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Query: UMLS:C0019079 (hemoptysis)
 6,129 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A tracheal tumour was discovered by radiology in a 36-year-old man with haemoptysis, bronchitis, and dyspnoea. The tumour was situated 5 cm below the vocal cords. A frozen section of a bronchoscopic biopsy specimen confirmed it to be a neurofibroma. Resection was performed endoscopically.
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PMID:Neurofibroma of the trachea: a case report. 64 33

The development of therapeutic bronchoscopy into diagnostic bronchoscopy is described. Based on a personal experience of more than 35,000 bronchoscopies, attention is given to some important points in diagnosis and therapy. In diagnosis, these factors include: 1) color of mucosa, 2) structure of cartilage, 3) minimal tissue changes (nodules, vessels, folds), 4) tonus, 5) secretion, 6) miscellaneous peculiarities. Therapeutic studies involve: 1) recanalisation (from secretion to foreign body and tumor), 2) scrubbing (in treatment of fibrinous bronchitis and tracheitis, 3) bougies, 4) irrigation, 5) washing (for status asthmaticus, aspiration of gastric contents, etc.), 6) tamponade for persistent hemoptysis.
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PMID:[Diagnostic and therapeutic applications of bronchoscopy (author's transl)]. 91 63

A study of chronic bronchitis was carried out on 195 ex-servicemen from Victoria New South Wales and Queensland. Exacerbations of chest symptoms were commonly found and chronic bronchitis was in important cause of haemoptysis. Weather conditions, especially cold weather, affected chest symptoms and early age of starting to smoke affected the incidence of severe bronchitis. The clinical profiles of the cases studied were similar to those in some of the reports from Canada and Britain.
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PMID:Chronic bronchitis in Victoria, New South Wales and Queensland. 93 20

Serum amylase level was determined in 129 cases (225 episodes) of chronic respiratory failure at acute exacerbation and in 59 cases (62 episodes) of pneumonia without respiratory failure as control. Cases with accompanying diseases, such as acute pancreatitis, parotiditis, ileus and renal dysfunction, which were expected to develop hyperamylasemia were excluded. The 225 episodes were divided according to the causes of acute exacerbation into 4 groups: pneumonia, bronchitis, right heart failure without infection, and others (e. g. hemoptysis). Hyperamylasemia (greater than 400 S-U) was observed in groups of pneumonia (15/40 = 35.5%) and bronchitis (12/95 = 12.6%), respectively but not in those of right heart failure without infection (0/73 = 0%) and other causes (0/17 = 0%). As a result, hyperamylasemia was found only under conditions of inflammation of lung parenchyma and bronchi with acute exacerbation of respiratory failure. On the other hand no hyperamylasemia was observed in 62 episodes of pneumonia alone without respiratory failure. It was concluded that both respiratory tract infection and acute respiratory failure are necessary factors for development of hyperamylasemia originating from lung or bronchi.
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PMID:[Hyperamylasemia in acute exacerbation of patients with chronic respiratory failure]. 138 26

We reviewed the records of 264 patients who underwent fiberoptic bronchoscopy for unexplained hemoptysis to determine the various causes of hemoptysis. Bronchogenic carcinoma (29%), bronchitis (23%), and idiopathic hemoptysis (22%) accounted for the majority of causes of hemoptysis. In contrast to older studies, the incidence of hemoptysis secondary to tuberculosis and bronchiectasis has decreased. Although our patient population is predominantly male and elderly, our data may well be representative of more recent epidemiologic trends in causes of hemoptysis.
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PMID:A reappraisal of the causes of hemoptysis. 174 2

Hemoptysis is not considered as an hemorrhagic complication of portal hypertension. We report a patient with liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension who developed a hitherto unreported porto-pulmonary transdiaphragmatic collaterality many years after splenectomy. Life threatening hemoptysis complicated this unusual shunt after banal bronchitis. A proximal splenorenal shunt was performed and was completely effective at 26 months.
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PMID:[Severe hemoptysis due to portal hypertension. Responsibility of acquired splenopulmonary shunt and treatment by proximal splenorenal anastomosis]. 178 54

