Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018991 (hemiplegia)
 3,997 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report an autopsy case of a 19 year-old man with MELAS (mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes) a subgroup of mitochondrial encephalomyopathy presenting cardiomyopathy. He had repeatedly suffered from transient unconsciousness, hemiplegia, hemianopsia and convulsion attacks since the age of 9, and he died of severe congestive heart failure. In laboratory findings, blood lactate and pyruvate were markedly increased. Skeletal muscle biopsy demonstrated numerously scattered ragged-red fibers with modified Gomori's trichrome staining. Enzymatic activities of the mitochondrial respiratory chain showed a marked decrease of NADH cytochrome c reductase (complex I). In postmortem examination, the heart was 310g in weight and had right ventricular dilatation. Microscopically, degenerated and scattered myocardial cells (ragged-red fibers), interstitial edema and microvascular hyperplasia were demonstrated in the myocardium. Under the electron microscope, abnormal mitochondria proliferated and myofibrils were unusually sparse. Immunohistochemical studies with specific antibodies against the mitochondrial electron transfer enzyme subunits revealed a reduction of immunoreactive materials for complex I in the myocardium. These results suggested the relationship of myocardial disorders and decreased activity of complex I in electron transfer enzymes in this patient.
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PMID:[A study of myocardial disorders in an autopsy case of mitochondrial encephalomyopathy]. 846 36

We report the case of a 25-year-old woman undergoing a laparoscopic cholecystectomy, who suffered, one min after the beginning of intraperitoneal insufflation of CO2 (2.5 L at a pressure of 10 mmHg), a sudden decrease to 0.8 L.min-1 of the aortic blood flow (ABF), monitored in the descending aorta by an oesophageal echo-Doppler probe, associated with a decrease of PetCO2 to 15 mmHg and of SpO2 readings to 88%. Despite the lack of simultaneous changes in heart rate and arterial pressure, pulmonary gas embolism (GE) was suspected. The pneumoperitoneum was exsufflated and CPR was started because of circulatory inefficiency. Ten min later, efficient spontaneous cardiac activity restarted, whereas PetCO2 and ABF returned rapidly to normal values. At this time, a typical gas noise was clearly obtained through the oesophageal Doppler transducer. The patient remained in deep coma (GCS:6) with a left sided hemiplegia. However, she fully recovered after four sessions of hyperbaric oxygenation. Simultaneous continuous monitoring of ABF and PetCO2 allows an undelayed recognition of major circulatory disturbances, before significant changes in heart rate and arterial pressure occur.
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PMID:[Diagnosis of heart arrest caused by CO2 embolism during laparoscopic surgery by monitoring of aortic blood flow and capnography]. 857 8