Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018991 (hemiplegia)
 3,997 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Fifty-nine children with Japanese encephalitis admitted in Maharaj Nakhon Chiang Mai Hospital since 1984-1985 were studied. The male to female ratio was 1.18:1. The age range was between 1 to 14 years old with 74% in the age range of 6-14 years. The symptoms included change of consciousness (100%), fever (96%), headache (76%), convulsions (59%) and vomiting (52%). The neurologic signs, namely positive meningeal signs (61%), hyperreflexia (61%), positive Babinski's sign (49%) hemiplegia (42%), papilledema (22%), and other cranial nerve palsies (23%) were seen. Abnormal respiration were found in 23% and 8% of cases had hypertension. Most children (81%) had blood leukocytosis with predominant neutrophils. The average CSF white blood cell count was 200 cells per mm. with lymphocytosis in 76 percent of the patients. The average CSF protein was higher than normal. Almost all cases had normal CSF sugar levels. The JEV antibody response, mostly primary type, Occurred in about 62 percent of cases. All children received symptomatic and supportive treatment, such as antipyretics, anticonvulsants, anticerebral edema agents, adequate respiration and nutrition and physical and occupational therapies. Associated complications were treated according to the individual's need. The mortality rate and neurological sequelae were found in 17% and 57% of cases respectively. Eighteen percent of the patients suffered severe neurological sequelae. The neurological sequelae included memory deficit (46%), mental retardation (42%), hemiplegia (34%), emotional and behavioral disturbance (24%), epilepsy (20%), motor aphasia (16%), cranial nerve palsies (16%), involuntary limb movement (8%) and blindness (2%).
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PMID:Japanese encephalitis in children in northern Thailand. 256 17

A retrospective survey has been carried out on 56 children with shunted hydrocephalus either with a primary idiopathic cause or as a result of a low spina bifida complex. In all 56 children, a separate reservoir has been inserted at some stage in the management of their hydrocephalus. There was no mortality. Morbidity was not increased from CSF infection or shunt blockage. There was less chance of the initial shunt blocking and there was a lesser incidence of visual and schooling handicap. Double cortical puncture did not result in an increased incidence of hemiplegia or epilepsy. We conclude that a separate reservoir greatly eases the management of these children and does not cause significant increased morbidity.
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PMID:Role of a separate subcutaneous cerebro-spinal fluid reservoir in the management of hydrocephalus. 326 16

Diagnosis of brucella meningitis was made in 10 patients by serological tests on blood and cerebrospinal fluid using Rose Bengal, standard agglutination, indirect immunofluorescent and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) tests and by blood and CSF culture. All patients had significantly elevated antibody titres. In three Br. melitensis was isolated both from blood and CSF and in a further three from blood only. Eight patients were 30 years old or less and seven were female. Seven patients had a history of contact with livestock and had consumed raw milk. Meningitis occurred in five, meningoencephalitis with hemiplegia in one, paraplegia and cranial nerve palsies in one and psychosis and/or nightmares in three. Transient Parkinsonism was seen in one patient and generalized rigidity and non-Parkinsonian tremors in another. Computerized tomography revealed ventricular dilation in one patient and punctate hyperdense, non-enhancing shadows in the lentiform nuclei in two others. Treatment with a combination of tetracycline, rifampicin and streptomycin was successful.
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PMID:Brucella meningitis: presentation, diagnosis and treatment--a prospective study of ten cases. 362 3

Two cases of progressive hemiplegia were closely followed by daily clinical examination. In both, the CT scan and CSF were normal on admission. In both, objective aggravation occurred in three or more steps over four days, progressing from minor finger clumsiness to total paralysis of the arm. In both cases a second CT scan a day after appearance of hemiplegia demonstrated a lacune in the corona radiata just above the internal capsule. In one case an intravenous digital subtraction angiogram demonstrated patency of the middle cerebral artery during the course of the progression. In the other case, serial study with transcranial Doppler ultrasound documented the continued patency of the middle cerebral artery. These two cases demonstrate that it is not necessary to postulate transient occlusion of the middle cerebral artery as an essential mechanism for progressive lacunar infarction.
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PMID:Progressive lacunar infarction with demonstrated patency of the middle cerebral artery. 376 48

Case 1. A seven-year-old boy was admitted to our hospital shortly after developing right hemiplegia and motor aphasia during rope-jumping play. Neither cervical trauma nor signs of cervical and pharyngeal inflammation were present. The physical examination was negative. The carotid angiogram on the day of admission gave poor visualization of the middle cerebral artery group, although the computerized tomographic finding was not remarkable. His neurological status gradually got better, while the routine laboratory studies gave only a slight increase of ESR (26 mm/hour) and positive CRP(I+). There were no particular findings of CSF from lumbar tap or of serological studies. The second computerized tomographic scan 42 hours after clinical onset showed a wide low dense area with obscure margin in the left parieto-temporal region, which was enhanced variously with intravenous contrast media. In about ten days his clinical state was remarkably improved. The second carotid angiogram one month after admission showed a poor filling of the middle cerebral artery territory and beaded appearance of the artery. The patient was discharged on the 46th day with a minimum right hemiparesis. Case 2. A ten-year-old boy was admitted with complaint of right hemiparesis and motor aphasia developing at night. The physical examination was negative. The laboratory studies were also negative. The computerized tomographic scan five days after onset showed a low dense area in size of 2 x 1.5 x 2 cm in the region of the left Nucleus lentiformis. No enhancement effect was seen. The left carotid angiogram on the same day revealed stenotic lesions at the M1 and the posterior temporal artery.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Cerebral ischemic lesions in children and primary cerebral angiitis: report of two cases]. 380 15

