Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019079 (hemoptysis)
 6,129 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twenty-four patients with bronchial adenoma seen over a 20-year period are reviewed. Follow-up data was available in all patients. They included 19 with carcinoid, 2 with adenoid-cystic carcinoma, and 3 with muco-epidermoid carcinoma. Recurrent pulmonary infection, cough and hemoptysis were the most common clinical manifestations. Surgical resection was performed in all but one patient, who was treated by irradiation; bronchoplastic and conservative resectional procedures were used in 5 patients with carcinoid adenoma. Carcinoid tumors are considered to be very slowly-growing malignant neoplasms that sometimes give rise to metastases to regional lymph nodes. Such metastases were present in only one patient. All patients are alive and well. Adenoid-cystic carcinoma is a more aggressive tumor with a tendency to recur. Much of the difficulty in its treatment is due to its close proximity to the bifurcation of the trachea. One patient was operated upon three times for local recurrences and ultimately died from respiratory failure after the third operation. The other patient received radiation therapy with cobalt and is well, without recurrence, 3 years after the treatment. The 3 muco-epidermoid carcinomas were histologically similar to such tumors of salivary glands but behaved clinically like highly malignant tumors, no patients surviving 8 months after resection. The term bronchial adenoma is a misnomer. The neoplasms grouped under this heading should be called carcinoid adenoma, adenoid-cystic carcinoma, and muco-epidermoid carcinoma and considered as separate entities, since the ultimate course and prognosis is definitely different.
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PMID:[Bronchial adenoma]. 19 6

Experience in the management of primary tracheal tumors remains small because of their rarity. Adenoidcystic carcinoma (40%) and squamous cell carcinoma off%) are the most common histologies. They present with signs of airway obstruction or hemoptysis and are delineated by bronchoscopy, tomography, and CT scan. Two thirds of all tracheal tumors are resectable, followed by airway reconstruction. Postoperative irradiation appears to be indicated for malignant tumors. Surgical mortality in 147 resections was 5%, with most deaths following carinal reconstruction. Twenty of 41 patients with squamous cell carcinomas who underwent resection are alive without disease (some for more than 25 years) and 39 of 52 with adenoidcystic carcinoma (some for as long as 19 years).
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PMID:Management of tumors of the trachea. 838 May 44

Endobronchial laser therapy has been performed at Knightswood Hospital, Glasgow since 1983. During the period 1983 to 1990, 62 patients underwent a total of 149 laser treatments. The principal indications for therapy were tracheo-carinal stridor (24%), dyspnoea due to bronchial occlusion (60%) and haemoptysis (13%). Squamous carcinoma accounted for 80% of the lesions. Over 75% of patients had already received some form of prior therapy (radiotherapy 71%, chemotherapy 8%, surgical resection 11%). Laser therapy reduced stridor in 67% of patients with tracheal and carinal tumours and produced symptomatic improvement in 72% of patients with bronchial obstruction but without evidence of lobar collapse. Haemoptysis was controlled in all but one of patients treated. Two patients (3.2%) died during laser treatment following severe haemorrhage.
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PMID:Laser therapy for endobronchial tumours. 149 4

A case treated with silicone stent for bronchial granulomatous stenosis caused by anastomosis after right upper sleeve lobectomy was reported. A 68-year-old man complained of atelectasis of right upper lobe due to squamous cell carcinoma was admitted to our department. We performed right upper sleeve lobectomy. Four weeks after the operation, hemoptysis and dyspnea appeared with developing local empyema. We performed closure of pleural fistula and thoracoplasty, however, did not improve the symptoms. We performed tracheotomy for deteriorating dyspnea. In addition, granulomatous stenosis of bronchial anastomotic site was observed endoscopically. We tried to insert silicone stent into stenotic site. Although, first trial was in failure, we modified the design of the stent and succeeded in fixation of the stent. The airway was completely re-opened and good patency had been maintained for 7 months until his death due to pneumonia.
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PMID:[A case of bronchial anastomotic stenosis after right upper sleeve lobectomy treated with silicone stent]. 177 97

Two hundred and ninety-three bronchoscopies were done for 285 patients (78% males, 22% females) at Hospital University Sains Malaysia between 1984 and 1988. The mean age was 56.4 years (range 13 to 90 years). 70.2% of patients underwent bronchoscopies to confirm or exclude the diagnosis of carcinoma of the bronchus, out of which 58% were confirmed to have bronchial carcinoma. 77% of the 98 patients with visible endobronchial tumours had biopsy specimens diagnostic of malignancy. Brushing and washing cytology increased the positive yield to 92%. The commonest histological type of bronchial carcinoma identified was squamous cell carcinoma (48.1%), followed by small cell carcinoma (27.1%), anaplastic/undifferentiated carcinoma (12.9%), adenocarcinoma (9.4%) and large cell carcinoma (2.4%). Bronchoscopy for the investigation of haemoptysis identified the commonest cause as 'bronchitis'. There were no complications noted in our series. Notable differences of our experience compared to that of the western series were the high percentage of bronchoscopy done for infective respiratory disorders and the younger age of our patients.
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PMID:Fibreoptic bronchoscopy--a Malaysian experience. 201

