Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019079 (hemoptysis)
 6,129 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 26-year-old man presented with a 2-week history of hemoptysis and progressive upper airway obstruction. Roentgenograms and bronchoscopy confirmed a tracheal tumor, and a primary leiomyosarcoma was resected.
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PMID:Tracheal leiomyosarcoma: a unique cause of stridor. 93 Nov 84

We report a case of 18-year-old boy who was admitted to our hospital for hemoptysis and hemothorax caused by rupture in the pulmonary tissue. A tumoral mass was found protruding from the inferior aspect of the left lower lobe towards the diaphragma. A large hematoma was seen in the vicinity of the tumoral mass. An emergency left lower lobectomy was performed and the hematoma was removed. The tumor was yellow in color, soft and 7 cm in diameter. The histological diagnosis was that of primary pulmonary leiomyosarcoma. The resected lobe had a liver-like hard consistency due to extended infiltration of blood resulting from hemorrhages within the tissue located in and around the tumoral mass. Microscopically, the tumor was composed of the spindle-shaped cells with multinucleation along with some clear cell patterns. Recurrence of the tumor appeared six months after the operation, and a second resection of the recurrent leiomyosarcomatous tissue was performed. The patient is still alive for 1 year and 6 months after the first operation.
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PMID:[A case of pulmonary rupture with primary pulmonary leiomyosarcoma--management by emergency surgical intervention]. 143 8

An intracerebral hematoma (ICH) developed in a patient during diagnostic evaluation for hemoptysis and guaiac-positive stools. Tissue obtained from colonic polyps, a pregastric mass, and cerebrum had features of poorly differentiated leiomyosarcoma. Only three other cases of pathologically confirmed cerebral metastasis of leiomyosarcoma are reported in the literature. The presence of cerebral metastasis at the time of the initial diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma and the associated ICH are features unique to this case.
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PMID:Leiomyosarcoma metastatic to the brain: case report and literature review. 398 22

Primary tumors of the lung rarely occur in children. However, 230 well-documented cases, including the 2 presented in this review, have been identified in the English-language literature. One hundred fifty-one tumors in these reports were classified as malignant lesions and 79 as benign neoplasms. Bronchial "adenomas" constituted the largest group; most of these lesions were of the carcinoid variety, and 8% were definitely malignant. Forty-seven cases of bronchogenic carcinoma were reported in children under 16 years of age, although there were few squamous cell tumors (12%). Fifty-six percent of the benign tumors were classified as inflammatory pseudotumor. Most of the children in this collective series were seen with symptoms related to bronchial irritation or obstruction, such as cough, hemoptysis, atelectasis, or pneumonitis. Respiratory distress was an unusual symptom that was often associated with large tumors seen in the neonatal period. Approximately 20% of the children were totally symptomatic. The limited survival data that are available indicate that leiomyosarcoma and mucoepidermoid carcinoma have a more favorable prognosis in children than in adults. Survival with bronchial carcinoid tumors (90%), bronchogenic carcinoma (30%), and pulmonary blastoma (45%) appears to parallel that for adults. The experience with pulmonary rhabdomyosarcoma, as described in this review, emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis and the use of combined modes of therapy in the approach to these malignancies. Despite the rarity of primary pulmonary neoplasms in children, this diagnosis should be considered in young patients with solitary pulmonary masses or persistent, atypical pulmonary symptoms. It is hoped that early diagnosis will result in an improved prognosis and prevent life-threatening complications.
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PMID:Primary pulmonary neoplasms of childhood: a review. 634 22

A case of leiomyoma of the lung was described by our department 17 years ago. We now report three new cases of smooth muscle tumours of the lower respiratory tract: a leiomyoma of the lung, a leiomyosarcoma of the right main bronchus, and a leiomyoma of the trachea. Whereas in the previous case the tumour was bronchoscopically removed, all the recent tumours were surgically resected. All the patients have done well, including the one with the leiomyosarcoma who underwent surgery 7.5 years ago. One hundred and eighty cases of leiomyoma and leiomyosarcoma of the lung and trachea have been reported to date. Pulmonary leiomyoma most commonly presents as an asymptomatic solitary lung nodule. The endobronchial variety may cause cough, haemoptysis, or shortness of breath. Most of these tumours were dealt with by major pulmonary resection, although a lesser resection would have sufficed in many cases if a histological diagnosis had been established prior to surgery. Pulmonary leiomyosarcoma may occur at any age, and is much more common in females. The majority of the patients have thoracic symptoms. These neoplasms seem resistant to chemotherapy or radiotherapy and should be treated by radical resection whenever possible, which results in a 45% 5-year survival rate. Only seven cases of leiomyosarcoma and 12 cases of leiomyoma of the trachea have been reported. These usually cause respiratory obstruction and/or haemoptysis. The malignant as well as the benign tumour is probably best treated by complete surgical resection.
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PMID:Review of smooth muscle tumours of the lower respiratory tract. 638 29

