Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018991 (hemiplegia)
 3,997 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 21 year-old man presented with a history of sudden onset of aphasia and headache. CT showed a left parietal hypodensity and pallidal calcifications. The ECG showed a Wolff-Parkinson-White's syndrome. The patient then developed successively focal epileptic seizures, temper disorders, a cardiomyopathy, a pepper and salt retinopathy with hemeralopia, a left hemiplegia, deafness, and fever of unexplained origin. Left carotid angiography showed thin, irregular or occluded branches of the middle and anterior cerebral arteries. Blood muscle enzymes, lactate and pyruvate, were elevated with acidosis. Muscle biopsy revealed a mitochondrial myopathy and blood chemistry showed a severe deficiency of respiratory chain enzymes. Death occurred after 28 months. This case showed the diagnostic features of Melas, with some elements of the Kearns-Sayre syndrome. To our knowledge, this is the first case were serial angiographies allowed demonstration of arterial changes capable of explaining cerebral infarctions.
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PMID:[Mitochondrial myopathy. Encephalopathy with lactic acidosis and cerebral infarction]. 264 81

Dyke-Davidoff-Masson syndrome is clinically characterized by hemiparesis, hemiplegia, seizures, mental retardation, and facial asymmetry secondary to congenital or early childhood vascular insult. A 21-year-old man with Dyke-Davidoff-Masson syndrome presented with uncontrolled seizures. The authors present the magnetic resonance (MR) and positron emission tomography (PET) findings of this syndrome.
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PMID:Positron emission tomography in Dyke-Davidoff-Masson syndrome. 1610 Apr 87

A 21-year-old man had sudden-onset right hemiplegia and aphasia with respiratory infection. A chest X-ray disclosed consolidation in both lungs and magnetic resonance imaging showed an embolism in the left middle cerebral artery. A pelvic computed tomography scan revealed deep venous thrombus in both femoral veins. Patent foramen ovale was detected by transesophageal echocardiogram. Antibodies to M. pneumoniae were highly elevated, and hypercoagulability was subsequently detected. This case suggests that the possible pathogenic mechanism for M. pneumoniae infection-related stroke might be paradoxical brain embolism with deep venous thrombus as a consequence of the hypercoagulability related to this infection.
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PMID:Paradoxical brain embolism induced by Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection with deep venous thrombus. 2084 7

Peripartum cardiomyopathy is a rare cardiac disorder. Although left ventricular apical thrombus formation is common in peripartum cardiomyopathy, biventricular apical thrombi formation is a very rare condition in these patients. A 21-year-old woman presented with complaints of dyspnea, orthopnea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, and palpitations that appeared three months after labor. Transthoracic echocardiography showed severe global hypokinesis, decreased left and right ventricular ejection fraction (left 30%, right 35%), increased left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (60 mm), grade 2 mitral regurgitation, and biventricular apical thrombi. On the second day of admission, she developed global aphasia and right hemiplegia. The patient was successfully treated with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator. Transthoracic echocardiography following treatment showed disappearance of biventricular apical thrombi. She had no neurologic deficit. Treatment for heart failure was continued due to persistence of global hypokinesis and left ventricular dilatation.
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PMID:[Development of biventricular large apical thrombi and cerebral embolism in a young woman with peripartum cardiomyopathy]. 2198 72

A 21-year-old left-handed male patient was admitted with a 19-h history of coma after substantial insulin injection for suicide attempt. Although the patient recovered from coma 3 days after injury, he experienced transient hemiplegia followed by permanent brain damage. Electroencephalogram (EEG), brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and brain single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) identified the localization of this dysfunction, but consistency between clinical symptoms and brain images changed depending on the course of treatment. Transient hemiplegia corresponded to abnormal waveforms on EEG and decreased cerebral blood flow on SPECT, whereas persistent dysfunctions corresponded to abnormal brain regions on MRI and SPECT.
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PMID:Multi-modal brain imaging showing brain damage to the orbitofrontal cortex and left hemisphere, in a case of prolonged hypoglycemia-induced transient hemiplegia followed by persistent encephalopathy. 2371 Nov 98

Background: Mucormycosis is a rapidly progressive, angioinvasive fungal infection that has a predilection for the paranasal sinuses and adjacent mucosa. Rhinocerebral mucormycosis (RCM) is the most common form and is known to invade the skull base and its associated blood vessels-leading to mycotic aneurysms, ischemic infarcts, and intracerebral hemorrhage. There are documented cases of mechanical thrombectomy in ischemic stroke due to RCM, however, there are no known cases that were diagnosed primarily by histological and pathological analysis of the embolus. We present a case of treatment of large vessel occlusion that led to the diagnosis and treatment of RCM. Case Presentation: A 21 year-old male inmate with history of type 1 diabetes presented with generalized weakness, abdominal pain, right eye blindness, and ophthalmoplegia after an assault in prison. He underwent treatment for diabetic ketoacidosis, but subsequently developed left hemiplegia and was found to have complete occlusion of his right internal carotid artery. He underwent successful mechanical thrombectomy and pathological analysis of the embolus revealed a diagnosis of mucormycosis. He completed a course of amphotericin B, micafungin, and posaconazole. With the aid of acute rehabilitation he achieved a modified Rankin score of 2. Discussion: We review the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of RCM. A comprehensive multidisciplinary approach is critical in the management of this often-fatal disease. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential in RCM as delaying treatment by more than 6 days significantly increases mortality. Treatment includes surgical debridement and intravenous antifungal therapy (amphotericin B + micafungin or caspofungin) for a minimum of 6-8 weeks.
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PMID:Diagnosis of Rhinocerebral Mucormycosis by Treatment of Cavernous Right Internal Carotid Artery Occlusion With Mechanical Thrombectomy: Special Case Presentation and Literature Review. 3097 5