Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018991 (hemiplegia)
 3,997 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

There were 17 survivors of severe neonatal respiratory distress treated with IPPV for more than 24 hours (36-520 hrs, mean duration of IPPV 6 days) followed into the second year of life. 11 of these young children were physically and neurologically normal. 3 were developmentally retarded (3 months or more), 2 had neurological defects without mental subnormality. These defects (Hemiplegia and Diplegia) were correlated with low gestational ages (32 and 33 weeks respectively) 1 child was severely defective. This one was treated because of apnea caused by seizures in postmaturity syndrome (44 weeks gestation). The overall incidence of defects was 3/17 (= 17%).
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PMID:[Development after respiratortreatment during the newborn period (author's transl)]. 94 49

Respiratory distress and laryngeal paralysis were found to be caused by a Streptococcus equi abscess of cranial mediastinal lymph nodes, putting pressure on the trachea at the thoracic inlet. Surgical drainage was required to relieve the compression, and long-term antibiotic therapy was used to treat the bacterial infection. The trachea returned to normal diameter but left laryngeal hemiplegia persisted. Peritracheal abscesses should be considered in the differential diagnosis of inspiratory dyspnea of the horse.
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PMID:Tracheal compression secondary to abscessation of cranial mediastinal lymph nodes in a horse. 397 92

An eight-year-old intact male Bernese mountain dog was referred with a history of chronic vomiting, coughing and signs of respiratory distress. Other historical findings included lethargy, weight loss and choking. On presentation, clinical findings were Horner's syndrome, ipsilateral laryngeal hemiplegia, coughing, gagging, respiratory distress and vomiting. Lateral cervical radiographs showed ill-defined mineralisation in the soft tissue ventral to the third cervical vertebra, while ultrasonography of the neck revealed a well marginated heterogeneous mass with focal hyperechogenic lesions and acoustic shadowing. Results of an ultrasound-guided fine needle aspirate suggested neoplasia. At necropsy, a large tumour was detected in the ventral cervical region, originating from the right vagosympathetic trunk. In view of the infiltrating pattern, the cellular pleomorphism and the numerous mitoses on histopathological examination, the tumour was classified as a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour.
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PMID:Cervical neoplasia originating from the vagus nerve in a dog. 1075 81

We report a transient type I factor VIII inhibitor that arose in a 30-year-old hemophilia patient just after staphylococcal septicemia. This situation usually occurs early in the course of substitution therapy with factor VIII concentrate in hemophilia patients. Although disseminated intravascular coagulation and acute respiratory distress syndrome developed after septic shock, the patient recovered following intravenous administration of antibiotics (meropenem and gentamycin), an antithrombin preparation, high-dose methylprednisolone, and recombinant factor VIII concentrate (rFVIII). During this therapy, however, activated partial thromboplastin time gradually lengthened. On the seventh day of hospitalization, intracranial hemorrhage occurred with right hemiplegia, even though the substitution therapy had continued at the same dosage (30 U/kg per day) of rFVIII. At that point, 4 Bethesda units of the type I inhibitor against factor VIII were detected in the plasma. Increased amounts (46 U/kg per day) of rFVIII and prednisolone were administered, and hypothermic therapy was initiated. Following these treatments, the patient's general condition gradually improved, and within 25 days the inhibitor titer dropped to undetectable levels and did not recur during treatment. These clinical findings suggest that the staphylococcal septic shock may have acted as a trigger in the development of transient factor VIII inhibitor in this patient.
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PMID:Transient factor VIII inhibitor in a hemophilia patient after staphylococcal septic shock syndrome. 1119 24