A case of polypoid sarcoma of the pulmonary trunk is described in an 80-year-old woman who had a 21-year history of episodic chest pain and hemoptysis. Ultrastructural examination revealed Z bands, characteristic of rhabdomyosarcoma, and leptomeric organelles. This is the 60th reported case of sarcoma of the pulmonary trunk. Symptoms in reported cases were variable, usually caused by tumor emboli to the lungs or by right ventricular outflow obstruction. Angiography was diagnostic. The tumor was characteristically polypoid, often multicentric, and by definition was fixed to the pulmonary trunk or valves. Non-differentiated sarcoma (often uniquely pleomorphic) was found in 37% of patients, leiomyosarcoma (once confirmed by electron microscopy) in 17%, myxosarcoma in 13%, elements of rhabdomyosarcoma in 8%, fibrosarcoma in 8%, elements of chondrosarcoma in 11%, and 5% were malignant mesenchymomas. The authors suggest that these tumors originate from the undifferentiated tissues of the bulbus cordis and propose the name myenchymoma for the tumor.
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PMID:Polypoid sarcoma of the pulmonary trunk: analysis of the literature and report of a case with leptomeric organelles and ultrastructural features of rhabdomyosarcoma. 738 74

Three pulmonary resections were performed for two cases of metastatic lung tumor from uterine leiomyosarcoma. Case 1 was diagnosed as myoma uteri. Preoperative chest X-ray examination showed an abnormal shadow in the left upper lobe. Postoperative diagnosis was leiomyosarcoma. During radiotherapy for the pelvic lesion, the lung tumor was growing very rapidly and micrometastases were detected bilaterally without distant metastasis. Bilateral pulmonary resections were performed. Three months and 15 days later, second left pulmonary and thoracic wall resections were performed because of lung and pleural recurrence. Seven months after the first pulmonary operation, she died of systemic metastases. Case 2 was admitted to the hospital because of genital bleeding and diagnosed leiomyosarcoma of the uterus. The patient had a metastatic lung tumor in the left lower lobe preoperatively. Eighteen days after hysterectomy, left lower lobectomy was performed because progressive hemoptysis occurred for rapidly enlarged metastatic lesion. She died of intrapelvic bleeding three months after the operation without respiratory symptom. The prognosis of synchronously found out lung metastasis from uterine leiomyosarcoma is very poor. Neither chemotherapy nor radiotherapy is effective. Although it's difficult and controversial to decide the surgical indication, we need to operate on as soon as possible when there is no other distant metastasis. Even if the timing of operation is late, we can find the surgical significance of pulmonary resection for reduction of respiratory symptoms and probability of longer survival.
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PMID:[Two cases of metastatic lung tumor from leiomyosarcoma of the uterus]. 805 42

A case of pulmonary leiomyosarcoma originating in the left pulmonary artery stem in a 28-year-old Japanese man is reported. The patient complained of recurrent hemoptysis. The diagnosis was made at exploratory thoracotomy. Two days following thoracotomy, under cardio-pulmonary bypass, the upper one-third of the pulmonary trunk and part of the right pulmonary artery stem were resected and left pneumonectomy was performed. A Dacron prosthetic 23 mm composite graft was inserted to replace the pulmonary trunk and a portion of the right pulmonary artery. Postoperative course was uneventful. The patient died about 8 months after surgery because of right lung metastases. In our review of surgically treated forty-eight cases, complete resection was performed in 11, incomplete resection in 23, and embolectomy in 6, whereas 8 were unresectable. A localisation often not allowing adequate resection of the tumor or the advanced stage of the tumor at surgery are considered the main causes of the poor prognosis of the pulmonary sarcoma.
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PMID:Primary pulmonary-artery sarcoma. Report of a case with complete resection and graft replacement, and review of 47 surgically treated cases reported in the literature. 818 99

Endobronchial metastasis (EM) from nonpulmonary tumors is uncommon. A 9-year retrospective study at the University Hospital Vall d'Hebron (Barcelona, Spain) identified 32 patients with EM. All but four cases were diagnosed by fiberoptic bronchoscopy with bronchial biopsy. Primary tumors included the following types: breast cancer (20), colorectal cancer (3), melanoma (2), gastric cancer (1), neuroblastoma of the olfactory nerve (1), abdominal leiomyosarcoma (1), hypernephroma (1), endometrial carcinoma (1), papillary thyroid cancer (1), and hepatocarcinoma (1). Median age at diagnosis of EM was 58.7 years and median interval from the diagnosis of the primary tumor to the diagnosis of EM was 50.4 months. Seventeen patients (53%) had evidence of other metastatic sites at endobronchial relapse. The more common clinical manifestations included cough (37.5%), haemoptysis (28%), dyspnea (18.7%), and recurrent pulmonary infections (6.2%). Eight patients (25%) had no symptoms. There appears to be a predilection for metastatic involvement of the right and left upper lobe bronchus. Treatment was instituted in 20 patients, and their median survival was 11 months, in comparison with the 3 months found in 12 patients who received only palliative therapy because of advanced disseminated disease. Breast cancer is the most common tumor causing EM. The prognosis of patients with EM depends on the type of the primary tumor and the presence of other metastatic sites. Treatment must be individualized.
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PMID:Endobronchial metastatic disease: analysis of 32 cases. 869 37

Leiomyosarcoma is an uncommon malignant tumour of the pancreas. Many retroperitoneal leiomyosarcomas grow silently and are extremely large when diagnosed. We report a 45 year old lady who presented with abdominal lump and haemoptysis. Ultrasound guided biopsy of the mass revealed a pancreatic leiomyosarcoma. The patient had lung metastasis and received chemotherapy. She is alive with disease at last followup.
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PMID:Pancreatic leiomyosarcoma in a middle-aged lady. 982 13


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