Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019079 (hemoptysis)
 6,129 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Granular cell tumors (GCTs) are uncommon neoplasm. They can originate in any part of the body. The most common sites of origin are in the head and neck, while the larynx is a relatively uncommon location. Patients affected with a laryngeal GCT typically present with persistent hoarseness, stridor, hemoptysis, dysphagia, and otalgia but, the tumor may be asymptomatic. Care must be taken to differentiate this lesion from others due to the presence of pseudo-epitheliomatous hyperplasia which overlies the GCT and may occasionally mimic squamous cell carcinoma. Therefore, a confirmative diagnosis should be made histopathologically and should be supported by immunohistochemical staining. These tumors are treated by complete surgical resection. Examining the complete removal of the tumor through securing a negative free margin is considered to be a consequential procedure. We experienced a 64-yr-old man with a laryngeal granular cell tumor involving the right true vocal cord. He was treated by surgical resection under a fine dissection laryngomicroscope. Here we present this case and a review of literature.
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PMID:Granular cell tumor on larynx. 2037 4

A 60-year-old man complaining of pyrexia and hemoptysis was diagnosed with a squamous cell carcinoma in his right lung. He underwent a right lower lobectomy with lymph node dissection. Following chest tube removal, he suffered from pyrexia and hemoptysis necessitating CT-scans which detected a pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysm (PAP). An emergent pulmonary arteriography was performed and the PAP was embolized with microcoils. After six years of follow-up, he has been free from recurrence of both the PAP and lung cancer. PAPs represent a rare, but life-threatening condition. Because of their risk of rupture, emergent intervention is necessary. In the past, PAPs were treated with open repair, but recent advances in endovascular surgery have allowed for a less invasive treatment. In this report, we describe an extremely rare case of PAP after lobectomy for lung cancer that was successfully treated by coil embolization.
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PMID:Pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysm after lung resection successfully treated by coil embolization. 2051 20

A 71-year-old man was admitted to Kanto Central Hospital with hemoptysis. He had had chronic sinusitis and deafness since childhood. Situs inversus, bronchiectasia, and diffuse panbronchiolitis had been also diagnosed at the age of 59. Chest computed tomography demonstrated a 5-cm mass in the anterior mediastinum as well as a 4-cm mass in the upper lobe of the right lung. A transbronchial lung biopsy of the right lung tumor revealed squamous cell carcinoma. Electron microscopic examination of the bronchial epithelial cilia revealed a total defect of both inner and outer dynein arms, leading to a diagnosis of primary ciliary dyskinesia. Biopsy of the mediastinal tumor was not performed. After concurrent chemoradiation therapy, the lung cancer decreased in size partial remission (PR) and the mediastinal tumor disappeared complete remission (CR). Later, a cavity formed in the tumor, where a Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection occurred. He died 1 year after the diagnosis of lung cancer was established. There have been 5 reported cases of Kartagener syndrome complicated with lung cancer, but to the best of our knowledge there have been no reports of Kartagener syndrome with mediastinal tumor.
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PMID:[Kartagener syndrome with lung cancer and mediastinal tumor]. 2056 Apr 40

Primary windpipe tumour is extremely rare. Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common malignant form, especially in smokers. The radiological appearance of these neoplasms can be classified as intra-luminal, wall-thickening, exophytic form; the majority of the lesions are obstructive in nature and then tend to extra-luminal invasion. This tumour is usually diagnosed late on account of delayed specific symptoms: haemoptysis, dyspnoea, coughing, hoarseness, stridor. Surgery, followed by adjuvant radiotherapy, is the treatment of choice; primary radiotherapy, in inoperable cases, can represent a curative management option. A case of primary tracheal cancer is described and a review of the literature is presented.
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PMID:A primary squamous cell carcinoma of the trachea: case report and review of the literature. 2125 87

A 3-y-old male rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) was noticed to be lethargic in the compound. Physical exam revealed cyanotic mucous membranes, dyspnea, bilateral harsh lung sounds, wheezing on expiration, and a firm mass possibly associated with the liver. Radiographs revealed bilateral soft tissue opacities in the thorax. Due to poor prognosis, the rhesus was euthanized, and a necropsy was performed. Both right and left lung lobes were consolidated and had multifocal white-tan masses. On cut section, the masses were firm, had areas of necrosis, hemorrhage, and often contained a tenacious exudate. Masses were identified in the liver and both kidneys. Given the morphologic features of the neoplasm, a diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma was made. Immunohistochemistry staining for thyroid transcription factor, a nuclear transcription factor normally found in lung, thyroid, and tumors arising from either of those tissues, confirmed that the masses originated from the lung. Malignant primary lung tumors are divided into 8 main histologic subtypes: squamous cell carcinoma, small-cell carcinoma, large-cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma, sarcomatoid carcinoma, carcinoid tumor, and salivary gland tumors. Clinical signs associated with lung tumors include, but are not limited to, dyspnea, coughing, hemoptysis, lethargy, anorexia, and weight loss. Although squamous cell carcinoma will be low on the differential list for these clinical signs, we encourage clinicians and researchers to not rule it out solely based on incidence and age of the animal.
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PMID:Spontaneous primary squamous cell carcinoma of the lung in a rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta). 2164 39

