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Query: UMLS:C0019079 (hemoptysis)
 6,129 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Systemic or topical treatment with antifungal agents are applied for the treatment of chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (fungus ball type, mural thickness type). Recently, the concomitant treatment with elastase inhibitor has been studied for the purpose of relieving tissue destruction by inhibiting elastase derived from aspergillus species. In the present study, we have examined the clinical effect of the topical treatment with Amphotericin B in patients with chronic pulmonary aspergillosis, and the concomitant use of Ulinastatin has also been examined in patients with symptoms such as hemosputum and hemoptysis. Amphotericin B was administered by transcatheter intracavity injection or transbronchial intrapulmonary injection. In some patients, inhalation was concomitantly employed. Amphotericin B was challenged by inhalation before starting the topical treatment, and if the patient experienced an asthma like attack, the present therapies were not conducted. Ulinastatin was administered by intravenous drip infusion concomitantly with antifungal agents and hemostatics. As a result, improvements regarding antifungal effects and clinical symptoms were found in 12 out of 15 patients treated with Amphotericin B. Further, early disappearance of hemosputum and hemoptysis was seen in 11 out of 23 episodes in 14 patients concomitantly treated with Ulinastatin. The treatment-related side effects, leading to discontinuation of those therapies, did not occur. Immunoresponse of allergy was studied in the patients ineligible for Amphotericin B topical treatment and the non-responders to Ulinastatin, and aspergillus specific IgE antibodies in serum were increased in the majority of patients. From the above results, it is desirable to carry out the topical treatment in chronic pulmonary aspergillosis. Also, it was considered valuable to apply the concomitant treatment with Ulinastatin, elastase inhibitor, to patients with severe clinical symptoms of hemosputum and hemoptysis.
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PMID:[Treatment of chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (fungus ball type, mural thickness type)]. 907 Oct 95

It is presented the case of pulmonary affectation by varicella in a woman with bronchial asthma. The hemoptysis and the multiple pulmonary nodules presence have been the principal manifestations of this entity. As evolution; to emphasize the of the hemoptysis and the radiological normality.
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PMID:[Multiple pulmonary nodules as a manifestation of varicella]. 958 Jan 78

Five distinct clinical syndromes of pulmonary angiitis and granulomatosis are currently recognized: Wegener granulomatosis, lymphomatoid granulomatosis, necrotizing sarcoid granulomatosis, bronchocentric granulomatosis, and allergic angiitis and granulomatosis (Churg-Strauss syndrome). Patients typically present in middle age with fever, cough, hemoptysis, dyspnea, or chest discomfort. Upper airway involvement such as sinusitis suggests Wegener granulomatosis. Medical renal disease is associated with Wegener granulomatosis and Churg-Strauss syndrome. Asthma may be present in bronchocentric granulomatosis and Churg-Strauss syndrome. Pathologic examination of these entities demonstrates vasculitis, granulomatous inflammation, and parenchymal necrosis. The radiologic manifestations of pulmonary disease are varied, but the most typical appearance is that of multiple nodules or masses that may demonstrate cavitation. Diffuse multifocal air-space opacities with or without cavitation may also be seen. Pulmonary hemorrhage is a well-known presenting manifestation of Wegener granulomatosis and, less commonly, of Churg-Strauss syndrome. Because of the multifocal lung involvement in these diseases, pulmonary metastases and infectious causes are often considered in the differential diagnosis. Affected patients are treated with cytotoxic agents and corticosteroids. The prognosis is variable, depending on the specific syndrome, but may be favorable in the absence of significant complications.
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PMID:Pulmonary angiitis and granulomatosis: radiologic-pathologic correlation. 959 92

Viruses are recognized to be the major cause of respiratory infections. Clinical and experimental evidence also supports an important role for viruses in the pathogenesis of lower airway disease and asthma exacerbation. In prospective epidemiological studies, 80% of asthma exacerbations in school-aged children and half of all asthma exacerbations in adults have been associated with viral upper respiratory infections. Human rhinovirus (HRV) has been implicated as the principal virus associated with asthma exacerbation. In our studies on respiratory viruses, we have observed two clinical patterns of presentation. The viruses can either be a precipitating factor of respiratory illness characterized by a typical clinical onset, or can induce an atypical clinical onset such as haemoptysis, pleuritis, spontaneous pneumothorax and asthmatic syndrome. Thus the observed clinicoradiological and functional features during atypical viral respiratory infection may be correlated to the long-term biological effects induced by previous and concurrent infections.
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PMID:Viruses and asthmatic syndromes. 963 15

Asthma is one of the most common chronic medical conditions affecting children. The usual presenting symptoms of asthma include wheezing, shortness of breath, and dyspnea on exertion. Occasionally, children who present with one of these respiratory complaints have a less common disorder. Mediastinal fibrosis is a rare and incurable condition in which an excessive fibrotic reaction in the mediastinum causes progressive cardiopulmonary compromise. The presentation is variable: many patients present with respiratory symptoms such as cough, wheezing, dyspnea, and/or hemoptysis, while others are asymptomatic and present with a mediastinal mass discovered incidentally on a radiograph. With such a broad array of presenting complaints, and a clinical course characterized by slow progression of symptoms, the early stages of mediastinal fibrosis can mimic other diseases such as asthma, chronic bronchitis, or the superior vena cava syndrome. In this report we describe two patients with mediastinal fibrosis who were initially thought to have asthma.
Allergy Asthma Proc
PMID:Mediastinal fibrosis presenting as asthma. 964 34