A 69-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with a complaint of cough and hemoptysis. His chest X-ray showed an obstruction of the right intermediate bronchus and resultant atelectasis of the middle and lower lobes. Cytological examination by bronchoscopy showed squamous cell carcinoma. Although the cancer involvement of the left atrium could not be clearly defined by preoperative chest CT scan, the cancer invasion to the left atrial wall was recognized intraoperatively. Right pneumonectomy along with resection and patch reconstruction of the left atrium, right atrium and atrial septum was performed under extracorporeal circulation. Postoperative hemodynamic state was stable, and echocardiography showed normal volume of the left atrium. Histological examination of the resected specimen showed moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma with the involvement of the left and right atrial wall. The resected margins of the left and right atria were free of malignancy. Although he had been clinically in good condition and free from any sign of cancer recurrence, he died of aspiration pneumonia five months after the surgery.
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PMID:[Successful resection and reconstruction of the left atrium, right atrium and atrial septum under extracorporeal circulation in a patient with invasive pulmonary carcinoma]. 220 67

The prognostic staging of cancer in general, and lung cancer in particular, has customarily depended mainly on morphologic distinctions. The gross anatomic extensiveness of cancers is cited with TNM stages that describe the primary tumor (T), spread to regional lymph nodes (N), and metastatic dissemination (M) to distant sites. Microscopic characteristics are cited according to the cancer's cell type (e.g., adenocarcinoma, epidermoid carcinoma) and/or grade of differentiation (e.g., well differentiated, poorly differentiated, anaplastic). Although the clinical manifestations, functional effects, and associated co-morbidity of a cancer are universally recognized as having major prognostic importance, they have not been classified with a standard system of taxonomy. When considered at all, clinical phenomena have been cited with a surrogate index of "performance status" that ignores the underlying clinical dysfunctions while being greatly affected by non-clinical phenomena, such as the patient's psychic status, economic motivations, and system of social support. The current research was done to develop a standard system of taxonomy (or "staging") for the prognostic impact of clinical distinctions in patients with primary lung cancer. Appropriate data were obtained, computer-coded, and analyzed from medical records for the complete clinical course of an inception cohort of 1266 patients who were first treated at either the Yale-New Haven Hospital or the West Haven Veterans Administration Hospital during the interval January 1, 1953-December 31, 1964. The information under analysis included clinical phenomena as well as anatomic extensiveness (TNM stage), microscopic histology, the chronometric duration of the interval from the first symptom of lung cancer to zero time, the iatrotropic reason why the patient sought medical attention, the presence of anemia, the amount of customary cigarette use, and the conventional demographic data for age and gender. The main clinical phenomena were expressed in variables for symptom pattern severity, and co-morbidity. Symptom pattern referred to the existence of specific pulmonic symptoms (e.g., hemoptysis), systemic symptoms (e.g., complaint of weight loss), and metastatic symptoms that might be mediastinal (e.g., superior vena cava syndrome), regional (e.g., the Horner syndrome), or distantly metastatic (e.g., central nervous system). The symptom severity variable included the amount of weight loss, and the existence of severe dyspnea or particularly severe tumor effects (such as mental obtundation, rather than hemiparesis in patients with CNS metastasis). Prognostic co-morbidity was cited for coexisting diseases, such as recurrent myocardial infarctions, that might be more lethal than the lung cancer itself.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:A clinical-severity staging system for patients with lung cancer. 229 74

A 63-year-old male, status post-right pneumonectomy, presented with hemoptysis. Although chest X-ray and CAT scan film findings were negative, bronchoscopy with biopsy from the left mainstem bronchus demonstrated squamous cell carcinoma. Because of the inoperable location of the lesion, the patient was treated with photodynamic therapy (PDT) in February 1984. At present, the patient is cancer free more then 6 years after PDT.
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PMID:Long-term survival of a lung cancer patient treated with photodynamic therapy. 233 8

Fifty-four cases (55 foci) of primary tracheal malignancies were reviewed retrospectively. Radiologic material was available in 32 cases (33 tracheal foci). The most frequent primary malignant tumor of the trachea was squamous cell carcinoma (54.5%), followed by adenoid cystic carcinoma (18%) and adenocarcinoma (9%). The radiologic appearance of the tumors could be divided into intraluminal, wall-thickening, and exophytic forms. Wall-thickening and exophytic forms in this study accounted for 62% of the tumors. This indicates that malignant tumors of the trachea tend to extraluminal invasion. Tomography and computed tomography are the most helpful methods of radiologic examination for tracheal tumors. Bronchoscopy and radiologic examination are complementary procedures. The chief advantage of imaging is the demonstration of tracheal wall thickening and extraluminal changes. Hemoptysis, dyspnea, and cough were the most common symptoms. Four cases (7%) in our series presented as thyroid tumors due to direct extension into the thyroid gland. Fifteen of the 54 cases (28%) were associated with other carcinomas of the head and neck and the lung.
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PMID:Primary malignant tumors of the trachea. A radiologic and clinical study. 238 16

Chemotherapy with bronchial artery infusion (BAI) was given to 34 patients with primary lung cancer. Treatment regimens usually employed cis-diammine-dichloroplatinum (CDDP) plus peplomycin for squamous cell carcinoma, and CDDP plus vindesine for adenocarcinoma. The provisional therapeutic effects were evaluated roentgenographically with reference to histological type, T factor and degree of vascularization. Out of 10 cases of squamous cell carcinoma, 7 cases (70%) showed tumor regression greater than 50%, in contrast to 4 of 17 cases (23.5%) of adenocarcinoma. The effects in cases of squamous cell carcinoma were correlated with tumor vascularity. Twenty-two surgically treated cases were examined for the histological effects of BAI. Five of 6 cases (83.3%) of squamous cell carcinoma showed IIb effects by Shimosato's criteria. These results showed that the therapeutic effect of BAI was excellent in cases of squamous cell carcinoma in comparison with cases of adenocarcinoma. Serious side effects including esophago-bronchial fistula, massive hemoptysis and esophageal ulcer were observed in 4 cases.
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PMID:[Combination chemotherapy including cisplatin in lung cancer by bronchial artery infusion]. 244 36


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