Bevacizumab is the first molecularly targeted agent associated with improved outcomes in combination with chemotherapy in previously untreated patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The addition of bevacizumab, a monoclonal antibody against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), to carboplatin and paclitaxel resulted in a significant improvement in overall survival compared with chemotherapy alone; however, bevacizumab is associated with increased risk of severe complications, including hemoptysis, neutropenic fever, and gastrointestinal perforation. Based on the initial observations that patients with squamous cell carcinoma treated with bevacizumab are at high risk for severe and fatal hemoptysis, these patients were not included in subsequent phase III clinical trials involving this agent. Patients with known brain metastases from lung cancer were excluded because of concern for intracranial bleeding. Consequently, nearly half the patients with newly diagnosed metastatic NSCLC are not treated with bevacizumab because of squamous histology or the presence of brain metastasis. This review provides a brief overview of the very limited data available regarding the safety and efficacy of bevacizumab and other VEGF inhibitors in patients with squamous cell histology or brain metastasis and current ongoing research efforts.
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PMID:Treatment of patients excluded from Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group 4599 and AVAiL studies: focus on brain metastasis and squamous histology. 2188

A 45-year-old smoker was referred for evaluation of recent onset streaky hemoptysis and a large cystic lesion in the left lower lobe (LLL). Presence of air trapping in LLL was observed on computed tomography scan of thorax. Prior to completion of diagnostic evaluation, the patient was lost to follow up. On return after a two-month gap, 'disappearance' of the cyst was observed along with complete collapse of LLL. A fibreoptic bronchoscopy revealed presence of a tumor completely occluding the LLL main bronchus and biopsy confirmed presence of squamous cell carcinoma of lung. The temporal clinico-radiological profile suggested a check-valve mechanism resulting from endobronchial obstruction as the primary mechanism for cyst formation. This case highlights the need to consider malignant endobronchial obstruction as the likely etiology among heavy smokers presenting with symptomatic solitary lung cysts.
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PMID:Lung cyst caused by centrally located bronchogenic carcinoma. 2232 73

Teflon-coated pledgeted sutures can be used to reinforce the bronchial anastomosis site following a pulmonary resection in order to prevent bronchopleural fistula formation. The authors describe the case of a 42-year-old woman with recurrent haemoptysis secondary to the erosion of a pledgeted suture through the distal trachea. The pledgeted suture was used to reinforce a defect in the wall of the distal trachea after a right upper lobectomy for stage 2a squamous cell carcinoma. Surgically, a completion pneumonectomy with carinal reconstruction was thought necessary to treat the haemoptysis. Given her age and potential surgical morbidities, the decision was made to perform serial bronchoscopies with careful pruning and eventual removal of the pledget by using the cryoprobe and a flexible scissors. This resulted in the eventual removal of the suture. Follow-up bronchoscopy 4 weeks postremoval demonstrated no residual defect on the airway wall.
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PMID:Teflon haemoptysis. 2260 9

Spontaneous excavation of primary lung cancer is common; however cavitation of metastatic lung lesions is rare and usually confused with benign lesions. In Moroccan context tuberculosis is the first suspected diagnosis of lung excavations. We report a rare case of cavitary lung metastasis of a uterine cervix cancer, treated initially as tuberculosis. A 40-year old non-smoking woman with a known history of squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix since August 2005; presented on September 2008 with right chest pain without fever, hemoptysis or weight loss. CT scan showed a thin walled cavity. Empirical Antibiotic therapy was conducted 15 days with poor outcome. Then antibacillary treatment was started with no proof of mycobacterial infection. A month later, the patient presented with gynecological bleeding and a pneumothorax. Bronchoscopy with transbronchial biopsy of the cavitary mass was performed. Pathology demonstrated a metastatic squamous cell carcinoma. Pelvic examination and MRI showed a subsequent local cervix recurrence. Patient underwent 3 courses of systemic chemotherapy. She died on June 2009 due to progressive disease. Even cavitary lung metastases are rare and benign differential diagnosis are more common, clinician should be careful in neoplastic context and investigation should be done to eliminate a recurrence.
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PMID:Unusual case of cavitary lung metastasis from squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix. 2356 Jan 20

Patients with SCLC (Small cell lung cancer) have been treated differently from those with NSCLC (New-small cell lung cancer) as a different disease. Recently, even patients with NSCLC are treated differently according to histological subtypes. This change is associated with the development of new drugs, particularly molecular-targeted drugs. Because Bevacizumab can cause serious adverse effects, patients with squamous cell carcinoma histology and a history of hemoptysis are contraindicated for this drug. Pemetrexed has been approved with an anti-mesothelioma drug and was confirmed to be effective for NSCLC. However, its efficacy was not equally proved among the histological subtypes; only adenocarcinoma patients showed shorter progression-free and prolonged survival periods. Regarding tyrosine kinase inhibitors, the targeted gene alterations occur specifically in adenocarcinoma. Based on these findings, the current therapeutic strategy for NSCLC is based on the histological subtype and mutational status of EGFR and ALK. In this article, transition of the therapeutic strategy for NSCLC, characteristics of targeted gene alterations and efficacies of the targeted therapy are reviewed.
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PMID:[Recent changes in the therapeutic strategy for NSCLC in association with new anti-cancer agents]. 2385 89


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