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Query: UMLS:C0019079 (hemoptysis)
 6,129 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Four cases of acute laryngeal fracture that demonstrate the history and clinical findings characteristic of blunt laryngotracheal trauma are presented. Symptoms in these patients included shortness of breath, neck pain, dysphasia, dysphonia, and hemoptysis. Physical examination findings suggesting acute laryngeal injury included pain on palpation of neck, swelling or edema of the neck, subcutaneous emphysema, and loss of landmarks in the neck. All four patients were admitted to the surgical intensive care unit and had the diagnosis of laryngeal fracture confirmed at laryngoscopy. Airway obstruction is a potential complication in all patients sustaining blunt laryngotracheal trauma. Early diagnosis and management may lead to a good outcome, as with these four patients.
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PMID:Blunt laryngotracheal trauma. 372 9

Airway obstruction due to presence of blood clot occurs in a variety of clinical settings; however, it is not always preceded by hemoptysis. The impact on respiratory function may be minimal or result in life-threatening ventilatory impairment. Three illustrative cases and a comprehensive literature review are presented. The presence of endobronchial blood clot is suggested by the clinical and radiographic findings of focal airway obstruction. The diagnosis is established by direct endoscopic evaluation. Initial efforts at removal of the airway clot, if warranted, involve lavage, suctioning, and forceps extraction through a flexible bronchoscope. If unsuccessful, further management options include rigid bronchoscopy, Fogarty catheter dislodgment of the clot, and topical thrombolytic agents.
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PMID:Airway obstruction arising from blood clot: three reports and a review of the literature. 1045 5

Airway obstruction is always a life-threatening event, and it must be recognized and managed immediately. We report an instance of acute airway obstruction associated with hemoptysis in an elderly patient with inactive advanced pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) while undergoing spine surgery. Airway obstruction was highly suspected in consequence of postural change because immediate resolution was rewarded after reversion of the position from prone to supine. The chest surgeon consulted intraoperatively did a fiberoptic bronchoscopy and found that the blood was mainly surging from the branching bronchus of right lower lobe, and thus the source of bleeding was confirmed. Hence, in this presentation we discuss the contributory factors which led to the occurrence of hemoptysis and the appropriate perioperative management of this kind of airway obstruction.
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PMID:Unexpected blood clot-induced acute airway obstruction in a patient with inactive pulmonary tuberculosis during lumbar spine surgery in the prone position--a case report. 1606 Apr 4

Central airway obstruction, a frequently encountered emergency, is usually associated with blood clots, tumors, foreign bodies or mucus plugs. Airway obstruction due to blood clots can be seen as a complication of lung malignancies, infections, bronchiectasis, arteriovenous malformations or pulmonary infarction. In patients with long standing blood clots, the thrombus gets organized and firmly adherent to the airway. The diagnosis is often misleading as these clots mimic tumors clinically and on imaging. Hemoptysis is the most common presenting symptom though many patients can be asymptomatic. Direct visualization with bronchoscopy is required to establish a diagnosis. Life-threatening respiratory impairment is an indication for emergent clot retrieval. Management of these blood clots, especially when organized, is challenging. Initial attempts at removal should include suctioning, lavage or forceps extraction. When unsuccessful, further management options include balloon catheter dislodgement, use of topical thrombolytics, rigid bronchoscopy and cryoextraction.
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PMID:Organized blood clot masquerading as endobronchial tumor: A review of management and recent advances. 2997 87