Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019079 (hemoptysis)
 6,129 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 49-year-old man suffered massive necrosis of the lung subsequent to a pneumococcal lobar pneumonia. Development of massive hemoptysis required emergency lobectomy. The patient is doing well six months after surgery. Pulmonary gangrene is a rare but grave complication of the lobar pneumonia. Both pneumococcal and Klebsiella pneumonias may progress to massive pulmonary gangrene despite antibiotic treatment. Survival seems to depend on the surgical removal of the necrotic tissue, which removes the danger of sudden massive hemoptysis.
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PMID:Massive pulmonary gangrene. 89 47

In the literature only 13 cases of voluminous necrosis of lung tissue, generally referred to as massive pulmonary gangrene, could be found. This disease constitutes an unusual, very severe complication of lobar pneumonia, mostly due to Klebsiella. This type of pneumonia generally affects old or otherwise debilitated persons, quite often chronic alcoholics. It has a high lethality of 20%. Our own observation in a 48-year-old man is presented. He suffered from recurrent massive hemoptysis in relation with a huge cavity of the right lung, filled with necrotic lung tissue. Following right pneumonectomy empyema developed, also due to Klebsiella; it was successfully treated with thoracic fenestration according to Clagett. Knowledge of this severe infrequent complication of pneumonia is necessary since it requires early operative treatment: Out of the 14 patients four were treated medically only and died, while the remaining ten underwent surgery and were all cured.
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PMID:[Massive lung necrosis in klebsiella pneumonia (so-called massive lung gangrene)]. 699 Apr 84

A 79 years old patient developed a large pulmonary aspergilloma in the cavities of his right upper lobe after postinfarctional pneumonia with local abscess formation. The clinical follow-up was characterized by recurrent hemoptysis resulting in marked anemia as well as by a continuous growth of the mycetoma. Suddenly a purulent gangrene of the whole upper lobe occurred infected by actinomyces israelii and staphylococcus but not aspergillus as it could be demonstrated in specimens from repeated transthoracic needle aspirations. After percutaneously inserted chest-tube drainage during 30 days the upper lobe cavity cleared up and the previously impressive aspergilloma had disappeared completely, however, the serum precipitins from aspergillus fumigatus still remained positive. After a course of several months without further pulmonary complications the patient finally died from a ruptured aortic aneurysm. It is suggested, that the spontaneous lysis of the aspergilloma was due to a deprivation of it' nutritive basis by the infected pulmonary tissue. A similar mechanism may also account for a sometimes successful treatment of pulmonary aspergilloma after injection of an amphotericin containing paste as a novel therapeutic strategy which is recommended in the case of patient's inoperable conditions.
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PMID:[Spontaneous lysis of pulmonary aspergillosis: "Aspergillus destroyed by Actinomyces"]. 1107 23

Antibacterial therapy is the most important component of the complex management of pyo-destructive forms of LRTI. Since the microbial flora is rather variable and polymorphous, antibiotics used in the treatment of LRTI should be active against both aerobic (especially gramnegative) and anaerobic pathogens. The aim of the study was to prove, on the basis of the bacteriological and clinical findings, the validity of the use of cefoperazone/sulbactam (CS), the only inhibitor-protected cephalosporin, for the monotherapy of patients with LRTI. The trial enrolled 32 patients (29 males and 3 females) with various forms of LRTI, including 22 patients with destructive pneumonia, 8 patients with acute and chronic lung abscesses and 2 patients with lung gangrene. Complications of the main disease such as empyema, bronchopleural fistula, pyopneumothorax and hemoptysis in 63.5% of the patients were recorded. To verify the microbiological diagnoses, bacteriological assay of the sputum, endobronchial secretion or the contents of the abscess and pleural cavities was performed. The main component of the complex conservative treatment was the monotherapy with CS administered intravenously in an average daily dose of 5.9+/-1.59 g divided into 2 portions. The maximum daily dose for the patients with lung gangrene was 12 g. The bacteriological efficacy was evaluated by the ESCMID (1993) criteria. The clinicoroentgenologic efficacy was estimated by regression of the main signs of LRTI. The pathogens of LRTI were isolated and identified in 87.5% of the patients. Nonsporulating anaerobic bacteria such as Prevotella spp., Bacteroidesfragilis, Fusobacterium spp., Peptococcus spp. and Peptostreptococcus spp. were isolated from 24 (75%) of them. AD the anaerobic organisms proved to be susceptible to CS (100%). As for the aerobic organisms, 85.5% of them was susceptible to CS. The clinical effect of the antibacterial therapy in 29 (90.6%) patients was registered. In 20 patients (64.5%) both clinical and roentgenologic cure was shown. The lethal outcome in 1 patient (3.1%) was stated.
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PMID:[Clinical and bacteriological substantiation of the use of cefoperazone/sulbactam in complex therapy of patients with pyo-destructive forms of lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI)]. 1562 99

Necrotizing pneumonia is a rare complication of community-acquired pneumonia associated with destruction of the lung tissue during the infection and rise of necrotic foci in consolidated areas. Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Nocardia, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Streptococcus pneumoniae are the most common causative agents. Risk factors for developing necrotizing pneumonia include smoking, alcoholism, old age, diabetes mellitus, chronic lung diseases or liver disease. Diagnosis of necrotizing pneumonia requires supportive care, use of broad-spectrum antibiotics and monitoring for sepsis and respiratory failure. Hemoptysis, abscess, empyema and gangrene are possible complications and surgical intervention may be required. The authors present a clinical case of pneumococcal necrotizing pneumonia in a patient without important risk factors and favourable progression with medical therapy. In this regard, a brief bibliographic review about this pathology is also made.
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PMID:[Necrotizing pneumonia - a rare complication]. 2288 49