Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018991 (hemiplegia)
 3,997 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Forty patients with cerebral palsy, who had been trained in our clinic and attained to walk in recent 10 years, were presented. Forty-five percent of the patients had a history of preterm delivery, and another 45% had no causes suggestive of cerebral palsy. The mean age of the initiation of practical walk was 2 years and 2 months, and that of spastic hemiplegia was 1 year and 10 months. About 60% of the patients with spastic hemiplegia visited our clinic because of abnormal gait. Their brain CT and EEG showed a higher incidence of abnormality than those in other types of cerebral palsy. The type of cerebral palsy and their IQ (DQ) level had no correlation with presence of epilepsy. About 60% of the cases showed normal IQ (DQ) level. Seventy percent of school-aged children belonged to public school, but they received no special training for their physical handicaps. Therefore it was necessary for our hospital to offer them rehabilitation therapy.
No To Hattatsu 1994 Sep
PMID:[A clinical study on children with cerebral palsy able to walk practically]. 791 90

A 29 year old woman suffered sudden hemiplegia, vomiting and headache during the 28th week of her first pregnancy. She was diagnosed as the intracranial hemorrhage due to the ruptured arteriovenous malformation, and emergency operation was performed. Anesthesia was induced with crush induction using thiamylal, fentanyl, pancuronium and suxamethonium, and maintained with fentanyl, isoflurane and nitrous oxide in oxygen. During and after surgery, fetal heart rate and uterine contraction were monitored continuously. Intense hypotension was not chosen because it may place a fetus at risk of intrauterine asphyxia. Ventilation was controlled to maintain PaCO2 between 30 and 35 mmHg. During surgery, D-mannitol 60 g was infused slowly to prevent fetal dehydration, and after surgery no osmotic diuretics were used. Ritodrine hydrochloride, which prevented premature delivery, was continuously infused after surgery. Her neurological symptom was improved and her baby was delivered vaginally at 41st gestational week.
Masui 1994 Sep
PMID:[Anesthesia for a pregnant patient with ruptured cerebral arterio-venous malformation]. 796 29

The prognostic value of early neonatal continuous electroencephalographic recordings in hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy was evaluated. Thirty seven full term infants with hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy were studied. The electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded using four or eight channel Oxford Medilog recorders and was started as soon as possible after birth. The recordings were initially visually analysed and divided into four categories: three in relation to the grade of discontinuity of the background activity (continuous, discontinuous, and maximum depression) and an additional fourth category to include status epilepticus. The EEGs with discontinuous activity were then analysed by computer to obtain a more objective assessment of discontinuity. The results were related to neurological outcome. Continuous background activity was associated with a normal outcome in all but the three infants who had continuous, but asymmetrical EEGs and who developed contralateral hemiplegia. In the eight infants with discontinuous activity, the outcome appeared to be related to the grade of continuity and the presence of clear convulsions on the EEG. The 10 infants with maximum depression and status epilepticus had severe impairment. These preliminary results suggest that continuous recording of EEGs could be used routinely in term infants with hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy. Computer analysis can improve the value of this technique, allowing the identification of infants who might benefit from early therapeutic intervention.
Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 1994 Sep
PMID:Prognostic value of continuous electroencephalographic recording in full term infants with hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy. 797 86

A study was conducted over a 12 month period to assess the accuracy of the 'slap test' in the diagnosis of laryngeal adductor myopathy. The thoraco-laryngeal reflexes of 15 horses with no clinical signs of idiopathic laryngeal hemiplegia (ILH) were recorded using a video-endoscope. These 'slap test' responses were examined independently by 3 assessors. The horses were subsequently subjected to euthanasia and samples taken from the cricoarytenoideus lateralis (CAL) muscles for histopathological examination and assessment of denervation atrophy. Despite normal adductory responses, moderate to severe atrophy of the left CAL muscles was seen in 5 horses. The remaining horses had varying degrees of adductor myopathy, invariably worse in the left side of the larynx. The 'slap test' as performed in this study was therefore unable to differentiate between horses with moderate to severe muscle changes and those without, making it useless as a diagnostic test for adductor myopathy. The reason for the preservation in adductor function despite advanced histological atrophy of the muscle may lie in the degree of reinnervation found in the muscles.
Equine Vet J 1994 Sep
PMID:Evaluation of the thoraco-laryngeal reflex ('slap test') as an indicator of laryngeal adductor myopathy in the horse. 798 33

