Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0018991 (hemiplegia)
 3,997 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Reciprocal reflex connections were studied in capsular hemiplegia and spastic paresis with spinal cord lesions, using Lloyd's technique. Effects of conditioning stimulation of the tibial or peroneal nerve on the H reflex in the antagonists were examined. Stimulus intensity was controlled with reference to the threshold of the M wave. Weaker stimulation than this threshold was regarded as stimulation of group I afferents. It aroused no subjection sensation in intact subjects. Early and strong inhibition, comparable to Ia inhibition in the cat (Lloyd 1946), was observed from weak stimulation of the tibial nerve on the pre-tibial (flexor) H reflex, but not from the peroneal nerve on the triceps surae (extensor) H reflex in capsular hemiplegia. Alcohol block of extensor motor points resulted in reduction of spasticity without further paralysis in the blocked muscle and a remarkable increase in strength of the antagonist pre-tibial muscles. These results suggest that an extensor spasticity withe flexor weakness, which is common in capsular hemiplegia, may be due to an imbalance of reflex activities via Ia muscle afferents, and that a part of flexor weakness can be restored by "disinhibition' by reduction of Ia inflow from extensor muscles. Ia inhibition was also observed in one third of cases with spinal cord lesions at rest. It returned to normal after recovery from spastic paresis by radical therapy in some cases.
 ...
PMID:Reciprocal Ia inhibition in spastic paralysis in man. 28 52

Neurolytic blockade is one of the therapeutic possibilities to treat spasticity of various muscles. In patients with spasticity of the adductor thigh muscles, a percutaneous approach to the obturator nerve is often difficult. We describe a new approach to the obturator nerve and we examine its feasibility. The second objective was to assess the efficacy of obturator neurolysis for the management of adductor thigh muscle pain and spasticity associated with hemiplegia or paraplegia. Nerve blocks were performed via a combined approach using fluoroscopy and nerve stimulation to identify the obturator nerve. Neurolysis was performed by injection of 65% ethanol. We performed 27 blocks in 23 patients. Technical evaluation was achieved in terms of number of attempted needle insertions, time to accurate location of the nerve and success rate. The efficacy of the block was assessed using four scores: degree of alleviation of muscle spasm and triple flexion of the lower limb, improvement of gait and facilitation of hygienic care. Success rate of the technique was 100% with a time to accurate nerve location of 130+/-35 s. Compared with scores measured immediately before the block, all studied parameters were significantly improved. Efficiency was significant on adductor muscle spasticity (p<0.001 at 1 day and p<0.01 at 60 and 120 months). Triple flexion was also significantly improved (p<0.05 from 1 to 120 days), as well as gait (p<0.02) and hygiene (p<0.01) scores. No complications occurred. The combined approach of the obturator nerve represents a new technique which proved to be accurate, fast, simple, highly successful and reproducible. Obturator neurolysis was confirmed as an efficient and cost-effective technique to reduce adductor muscle spasm and related pain and to improve gait and hygienic care in patients with neurological sequelae of stroke, head trauma or any lesion of the motor neurone.
 ...
PMID:Neurolytic blockade of the obturator nerve for intractable spasticity of adductor thigh muscles. 1190 Apr 70

Pseudoaneurysm and fistula formation are well-documented complications of arterial vascular injury and may be associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this manuscript is to review the presentation and therapy of patients with traumatic vascular injuries of the head and neck. Eight patients were admitted to a Level 1 Trauma Center and diagnostic angiography of the carotid artery and vertebral circulation was performed. The mechanisms of injury included motor vehicle accident, gunshot wound, stab wound and aggravated assault. Cause of trauma, vascular lesion, endovascular therapy and outcome were analyzed retrospectively. The angiographic findings, clinical presentation and hospital course were reviewed. There were eight patients, seven males and one female, aged 17-65. Four patients (50%) had multiple lesions; four had pseudoaneurysms, two with fistula formation and two with active arterial hemorrhage. A total of 17 lesions were embolized using coils. Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA), Gelfoam or a combination. Two of the 17 lesions received stents. Six of the eight patients remained clinically improved or stable at varying follow-up intervals. One of the four patients who presented with penetrating trauma and neurological deficits had resolution of right hemiplegia at the 8th month follow-up. One of the four patients who sustained blunt trauma and carotid-cavernous fistula presented with a new pseudoaneurysm at the 2-month post-embolization follow-up. The evolution of diagnostic neuroangiographic techniques provides opportunities for endovascular therapy of traumatic vascular lesions of the head and neck that are minimally invasive, attractive options in selected cases.
 ...
PMID:Endovascular therapy of traumatic vascular lesions of the head and neck. 1456 67

Gastrodia elata Blume is a famous Chinese medicinal plant, which has been widely used for the treatment of rheumatism, epilepsy, paralysis, hemiplegia, lumbago, headache and vertigo. High-speed counter-current chromatography was successfully used for the first time for the preparative isolation and purification of the bioactive component gastrodin from G. elata Blume. The crude gastrodin was obtained by extraction with ethanol from the dried roots of G. elata Blume under sonication. Preparative high-speed counter-current chromatography with a two-phase solvent system composed of n-butanol-ethyl acetate-water (2:3:5, v/v/v) was successfully performed yielding 48 mg gastrodin at 96% purity from 500 mg of the crude extract (10.3% gastrodin) with the recovery of approximately 90% in a one-step separation.
 ...
PMID:Preparative isolation and purification of gastrodin from the Chinese medicinal plant Gastrodia elata by high-speed counter-current chromatography. 1552 43

Renal hyperparathyroidism is one of the main and serious complications that occur in chronic kidney disease and particularly during long-term maintenance dialysis. Several recent trials indicate that a high calcium phosphorus product is correlated with high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and poor outcome. Thus, it is important to improve the control of hyperparathyroidism in chronic renal failure patients. Several methods have been reported for treating severe hyperparathyroidism resistant to medical therapy. Total parathyroidectomy and transplantation or excision of tumor is considered as the treatment of choice. More recently, interventional methods with percutaneous ethanol or calcitriol injection have been developed. These latter techniques have been reported as an alternative to surgical treatment for patients with high perioperative risk. We report the occurrence of laryngeal recurrent nerve palsy, vocal fold paralysis, and hemiplegia after a successful injection of ethanol in a left parathyroid adenoma in a maintenance hemodialysis patient and discuss the restrictions of the procedure and alternative treatments in view of the available studies.
 ...
PMID:Percutaneous ethanol injection treatment of severe hyperparathyroidism in maintenance dialysis: risks and benefits. 1937 20