Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019079 (hemoptysis)
 6,129 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Lipoid pneumonia, first described by Laughlen 1925 may be classified as endogenous or exogenous. The endogenous form is seen when fat is deposited into the lung tissue. It is usually associated with proximal obstructive lesions, necrotic tissue after radio- or chemotherapy, with lipid storage disease or hyperlipidemia . Exogenous lipoid pneumonia results from inhaling or aspirating animal, vegetable or mineral oil. There are usually some underlying neurological defects or esophageal abnormalities. Patients may present with cough, sputum, hemoptysis and chest pain or may be asymptomatic. There is no classic chest film appearance: it may appear as diffuse airspace infiltration or localized consolidation simulating tumour. Computed tomography is diagnostically helpful and shows hypodense areas measuring from -100 to - 30 Hounsfield units. Bronchoscopic biopsies are mandatory for histological confirmation of the diagnosis. Treatment of exogenous lipoid pneumonia has always been conservative by discontinuing the use of oil, correction of underlying defects that may favor aspiration and treatment of intercurrent pneumonia. Other measures, for example corticosteroid therapy, are of uncertain benefit. Complications of lipoid pneumonia that worsen prognosis are recurrent bacterial pneumonias including nontuberculous mycobacteria or aspergillus, or lung cancer that has developed in areas of pre-existing exogenous lipoid pneumonia.
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PMID:[Lipoid pneumonia - an underestimated syndrome]. 2002 81

BACKGROUND Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a type of venous thromboembolism with diverse clinical and environmental risk factors. Very few cases of DVT with multiple high risk factors have been reported. Here, we report an uncommon DVT case with multiple etiological causes, including appendicitis/appendectomy, morbid obesity, immobilization, positive phosphatidylserine IgG, and heterozygous factor V Leiden mutation. CASE REPORT A 43-year-old female was brought to the emergency room because of 2-week history of pain and swelling and ultrasound revealing evidence of DVT in the right leg. One month ago, she underwent an exploratory laparotomy because of subacute appendicitis. After surgery, the patient stayed at home in bed with very limited activity. She did not have a cough, hemoptysis, chest pain, or shortness of breath. She was morbidly obese, and had a past medical history of diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. A full coagulation workup was completed, including Protein C, Protein S, and antiphospholipid antibody, as well as factor V and prothrombin gene mutation screen. Her D-dimer was positive. Computed tomography (CT) angiography of the lungs ruled out major emboli but was unable to rule out minor emboli. A heterozygous factor V Leiden R506Q mutation was detected. Of interest was a significantly positive phosphatidylserine IgG with a value of over 42. She was started with enoxaparin (120 mg, twice a day), and warfarin was added on day 2 when pulmonary embolism was ruled out by CT angiography. The International Normalized Ratio (INR) was monitored daily to adjust warfarin dose. CONCLUSIONS Multiple etiological factors present in this patient may have contributed to her lower-limb DVT, including appendicitis/appendectomy, morbid obesity, immobilization, positive phosphatidylserine IgG, and factor V Leiden mutation. Therefore, it is important to follow the complete workup for hypercoagulable states. This can help with diagnosis and therapy, and also give insight into the pathogenicity, which can help with prevention of recurrence and severe complications of DVT.
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PMID:An Uncommon Case of Lower Limb Deep Vein Thrombosis with Multiple Etiological Causes. 2834 60

Our patient is a 67-year-old male with a past medical history significant for hypertension and hyperlipidemia came to a hospital with hemoptysis. He was also having cough and shortness of breath for the last 1 month. He said that his hemoptysis was about 1 cup per day mixed with yellowish sputum. He noticed around 20 pounds of weight loss in the last 1 month. He also complained of night sweats but had no fever. He had no history of travel outside the USA. He has never been incarcerated before, but he endorsed that his son has been to Jail before and he visited him twice a year in patient's home. But he also said that his son has never been diagnosed with TB. He smoked 1.5 packs per day for the last 50 years and quit smoking 2 months ago. His medication include hydrochlorothiazide, lisinopril, gabapentin, aspirin and trazodone. On examination, vital signs were within the normal range except a hearty rate of 106 beats/minute. He had slightly pale conjunctiva, non-icteric sclera and had wet tongue and buccal mucosa. There was decreased air entry with crepitations in the right side of the posterior chest but no wheezes or rales. No peripheral lymphadenopathy, no peripheral edema or sign of fluid collection in the abdomen. Chest x ray showed multiple cavitary lesion in the right upper lobe area. CT scan of the chest with PE protocol showed pulmonary venous partial thrombosis in the right upper lobe. Multiple cavitary lesions with hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy. There are also smaller nodular lesions in the left chest too. Small right pleural effusion with multiple calcified granulomata in the left upper lobe. QuantiFERON gold test was found to be positive. Sputum AFB smear was found to be strongly positive and it is sensitive to rifampin. Echocardiography showed no valvular lesions with preserved ejection fraction (>65%) and normal right ventricular size and normal right ventricular systolic pressure. Liver enzymes and renal function tests were found within the normal limit. HIV test was negative. Patient was started with intensive phase anti-tuberculosis treatment with rifampin, isoniazid, ethambutol, pyrazinamide with vitamin B6. He was also started with anticoagulation with heparin and warfarin considering the tuberculosis being the cause of the pulmonary vein thrombosis. Patient was also given supportive treatment and he made a gradual improvement and was discharged with anti-tuberculosis treatment and warfarin. Patient needed to be placed on a higher dose of warfarin as it was difficult to keep him therapeutic with lower doses. He was also advised to follow with infectious disease and anticoagulation clinic. Patient was found to have a significant increase in liver enzymes and bilirubin on follow up and the anti-TB medications were stopped to be restarted one by one with a follow up of his liver enzymes and liver function tests. He was also continued with warfarin.
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PMID:Pulmonary vein thrombosis secondary to tuberculosis in a non-HIV infected patient. 3056 51