Reports of 62 cases with a movement disorder associated with a focal lesion in the thalamus and/or subthalamic region were analyzed. Thirty-three cases had a lesion confined to the thalamus. Sixteen cases had a thalamic lesion extending into the subthalamic region and/or midbrain. Thirteen cases had a lesion in the subthalamic region or a subthalamic lesion extending into the midbrain. Nineteen cases with dystonia, 18 with asterixis, 17 with ballism-chorea, three with paroxysmal dystonia, and five with clonic or myorhythmic movements have been described. No case with isolated tremor has been described. In 53 cases with unilateral thalamic or subthalamic lesions, all but one with bilateral blepharospasm (associated with right posterior thalamic, pontomesencephalic, and bilateral cerebellar lesions) had dyskinesias in the limbs contralateral to the lesion. The other nine cases had bilateral paramedian thalamic lesions; seven developed bilateral dyskinesias, and the remaining two had unilateral dyskinesias. Regarding the 19 patients with dystonia, the two with bilateral blepharospasm had thalamic and upper brainstem lesions, and one with hemidystonia and torticollis had a subthalamic lesion. The other 16 patients all had a unilateral thalamic lesion with contralateral dystonia (10 hemidystonia, five focal dystonia affecting a hand and/or and one segmental dystonia involving face, arm, and hand). The exact location of the thalamic lesion was mentioned in 10 cases; the posterior or posterolateral thalamus was involved in six and the paramedian thalamus in four. These areas are more posterior or medial to the ventrolateral and ventroanterior thalamic nuclei, which receive pallido-thalamic and nigro-thalamic afferents. Two cases developed dystonia immediately after thalamotomy, and one case developed it 4 days after head trauma. The others initially had a hemiplegia and developed dystonia 1-9 months after the acute insult. Fifteen of the 17 patients with chorea had a unilateral lesion in the subthalamic nucleus or subthalamic region (eight due to infarcts, one to hemorrhage, five to mass lesions, and one to multiple sclerosis). All had contralateral hemichorea or hemiballism. One other case had bilateral chorea of the hands and tongue due to paramedian thalamic infarction. Another case with generalized chorea and thalamic atrophy was complicated by stereotaxic surgery. Thirteen of the 18 cases with asterixis had lesions confined to the thalamus. Eight were associated with thalamotomy, and five others had a stroke (four infarction and one hemorrhage) affecting the contralateral thalamus.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Mov Disord 1994 Sep
PMID:Movement disorders following lesions of the thalamus or subthalamic region. 799 Aug 45

Delayed neurological symptoms and signs following herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO) such as "Delayed contralateral hemiplegia with HZO" are supposed to be due to ipsilateral intracranial angiitis and ischemic disorder. We experienced a rare case with ipsilateral cerebral hemorrhage following HZO. Under the diagnosis of cerebral angiitis associated with HZO, we treated her conservatively and observed sequential change of angiography for four months. A 54-year-old female, who had been treated for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), developed HZO on left ophthalmic nerve area. Seven weeks after the onset of HZO, she complained of headache, mild right hemiparesis, and disturbance of consciousness. Computed tomography revealed subcortical hemorrhage at the left temporo-occipital lobe. Cerebral angiography showed vascular irregularities such as segmental narrowing and sausage-like dilation on proximal portion of the ipsilateral anterior, middle and posterior cerebral arteries. Same findings were seen on peripheral portions of the posterior cerebral artery on the same side. Moreover sequential angiograms showed appearance of an aneurysm in the left middle cerebral artery (M2 potion). Under the diagnosis of cerebral angiitis associated with HZO, she was treated with antiviral agents, antiplatelet drugs, steroid and stellate ganglion block. Those irregularities were found to diminish on the sequential angiograms, and the aneurysm disappeared four month later.
No To Shinkei 1994 Sep
PMID:[Sequential change of cerebral angiography in a case of cerebral angiitis following herpes zoster ophthalmicus]. 799 42