Two hundred and ninety-three bronchoscopies were done for 285 patients (78% males, 22% females) at Hospital University Sains Malaysia between 1984 and 1988. The mean age was 56.4 years (range 13 to 90 years). 70.2% of patients underwent bronchoscopies to confirm or exclude the diagnosis of carcinoma of the bronchus, out of which 58% were confirmed to have bronchial carcinoma. 77% of the 98 patients with visible endobronchial tumours had biopsy specimens diagnostic of malignancy. Brushing and washing cytology increased the positive yield to 92%. The commonest histological type of bronchial carcinoma identified was squamous cell carcinoma (48.1%), followed by small cell carcinoma (27.1%), anaplastic/undifferentiated carcinoma (12.9%), adenocarcinoma (9.4%) and large cell carcinoma (2.4%). Bronchoscopy for the investigation of haemoptysis identified the commonest cause as 'bronchitis'. There were no complications noted in our series. Notable differences of our experience compared to that of the western series were the high percentage of bronchoscopy done for infective respiratory disorders and the younger age of our patients.
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PMID:Fibreoptic bronchoscopy--a Malaysian experience. 201

Military physicians can confidently manage hemoptysis with a systematic approach and optimal timing of consultation. Begin with a thorough history, physical examination, and chest x-ray. In our series of 177 cases, a cause for hemoptysis was found in 78% of those with abnormal chest x-rays but in only 21% of those with normal chest x-rays. All 36 cases of bronchogenic carcinoma were associated with an abnormal chest x-ray. A normal chest x-ray was associated with no cause found for the hemoptysis (44 cases) or bronchitis (25 cases), with no carcinomas developing upon a 2-year follow-up. Hospitalization is indicated with excessive bleeding or to allay patient or physician) anxiety. Diagnostic bronchoscopy is usually indicated, especially to localize the bleeding in massive hemoptysis (greater than 600 cc per 24 hours) when surgery may be indicated. Prompt referral should be the rule with bleeding from a mycetoma, diffuse bronchiectasis, or with recurrent significant hemorrhage (greater than 200 cc). In an active-duty population, these instances are fortunately rare, and conservative management and elective referral are the norm.
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PMID:Hemoptysis: a manifestation of pulmonary disease confidently managed by military physicians. 212 94

Ectodermal dysplasia is a rare group of diseases presenting special problems in management for the otolaryngologist, but the full spectrum of otorhinolaryngologic manifestations has been previously unrecognized in the otolaryngologic literature. The anhidrotic form, characterized by deficient sweating, sparse hair growth and deficient teeth, with associated decreased mucous production in the aerodigestive tract leads to chronic upper respiratory tract infections, otitis, dysphagia, hoarseness, bronchitis and sometimes hemoptysis.
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PMID:Ectodermal dysplasia: the otolaryngologic manifestations and management. 221 Sep 53

We report a case of a 62 year old man who presented with effort dyspnoea accompanied by a cough and haemoptysis. The chest radiograph of the thorax showed atelectasis of the right upper lobe. Bronchoscopy showed evidence of a tumour like mass obstructing the right bronchus and this revealed itself to be a mass of organised fibrinous deposit in granulation tissue containing numerous colonies of Aspergillus. In fact it appeared to be an obstructive Aspergillus bronchitis, with a pseudo-tumour appearance attached to a carcinoid tumour which was obstructing the apical segment of the right upper lobe. Obstructive Aspergillus bronchitis makes up only a small percentage of overall respiratory disease caused by Aspergillus. They pose a problem of differential diagnosis with bronchopulmonary aspergillosis which is much more frequent.
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PMID:[Endobronchial aspergillosis associated with a carcinoid tumor]. 227 Mar 53


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