, started as panaritium second finger. The diagnosis is generally made by roentgenographic examination when a cavity with a fluid level surrounded by alveolar infiltration is demonstrated. After a few consultations with thoracal surgeon conservative treatment was continued Vankomicin 40 days and Funzol, later Stanicid 10 days. Brronchosacopy to faciliate drainage or to obtain culture is controversial so the same wasn't done. Surgical drainage of a lung abscess is almost never indicated and resection should be considered only in a children with recurrent hemoptysis, repeated episodis of infection. Serial chest roentgenograms show gradual diminution of the abscessus over a period of several weeks during hospitalization. Last one chest X ray shows as sequely air cyst on the left side. X ray of the second finger shows osteitis of the second phalange. After 40 days the child was discharged with recommendation for follow up by thoracal surgeon next 6 months.
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PMID:[Pulmonary abscess]. 1601 98

A 71-year-old man presented with hemoptysis due to chronic contained rupture of the descending thoracic aorta after sepsis by Escherichia coli complicated with transrectal biopsy of the prostate, and underwent urgent graft replacement. The aorta had an almost normal caliber and ruptured into the left lung without abscess. The perforated site of the lung was filled with gelatin-resorcinol-formaldehyde glue, and the defect of the aortic wall was closed. Without graft infection, lung abscess, or sepsis, the patient was discharged followed by 1 month's intravenous administration of cefazolin and piperacillin sensitive to Escherichia coli after the surgery.
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PMID:Chronic contained rupture of the descending thoracic aorta due to infection by Escherichia coli. 1602 72

Lung resection is uncommon in children because of its limited indications. We reviewed and analyzed the records of 31 children who underwent pulmonary resection between 1994 and 2001. The mean age was 7 years (range 1.6-12 years), and genders were equal. Bronchiectasis, lung abscess, necrotizing pneumonia, and destroyed lung were seen in 14, 12, 3, and 2 patients, respectively. Bronchial stenosis and inflammation of the bronchus was found endoscopically in four patients, and a foreign body in one patient. The indications for surgery in chronic sepsis were: recurrent respiratory tract infections, severe bronchiectasis, recurrent hemoptysis, destroyed lung parenchyma, and lung abscess, while the indications for surgery in acute infections were: failed medical treatment, or empyema. A lobectomy was done on 15 patients, lobectomy and lingulectomy on 4, lobectomy and decortications on 10, and pneumonectomy on 2 with no operative deaths. Intra-operative and post-operative complications were seen in 2 and 4 patients, respectively. Mean follow-up was 3.9 years (range 1.5-5 years). Twenty-eight patients were asymptomatic and three had improved. Respiratory function remained unchanged in 14 children. Mediastinal shift and lung overinflation occurred after pneumonectomy. These results show that lung resection can be done safely in pulmonary infection refractory to conservative medical therapy. Pulmonary resection does not alter respiratory function since the resected segments do not contribute to ventilation.
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PMID:Lung resection in children for infectious pulmonary diseases. 1607 33

A 53-year-old man visited his family doctor complaining of chest pain and cough in January 2006. He had a 5-year history of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. His illness was diagnosed as pneumonia of the left lingular division. Antibiotics were started but his pneumonia worsened repeatedly after insufficient antibiotics due to his poor compliance with medication. In addition to pneumonia, he began to have hemoptysis at the end of May and was admitted to our hospital. Contrast-enhanced CT scan on admission showed a lung abscess on the left lingular division and formation of a pulmonary pseudoaneurysm inside the abscess. Treatment with SBT/ABPC rapidly improved his condition but massive hemoptysis recurred 9 days after admission. Embolization of the bronchial artery and pulmonary pseudoaneurysm successfully controlled airway bleeding. When hemoptysis occurs due to sustained inflammation such as a lung abscess, bleeding from the pulmonary artery should be considered and a precise evaluation including contrast-enhanced CT and pulmonary angiography made.
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PMID:[A case of pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysm secondary to lung abscess]. 1776 92

While the prevalence of bronchiectasis has decreased significantly over recent decades in developed countries, resection for bronchiectasis still plays an important part in thoracic surgery practice in some countries, such as Portugal. Between 1994 and 2004, 51 patients (29 female and 22 male) with a mean age of 38.6 years (range 4-65 years) underwent pulmonary resection for bronchiectasis. Mean duration of symptoms was 4.8 years. Surgery was indicated because of unsuccessful medical therapy in 25 patients (49.1%), haemoptysis in 12 (23.5%), lung mass in 9 (17.6%) and lung abscess in 5 (9.8%). The surgical treatment was pulmonectomy in 7 patients, bilobectomy in 3, lobectomy in 36 and segmentectomy in 5. There was no operative mortality. Complications occurred in 8 patients and the morbidity rate was 15.7%. Follow-up was complete in 45 (88.2%) patients with a mean of 3.4 years. Overall, 35 (77.7%) patients were asymptomatic after surgery, symptoms were improved in 7 (15.6%), and unchanged or worse in 3 (6.7%). Unsuccessful medical therapy was still our main indication for surgery of bronchiectasis, despite aggressive anti- biotic therapy. Surgical resection was performed with acceptable morbidity and morbidity and markedly improved symptoms in the majority of patients.
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PMID:[Surgical treatment of bronchiectasis]. 1796 87

Aspergilloma refers to a fungal ball formed by saprophytic overgrowth of Aspergillus species and is seen secondary to cavitatory/cystic respiratory diseases. Paucity of clinical and pathological data of aspergilloma in India prompted us to analyze cases of aspergilloma over 15 years. The clinical features were recorded in all and correlated with detailed pathological examination. Aspergillomas were identified in 41 surgical excisions or at autopsy. There was male predominance; half the patients were in their fourth decade. Episodic hemoptysis was the commonest mode of presentation (85.4%). Forty aspergillomas were complex, occurring in cavitatory lesions (82.9%) or in bronchiectasis (14.6%). Simple aspergilloma was seen as an incidental finding in only one. Tuberculosis was the etiological factor in 31 patients, producing cavitatory or bronchiectatic lesions; other causes were chronic lung abscess and bronchiectasis (unrelated to tuberculosis). Surgical resections are endorsed in view of high risk of unpredictable, life-threatening hemoptysis.
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PMID:Pathology of pulmonary aspergillomas. 1872 54

We describe a case of fire-eater's pneumonia that was complicated by an infectious lung abscess with substantial haemoptysis. Conservative treatment was inadequate. Surgical resection was necessary and proved to be successful.
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PMID:Fire-eater's lung complicated by an infectious abscess requiring surgical treatment. 2007 May 83


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