Neuropsychological functioning of children with sickle cell anemia (HbSS) who have experienced a single stroke has not been extensively investigated. In this study, the neuropsychological functioning of 10 children with HbSS who were receiving transfusion therapy following stroke with no identifiable recurrence was examined. The patients were subgrouped into children with only left hemisphere stroke (LCI), N = 4, and those with only right hemisphere stroke (RCI), N = 6. Results indicated that these youngsters experienced significant impairments of cognitive functioning following stroke. It was found that the LCI and RCI children tended to perform more like adult stroke patients than what has been typically reported in children with infantile hemiplegia. These findings support the need for periodic neuropsychological evaluation following stroke in order to identify patterns of higher cortical dysfunction and assist in the development of appropriate rehabilitation and special education programs. Further, pediatricians, child neurologists, and psychologists who care for these children must act as strong advocates on their behalf in order to ensure that they receive appropriate rehabilitation and the special education services necessary for maximal recovery and future educational success.
Clin Pediatr (Phila) 1994 Sep
PMID:Neuropsychological impairment in children with sickle cell anemia and cerebrovascular accidents. 800 19

Severe head injury or diffuse axonal injury is frequently associated with spastic hemiplegia/paraplegia. However, the causative lesion has not been well elucidated. Especially, the relationship between the gliding contusion and spastic hemiplegia has not been inferred yet. We have analyzed 6 brain concussion cases and 19 cases of diffuse axonal injury. None of the concussion cases experienced hemiplegia in their courses. Among the 19 cases, 10 were left with persistent and disabling hemiplegia/quadriplegia, whereas 5 showed persistent but mild hemiplegia. Among the 10 cases, one was incapacitated by a brainstem hemorrhage. The remaining 9 cases exhibited, in the parasagittal white matter, small hemorrhagic spots in the acute phase CT, low-density areas in the chronic phase CT, and/or T2 high and T1 low signal lesions in the MRI. In 8 cases, the lesion was in accord with the hemiplegic side, but in one case the low density area was on the ipsilateral side. Two of the 3 cases showing quadriplegia exhibited bilateral parasagittal lesions. None of the 5 mild hemiplegia cases and 10 nonhemiplegia cases showed such abnormality. Superficial brain contusions were found in 17 cases altogether, but they were not at all correlated with the occurrence of hemiplegia. Thus, it was concluded that parasagittal white matter shearing injury or so called gliding contusion could be the manifestation of injury to the corticospinal tract in the corona radiata.
No Shinkei Geka 1994 Sep
PMID:[Parasagittal white matter shearing injury (so-called gliding contusion): possible radiological evidence of spastic hemiplegia in diffuse axonal injury]. 809 Feb 65

Patients with carotid cerebrovascular disorder can be categorized as having either right hemiplegia with various degrees of aphasia, left hemiplegia with hemihypesthesia, or homonymous hemianopsia, or the triad of left hemiplegia, hemihypesthesia and homonymous hemianopsia. The purpose of this study was to compare the functional performance of patients with each type of carotid cerebrovascular disorder before and 1 year after comprehensive rehabilitation aimed at improving communication and/or functional skills. Performance was measured using both the Barthel Index and Williams Drawing Test. On average, patients with the triad of neurologic deficits started and finished with poorer functional performance than the other patients. However, the average gain in functional scores over time was similar for all groups.
South Med J 1994 Sep
PMID:The triad of left hemiplegia, hemihypesthesia, and homonymous hemianopsia: implications for rehabilitation. 809 Dec 55

Familial hemiplegic migraine is an autosomal dominant disorder of unknown pathogenesis in which the migrainous attacks are marked by the occurrence of a transient hemiplegia during the aura. While investigating CADASIL, mapped previously to chromosome 19, we observed that some patients had recurrent attacks of migraine with aura. Although the clinical and neuroimaging features of familial hemiplegic migraine differ markedly from CADASIL, we hypothesized that the same gene could be involved in the pathogenesis of both conditions. We chose two large pedigrees for linkage analysis of familial hemiplegic migraine. A maximum lod score > 8 was found with two markers that are also strongly linked to CADASIL. Multilocus linkage analysis suggested that the loci responsible for the two diseases reside within an interval of about 30 cM on chromosome 19.
Nat Genet 1993 Sep
PMID:A gene for familial hemiplegic migraine maps to chromosome 19. 822 Apr 21


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