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Query: UMLS:C0019079 (hemoptysis)
 6,129 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Hemoptysis associated with sexual arousal is thought to be secondary to cardiac dysfunction brought on by the physiologic stress of sexual activity. A patient who presented with hemoptysis occurring only during episodes of sexual stimulation was subsequently found to have cardiac amyloidosis.
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PMID:Hemoptysis during sexual arousal. An unusual manifestation of amyloidosis. 836 33

A 77-year-old woman was hospitalized repeatly due to frequent hemoptysis and production of bloodly sputum for several years. Bronchography in 1989 revealed bronchiectasis. She had complained of abdominal pain and diarrhea since 1991, and her urine was first positive for protein in 1992. She was admitted to our hospital in October 1992 because of edema, anemia, and hypoproteinemia. Despite treatment, renal dysfunction and the gastrointestinal disorder progressed and she died in January 1993. An autopsy revealed diffuse depositions of amyloid in many organs, especially in the kidney and the gastrointestinal tract. This amyloid protein was identified as AA protein, which was suggestive of secondary amyloidosis. Bronchiectasis appears to have been the disease underlying this patient's amyloidosis.
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PMID:[Amyloidosis secondary to bronchiectasis]. 875 22

Bronchiectasis is pathologically defined as an abnormal and permanent dilatation of one or several bronchi. There are localized and generalized types of bronchiectasis. A vicious circle hypothesis, including an initial insult to the lower airways, impaired mucociliary clearance, microbial colonization/infection, bronchial obstruction and a local inflammatory response, has been proposed to explain the damage to the bronchial tree and the adjacent lung parenchyma. The clinical picture is variable and affected individuals might be asymptomatic or suffer from severe respiratory failure. Daily sputum production is the most common, though unspecific symptom of bronchiectasis. Other common symptoms are hemoptysis and recurrent episodes of sputum purulence, fever and pleurisy. Occasionally, major, life-threatening hemoptysis from a ruptured bronchial artery occurs. Infectious complications, e.g. lung abscess, empyema, brain abscess, and secondary amyloidosis are rarely seen today. The chest radiograph reveals changes suggestive of bronchiectasis in the majority of patients with clinically important disease. High resolution computed tomography of the lung has almost completely replaced bronchography for diagnosis, the latter rarely being of value if surgery is contemplated. No etiology is identified in about one- to two-thirds of the patients, although there are many diseases eventually associated with bronchiectasis. Prevention and therapy of underlying diseases are most important. Traditionally, the therapy of symptomatic bronchiectasis is based on antibiotics, antibronchoobstructive medication, and chest physical therapy. Surgical resection is the treatment of choice for localized symptomatic disease. Bilateral lung transplantation should be considered in younger patients with severe, generalized bronchiectasis and respiratory failure. Prospective, randomized, largescale trials supporting any of the different treatment strategies are not available, but antibiotics and surgery probably have improved the long-term outcome of many patients with bronchiectasis. In this review, some recent findings regarding the classification, pathogenesis, pathology, etiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of bronchiectasis are discussed.
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PMID:[Bronchiectasis--current aspects of an old disease]. 915 28

A 47-year-old woman was admitted on August 4th, 1995, because of edema of the lower extremities. She had been suffering from RA for about 20 years and underwent total knee-replacements 5 years previously. On admission, nephrotic syndrome and rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis had developed in association with ileus, melena, diarrhea, dyspnea and hemoptysis. She showed a high titer of serum rheumatoid factor (357.0 IU/ml) and amyloid A protein (83.9 micrograms/ml) with positive antinuclear antibodies (homogeneous and speckled patterns). However, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (ELISA), immune complexes and anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody (ELISA) were negative. Renal biopsy showed microscopic PN overlapping A-type positive amyloidosis. Although the maintenance of hemodialysis was necessary, aggressive immunosuppressive therapy with steroid pulse therapy and frequent plasma exchange provided a rapid improvement of systemic symptoms possibly due to vasculitis. We suggested that in this case, massive necrotizing crescentic glomerulonephritis with systemic arteritis developed on the basis of secondary amyloidosis due to rheumatoid arthritis. In such a case, even if various serum autoantibodies and immune complexes were negative, plasma exchange was suggested to be effective to remove not only pathogenic autoantibodies but also various serum inflammatory cytokines which may be related with severe vasculitis and glomerulitis, in addition to aggressive steroid therapy which may suppress the invasion of inflammatory cells producing these cytokines.
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PMID:[A case of necrotizing crescentic glomerulonephritis with arteritis due to secondary amyloidosis following rheumatoid arthritis]. 919 65

