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Query: UMLS:C0019079 (hemoptysis)
 6,129 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

107 Consecutive patients with rheumatic valvular heart disease (41 males, 66 females, average age 24.2 years) being followed at an Ethiopian cardiology referral clinic were examined and questioned about their experience of hemoptysis. 51 Patients (48%) gave a history of hemoptysis; 11 described their usual hemoptysis as frank blood, 40 as blood-streaked sputum. 29 patients had frequent hemoptysis, 13 had several episodes, and 9 only 1 occurrence. Prevalence of hemoptysis did not vary significantly by sex, physical findings, New York Heart Association classification, or valvular lesion, including the presence or absence of mitral stenosis. A majority (64) had been tested for tuberculosis, with 5 having been treated for active disease. Hemoptysis is a common manifestation of rheumatic heart disease, and is usually well tolerated.
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PMID:Hemoptysis in rheumatic heart disease. 129 42

Quantification of heart failure is possible with hemodynamic parameters such as cardiac output and filling pressure at rest and during exercise. These parameters can easily but invasively be achieved by floating catheter measurements. In our experience, the risk of this method is low but existent. In greater than 20 000 patients with chronic diseases no death occurred in connection with the procedure; 26 patients developed ventricular fibrillation or ventricular tachycardias which made defibrillation necessary in 10 of these patients. In three patients asystolia demanded resuscitation. Hemoptysis did not occur. In the acute stage of a disease, e.g. in the acute myocardial infarction, the risk may be higher, especially if the catheter remains in the circulation for longer periods. The possibilities and limitations of the method will be discussed for the following patient groups: (1) Patients with acute myocardial infarction, (2) Postinfarction patients, (3) Patients with cardiomyopathies, (4) Patients with valvular heart disease.
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PMID:Does exercise testing with invasive measurements of cardiac output and pressure really contribute? 684 Jan 19

Haemoptysis is rarely reported following coitus, and cardiac decompensation has been mostly implicated in the aetiology. We present a 53-year-old Nigerian, known hypertensive diabetic woman with background ischaemic heart disease who presented with postcoital haemoptysis of one-year duration. Echocardiography revealed combined ischaemic and mitral valvular heart disease, probably of rheumatic aetiology. There has been no previous report in an African population. This case illustrates the need to rule out coitus as a rare but potential cause of haemoptysis in middle aged patients with underlying cardiac pathologies and the need for an extensive cardiac workup in a population with predominantly pulmonary causes of haemoptysis.
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PMID:Postcoital haemoptysis: a case report and a review of the literature. 2373 97

Mediastinal cysts (MC) mainly have an embryonic origin, are benign and frequently discovered thanks to tomodensitometry, sometimes by magnetic resonance imaging. Rarely symptomatic, excepted in cases of very large cysts, they are mainly pleuropericardic cysts (PPC) that represent 30% of MC Surgery is commonly performed by videothoracoscopy or by video-assisted mini-thoracotomy, mainly for PPC We report the case of a 62-year-old woman, smoker (30 packs years), who is hospitalized in Constanta Pneumology Hospital in June 2011 for slight shortness of breath, sweating, pain in the left hemi thorax, minor hemoptysis, recurrent. In her medical history, there are to be noticed a blood transfusion after hysterectomy for uterine fibroma (1995), arterial hypertension (2006). After admission, X-ray exam of the chest shows cardiomegaly and a few lung nodular lesions in the right upper lobe. An initial differential diagnosis includes congestive heart failure, dilated cardiomyopathy, valvular heart disease, left pleurisy, pericarditis, paracardiac tumor mass, tuberculosis +/- HIV. Following laboratory tests imaging (chest CT and ultrasound performed in June 26th 2011 and 27h) a possible pleuropericardic cyst was suspected. Exploratory thoracentesis was not performed and, a month later, in the Institute of Pulmonology "Marius Nasta" Bucharest, a left open thoracotomy revealed a cystic formation about 10 cm in diameter. Histopathologic exam confirmed the diagnosis of cyst pleuropericardic. The prognosis after surgery was favorable. As a feature of the case are worth mentioning: the large size of pericardial cyst at the upper limit of the data reported in the literature, which mimics cardiomegaly, the hemoptoic onset in a hypertensive patient, heavy smoker; the late suspicion of pleuropericardic cyst through pleural echographic exam; the atypical localization; the facilitated certain diagnosis by surgery and hystological exam; the favorable postoperative prognosis; and all morbidities cofound (Pulmonary Tuberculosis, bronchiectasis, COPD).
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PMID:Giant left-sided pleuropericardial cyst, mimicking a heart disease. 2378 71

Lesions of the heart valves are the commonest acquired cardiac abnormalities seen in pediatric age group. In India, the underlying cause for most valvular diseases is chronic rheumatic heart disease (RHD). The aim of evaluation of patients with valvular heart disease is not only to make a diagnosis, but also to decide the management plan. The pediatrician or physician is usually the first health care provider to whom such patients (or their parents) report. It is therefore imperative that the general physician and pediatricians are well versed with valvular heart diseases. Valvular abnormalities produce characteristic murmurs and a bedside diagnosis is possible in majority. However, further investigations such as X ray of the chest and an ECG are useful tools to refine the diagnosis. Echocardiography is now widely available to most of the patients in India and is very useful for assessing the severity of valve lesion and to identify the underlying etiology. Serial echocardiography is instrumental in deciding the timing of intervention. Mitral valve is most commonly affected followed by aortic; in some patients both valves may be affected. The valve may not close properly, resulting in regurgitation of blood flow in reverse direction or does not open fully (stenosis). In mitral regurgitation (MR), the blood flows in the reverse direction. MR can occur secondary to several causes, but in India, the commonest cause is RHD. Patient may remain asymptpmatic for a long period of time. Symptoms include fatigue, palpitations and later exertional breathlessness. MR typically produces a pansystolic murmur at apex, which may radiate to left axilla. Surgical intervention is reserved for all symptomatic patients with severe MR. Valve repair is preferred over prosthetic valve replacement. Mitral stenosis (MS) is almost always due to RHD. Severe MS results in pulmonary hypertension, right ventricular failure and tricuspid regurgitation. Patients are often symptomatic with dyspnea. Hemoptysis may occur. A typical rumbling mid diastolic murmur is the hallmark of MS. Balloon mitral valvotomy, performed in the catheterization lab, is recommended for severe MS.
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PMID:Evaluation of Acquired Valvular Heart Disease by the Pediatrician: When to Follow, When to Refer for Intervention? Part I. 2614 45