Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019045 (hemoglobinopathies)
 2,704 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Porotic hyperostosis was observed in 34 percent of 539 crania excavated from sites in Arizona and New Mexico. Common causes of this cranial pathology in the Old World (thalassemia, sickel cell anemia, and malargia) do not explain its occurrence in the American Southwest, as malaria and hemoglobinopathies are not known to have existed in the New World prior to European contact. Iron deficiency anemia which may also be assoicated with porotic hyperostosis occurs on a mass level only with hookworm infestation or nutritionally-related iron deficiency. Since hookworm infestation is rare in the American southwest and has not been reported in prehistoric southwestern American Indians, the hypothesis of nutritional anemia was examined. In canyon bottom sites where the diet was heavily dependent on maize, which is low in iron and also contains an inhibitor of iron absorption, significantly more crania had porotic hyperostosis than in sage plain sites, where the diet included ample animal protein rich in easily absorbable iron (p less than .001). Furthermore, canyon bottom children, who were more susceptible to iron deficiency anemia, had a higher incidence of porotic hyperostosis lesions than adults (p less than .0001).
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PMID:The paleoepidemiology of porotic hyperostosis in the American Southwest: Radiological and ecological considerations. 110 84

Anemia in pregnancy continues to be a serious problem in many developing countries, with significant adverse effects for both mother and infant. This article summarizes the available literature on anemia in pregnancy in developing countries, with emphasis on prevalence, etiology, and consequences. Prevalence data, especially from rural populations, are inadequate and little effort has been made to establish local etiologic patterns. Although emphasis has been placed on the role of nutritional deficiencies (especially iron) in anemia, the etiology is likely multifactorial. The relative contribution of etiologic factors such as iron and folate deficiencies, hemoglobinopathies, and malaria and hookworm infestation vary by geographic region and season. Anemia in pregnancy has been associated with increased risks of premature labor and low birth weight. There is an immediate need to assess more carefully the local etiologic factors and then design new strategies for prevention and treatment.
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PMID:Anaemia in pregnancy in developing countries. 960 57

The study of anemia in Sakon Nakhon province during the period of 1996-1997 was conducted by a multistage random sampling in a population aged 1-90 years in ten villages. The prevalence of anemia was 15.29 per cent (14.5 per cent in children under 15 years, 14.4 per cent between 15-60 years and 34.3 per cent in those over 60 years). The prevalence of anemia in males and females was not statistically different. The mean level of hematocrit and hemoglobin was 39.9 +/- 4.6 per cent and 13.2 +/- 1.4 g. per cent. About 28.3 per cent of the studied population had undernutrition. This finding showed that the nutritional status could be statistically linked to anemia, while parasitic infestation had no effect on the rate of anemia, most probably the worm load in the cases infected was rather low. Nutritional anemia and thalassemia are also common causes of anemia in Sakon Nakhon. Thus, we proposed that the public health programme should focus on preventive activities to reduce thalassemia hemoglobinopathy and the rate of undernutrition to solve the problem of anemia in Thailand.
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PMID:Anemia in Sakon Nakhon Province. 1044 75

Although most of the diagnostic applications of flow cytometry bring forth examples of leukocyte immunophenotyping for immunodeficiency diseases and leukemia-lymphoma diagnosis, the same technology has improved medical assessment of diseases affecting the red cell and erythropoiesis. Flow cytometric methods were first applied to laboratory hematology with the improvement in reticulocyte counting and the creation of the immature reticulocyte fraction for better anemia evaluation and therapeutic monitoring. A more recent improvement attributable to flow cytometry is accurate detection of fetal red cells in the evaluation of FMH hemorrhage. The same method used in the detection of fetal RBCs based on HbF content measurement using monoclonal antibodies also offers the potential for enumeration of F cells, which promises to have use in therapeutic monitoring of patients with sickle cell disease and the evaluation of other hemoglobinopathies and myelodysplasia. Other clinical uses of flow cytometric RBC analysis include nonisotopic red cell survival studies, sensitive blood group typing, sensitive detection of immune-mediated hemolytic diseases, and evaluation of parasitic diseases whose life cycle involves intracellular RBC infestation. This article summarizes red cell flow cytometry, particularly as it impacts the areas of immunohematology and laboratory hematology, and points to areas of potential future contribution of this technology to diagnostic medicine.
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PMID:Diagnostic utility of red cell flow cytometric analysis. 1177 Feb 90

Anemia is the most frequent derailment of physiology in the world throughout the life of a woman. It is a serious condition in countries that are industrialized and in countries with poor resources. The main purpose of this manuscript is to give the right concern of anemia in pregnancy. The most common causes of anemia are poor nutrition, iron deficiencies, micronutrients deficiencies including folic acid, vitamin A and vitamin B12, diseases like malaria, hookworm infestation and schistosomiasis, HIV infection and genetically inherited hemoglobinopathies such as thalassemia. Depending on the severity and duration of anemia and the stage of gestation, there could be different adverse effects including low birth weight and preterm delivery. Treatment of mild anemia prevents more severe forms of anemia, strictly associated with increased risk of fetal-maternal mortality and morbidity.
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PMID:Iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy. 2647 66