A case of tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica (TO) was diagnosed in a 68-year-old male with prolonged cough. A bronchoscopy revealed multiple nodular excrescences along the anterolateral wall of the trachea and main bronchi. Tissue specimens showed pronounced change of bronchial cartilage with massive mineralization diagnostic for TO. The literature on the subject is reviewed here. The aetiology and pathogenesis is unknown. The severity of TO range from no symptoms to severe dyspnoea, haemoptysis or pneumonitis. Treatment is seldom necessary. However, in severe cases, bronchoscopic removal of obstructing excrescences and surgery has been performed with therapeutic effect. Differential diagnosis of nodular excrescences includes amyloidosis, endobronchial sarcoidosis, calcificating lesions of tuberculosis, papilomatosis and tracheobronchial calcinosis. Awareness of the condition as a differential diagnosis to neo-plasms is important, to avoid unnecessary surgery or chemotherapy.
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PMID:Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica. 933 55

A case of primary bronchial amyloidosis in a 58-year old patient, with haemoptysis, cough, purulent sputum and fever, is described. Bronchoscopy showed nodules and yellow wax plaques in the lower lobar bronchi. Histology of bioptic specimens showed the amyloidosic nature of the lesions. The search of other localizations was negative.
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PMID:Primary bronchial amyloidosis. A case report. 979 56

Tracheobronchial amyloidosis is the most common form of localized bronchopulmonary amyloidoses, although its diagnosis is not very frequent in daily practice. We present a case of localized tracheobronchial amyloidosis presented as hemoptysis. The diagnosis and treatment were performed with rigid bronchoscopy and resection with an Nd-YAG laser.
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PMID:[Localized tracheobronchial amyloidosis: a case report and review of the literature]. 1042 99

We describe here two patients with tracheobronchial involvement by amyloidosis. One of them had presented with discrete tracheobronchial mass lesions simulating bronchogenic carcinoma. The other had intermittent streaky hemoptysis and was found to have diffuse tracheobronchial involvement at bronchoscopy. Both patients are doing well without any definitive therapy.
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PMID:Tracheobronchial amyloidosis: a report of two cases. 1091 76

A 52 year old Chinese woman with a 25 year history of sicca syndrome (primary Sjogrens syndrome) was investigated for 3 episodes of haemoptysis. Clinical examination was unremarkable except for the presence of dry eyes and xerostomia. Computed tomography of the chest revealed a lobulated mass in the posterior basal segment of the left lower lobe. Histopathological examination of this resected nodule confirmed the diagnosis of nodular amyloidosis. The normal radiolabelled serum amyloid P component scintigraphy and the absence of monoclonal plasma cell dyscrasia in the bone marrow strongly support the diagnosis of localised nodular pulmonary AL amyloidosis in this patient. Nodular pulmonary amyloidosis can be associated with sicca syndrome and often simulates bronchogenic carcinoma, bronchiectasis or pulmonary tuberculosis.
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PMID:Localised nodular pulmonary amyloidosis in a patient with sicca syndrome. 1120 Jul 24

Tracheobronchial amyloidosis (TBA) is an uncommon localized form of amyloidosis with fewer than 150 reported cases in the literature. We report a case of primary diffuse tracheobronchial amyloidosis who presented with cough, wheezing, recurrent and progressive dyspnea as well as hemoptysis. Though there is no universally accepted treatment for the localized form, this patient was successfully treated with three sessions of bronchoscopic resection and adjuvant steroids. This report will review the various types of amyloidosis of the respiratory tract and their clinical features, in addition to discussing the different available treatment modalities for TBA.
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PMID:A case of primary diffuse tracheobronchial amyloidosis. 1511 Dec 3


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