A 70 year-old-man with recurrent herpetic keratitis had a meningo-encephalitis with transient left hemiplegia and disorders of consciousness. EEG disclosed periodic slow waves on the right temporal region. Isotope and CT scans showed focal abnormalities in the same region. Antibodies to herpes simplex virus were demonstrated by complement fixation in serum and specific antiherpes IgG and IgM by immunofluorescence assay in serum and CSF. A year later the patient had a status epilepticus. CT scan showed a large right temporal hypodense area. CSF was abnormal with pleiocytosis, increased protein and IgG levels. High titers of antiherpes IgG persisted in serum and CSF. Neuropsychological tests did not demonstrate any memory impairment. The occurrence of persistent inflammation after herpes simplex encephalitis is discussed. The unusual benign course without antiviral therapy, may be related to the reactivation of a latent infection with an efficient immunological response. The unilateral temporal necrosis may explain the absence of amnestic sequelae.
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PMID:[Acute necrotizing herpetic encephalitis with a spontaneously improving clinical course]. 669 26

A 52-year-old woman developed headache with fever followed after several days by a left hemiplegia, paralysis of the right IIIrd, Vth, and VIIth cranial nerves, and a right cerebellar syndrome. The CSF contained 48 white cells/mm3 and 0,80 g/l of proteins. Blood and CSF cultures were negative. In spite of an early massive antibiotic therapy, successive CT scans demonstrated the development of a voluminous rhombencephalic abscess. Clinical improvement occurred only after 1 month of treatment. The diagnosis of listeriosis, suggested clinically, was confirmed by elevated levels of antibodies to listeria Monocytogenes serotype 01 (1/80 to 1/1 280). Signs regressed slowly and hemiplegic sequelae persisted. A review of the literature demonstrated the rare nature of listerian abscesses in the CNS: in 6 of the 9 cases reported the patients were immunodepressed and the abscess was located in the cerebral hemispheres. The elective rhombencephalic lesion of listerian encephalitis may also apply to abscesses, which can develop in previously healthy subjects. The clinical picture is that of a solitary brain stem abscess with a fatal outcome whatever the nature of the germ. Van Gilder, Allen and Lesser (1974) published the first report of a case that recovered after surgical drainage. The present case is the only one of the 6 cases reported in the literature in which a favorable outcome was obtained by antibiotic therapy.
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PMID:[Large listerial abscess of the brain stem. Favorable effect of antibiotic therapy]. 687 77

In congenital porencephalies, diverticulation of the lateral ventricle is a dynamic process producing compression and stretching of the brain tissue bordering the diverticulum, bulging of the overlying skull, macrocephaly, and occasionally progessive neurologic signs (hemiplegia, raised intracranial pressure), even when the rest of the ventricular system is not dilated and the CSF pressure is normal. Ventriculoperitoneal shunting can result in remarkable improvement of focal motor deficits and may apparently also play a beneficial role on further mental development. Successive computed tomography scans demonstrate that the brain parenchyma, which had been stretched by the porencephalic pouch, is capable of regaining near normal thickness. Congenital porencephalies are initiated by a limited destructive brain lesion, but the gradual expansion of the ventricular herniation may imply a mechanism identical to that which has been postulated in normal pressure hydrocephalus. Nine cases of unilateral "expanding" congenital porencephalies are presented and the treatment of this condition is discussed.
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PMID:Progressive expanding congenital porencephalies: a treatable cause of progressive encephalopathy. 726 26

A 57-year-old woman complained of severe headache and vomiting of a week's duration. Spinal tap showed bloody CSF and cerebral angiography revealed the "true" posterior communicating artery aneurysm. Left frontotemporal osteoplastic craniotomy and trapping of the aneurysm were performed on August 28, 1979. After operation right hemiplegia, left oculomotor palsy and the disturbance of consciousness developed. Postoperative CT scan showed a hemorrhagic infarction at the left basal ganglia. Since then she has been getting better and was discharged, able to walk, from our hospital 6 months after operation. We considered the anatomical importance of perforating arteries from posterior communicating artery and propose that true posterior communicating artery aneurysm should be classified separately from our experiences and literature.
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PMID:[A case of "true" posterior communicating artery aneurysm (author's transl)]. 729 Mar 21

Hemophilus aphrophilus, a gram negative, capnophilic slow growing bacillus, is a rarely recognized pathogen in meningitis and is most frequently seen in patients with either endocarditis or brain abscess. This article reported one case with Hemophilus aphrophilus meningitis. A 10-year-old boy presented at the emergency room with chief complaint of fever for 2 days and sudden onset of loss of consciousness. Hemophilus aphrophilus was isolated from the blood and cerebrospinal fluid. Aqueous penicillin and chloramphenicol were given for three weeks. The patient discharged without any sequelae. Three months later, fever and consciousness disturbance were noted again. No pathogen was isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid and blood culture this time, but CSF finding was consistent with bacterial meningitis. Aqueous penicillin and chloramphenicol were readministered for 30 days. The patient recovered smoothly. Because the patient had no history of CSF rhinorrhea or hypogammaglobulinemia, recurrence of the bacterial meningitis could be due to incomplete treatment during the first admission. Brain computed tomography (CT) done during the two admissions showed focal cortical enhancement in the fronto-temporo-parietal region. This is presumed to indicate infarction over these regions. The findings of brain CT are in accordance with the development of hemiplegia in the patient. It is still unknown, however, whether Hemophilus aphrophilus meningitis also causes a higher incidence of brain infarction, which was frequently noted in patients with Hemophilus influenzae meningitis.
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PMID:[Hemophilus aphrophilus meningitis: report of one case]. 823 62


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