Clinical presentation, pathology, surgical management and follow-up of ten bronchial carcinoid tumour (BCT) patients are described. There were five male and five female patients with age range between 5 to 85 years (mean 39.2 +/- 21.5, SD). Pathology revealed BCT on the right side in seven and on left side in three patients. The tumour was an incidental finding in four while the other six had respiratory symptoms. Cough was present in all of the later group and hemoptysis was present in four patients. Recurrent chest infections were seen in two patients. Symptoms ranged from 1 week to 15 years. Successful surgical resection was done in nine with the longest follow-up of 80 months (mean: 23 months +/- 26.3, SD) without recurrence or metastasis. Histopathological examination of these tumours revealed classical morphological features in all but one case. Grimelius stain positivity for argyrophilia confirmed the diagnosis in all the patients in this study. Electron microscopic examination was done in patient no. 9 which showed atypical morphological features and neurosecretory granules. BCT may present like pneumonias or bronchial asthma. Although BCTs have low-grade malignancy, early diagnosis and surgical resection yield curative results almost in all cases.
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PMID:Bronchial carcinoid tumours in southern Saudi Arabia. 965 18

Lung lobe torsion, although rare in cats, can be seen as a sequela to chronic respiratory disease. Clinical signs may include lethargy, coughing, hemoptysis, and respiratory distress. Lung lobe torsion may be diagnosed using radiography, ultrasonography, contrast bronchography, bronchoscopy, or thoracoscopy. Stabilization with fluids, oxygen, and supportive care followed by thoracotomy and lobectomy of the affected lobe(s) are necessary for a successful outcome. Diagnosis and treatment of lung lobe torsion is described in a 12.5-year-old cat with a history of feline asthma.
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PMID:Lung lobe torsion in a cat with chronic feline asthma. 982 85

Alveolar hemorrhage in mixed cryoglobulinemia associated with hepatitis C virus infection. A 61 year-old woman with type II mixed cryoglobulinemia associated to hepatitis C virus infection has suffered alveolar hemorrhage with multiple pulmonary infiltrates, purpura, glomerulonephritis and polyneuropathy. The respiratory and kidney findings resolved with prednisone, but glomerulonephritis reappeared when interferon-alpha treatment was started and prednisone was reduced. This is the third case of alveolar hemorrhage and glomerulonephritis associated with mixed cryoglobulinemia reported in the literature. The lung involvement in mixed cryoglobulinemia is reviewed. The clinic manifestations (asthma, pleural effusion, hemoptysis or pulmonary fibrosis) are uncommon, but the lung involvement is very frequent if roentgenographic signs and necropsy findings are assessed.
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PMID:[Alveolar hemorrhage in mixed cryoglobulinemia associated with hepatitis C virus infection]. 1063 11

Factitious hemoptysis is the bleeding type of Munchausen's syndrome, rarely reported in the literature (only seventeen cases). After a careful and detailed literature review, the authors report the case of a 22-year-old working-woman, with a history of asthma, Mediterranean anaemia and recurrent hemoptysis, who was admitted several times to the cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences Department in the Carlo Forlanini Hospital in 1994 for an asthmatic attack and wheeziness at rest. During the admissions the patient underwent laboratory tests (such as the examination of sputum specimens, urinalysis, tuberculin test, cold agglutinins and pneumotropic virus tests) and diagnostic studies (fiberoptic bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage, computerized tomography and radiography of the chest, bronchial arteriography, bronchography, perfusion and ventilation lung scan), because she continually presented with hemoptysis, in order to spot and discover the nature of the bleeding. Since such examinations failed (a few of them-namely fiberoptic bronchoscopies--were even performed when she was coughing up blood) and psychiatric consultations revealed the presence of psychologically traumatic events in the patient's history which could explain the psychopathic traits of her personality (in fact she was aggressive and unstable in interpersonal relations), a diagnosis of factitious hemoptysis in Munchausen's syndrome was made.
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PMID:Munchausen's syndrome. A case of factitious hemoptysis. 1023 Feb 61

Bronchiectasis belongs to the family of chronic obstructive lung diseases, even though it is much less common than asthma, chronic bronchitis, or emphysema. Clinical features of these entities overlap significantly. The triad of chronic cough, sputum production, and hemoptysis always should bring bronchiectasis to mind as a possible cause. Chronic airway inflammation leads to bronchial dilation and destruction, resulting in recurrent sputum overproduction and pneumonitis. Once the diagnosis is confirmed, any potential predisposing conditions should be aggressively sought. The relapsing nature of bronchiectasis can be controlled with antibiotics, chest physiotherapy, inhaled bronchodilators, proper hydration, and good nutrition. In rare circumstances, surgical resection or bilateral lung transplantation may be the only option available for improving quality of life. Prognosis is generally good but varies with the underlying syndrome.
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PMID:Bronchiectasis: the 'other' obstructive lung disease. 1041 80


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