A 65-year-old man with previous history of congestive heart failure and genetically proven Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) was suddenly suffered from aphasia and right hemiplegia. Physical examination showed severe motor aphasia, right hemiplegia, and signs of left heart failure. An echocardiogram before the onset of aphasia showed markedly dilated left ventricle and decreased ventricular contraction. Intracardiac thrombus was not detected. Although his electrocardiogram on admission showed sinus rhythm, atrial fibrillation was noted at the time of neurological deterioration. MRI of the brain revealed acute infarction in the territory of the left middle cerebral artery and the left anterior inferior cerebellar artery. MR angiography showed vascular occlusion at the left M2 segment. Cerebral embolism due to atrial fibrillation associated with BMD-related DCM was diagnosed. While an administration of anti-coagulant, diuretics, and dopamine relieved his respiratory distress and right hemiplegia, severe motor aphasia persisted. Cerebral embolism may be a notable complication in patients with BMD presenting with late-life expression of skeletal muscular weakness and antecedent cardiac involvement.
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PMID:[Cerebral embolism associated with Becker muscular dystrophy-related dilated cardiomyopathy]. 1509 62

A 30-year-old woman at 25 weeks gestation presented to the labour ward complaining of abdominal pain and a painful bruise in her right groin. Over the course of several hours, she developed rapidly spreading necrotising fasciitis of the right thigh. She required emergency radical debridement of the thigh and caesarean delivery of a dead fetus. She was admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with septic shock, where she received ventilatory and inotropic support. Streptococcus pyogenes was isolated from the infected tissue and a diagnosis of group A streptococcal toxic shock-like syndrome (GAS TS-LS) was confirmed. Following acute and rapid haemodynamic deterioration, plasmapheresis was given for 6 days, after which the patient's general condition improved and vasoconstrictor requirement was significantly reduced. Subsequently, immunoglobulin was given intravenously for thrombocytopenia, following which the platelet count steadily improved. Despite the development of acute renal failure, acute respiratory distress syndrome and a left hemiplegia, the patient made a remarkable recovery. She was later transferred to a plastic surgical unit for split skin-grafting. The importance of early diagnosis and aggressive treatment of GAS TS-LS is emphasized and the place of plasmapheresis and intravenous immunoglobulin therapy in this condition is discussed.
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PMID:Necrotising fasciitis and group A streptococcus toxic shock-like syndrome in pregnancy: treatment with plasmapheresis and immunoglobulin. 1532 Nov 56

Rhabdoid tumor of the kidney (RTK) is a rare and highly malignant neoplasm of infancy, with a strong tendency for early metastasis to distant regions. RTK is unique in its significant association with primary or metastatic brain tumors. The authors report the first case of RTK presenting initially with hemiplegia. The patient was found thereafter to have RTK concurrent with pulmonary metastases, a brain tumor, and a cerebral ischemic lesion. Intensive chemotherapy consisting of carboplatin and etoposide alternating with cyclophosphamide was unsuccessful and the patient died 5 months later because of severe respiratory distress resulting from widespread pulmonary metastases.
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PMID:Rhabdoid tumor of the kidney presenting with hemiplegia: report of a case. 1745 78

Scorpion envenomation is caused by an accidental scorpion sting. In its severe form, it involves life-threatening respiratory or cardiac damage; it may also cause the neurological severity of systemic manifestations. We report the case of a young 35-year-old woman stung by an Androctonus mauretanicus scorpion, who developed impaired consciousness, hemiplegia and respiratory distress. At admission, the brain computed tomography showed a hypodense area in the right parietal region; the chest radiograph revealed a bilateral alveolar syndrome. Troponin was elevated and hemostasis disorders were present. The clinical course was remarkable: cardiogenic shock with multiple organ failure followed by death on day 3. This case illustrates a rare complication of scorpion envenomation: ischemic stroke due to an undetermined mechanism, which in addition to the cardiac and respiratory injuries, led to the serious complications and fatal outcome.
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PMID:[Ischemic stroke following a scorpion sting]. 2364 27

A cervical spinal cord injury induces permanent paralysis, and often leads to respiratory distress. To date, no efficient therapeutics have been developed to improve/ameliorate the respiratory failure following high cervical spinal cord injury (SCI). Here we propose a murine pre-clinical model of high SCI at the cervical 2 (C2) metameric level to study diverse post-lesional respiratory neuroplasticity. The technique consists of a surgical partial injury at the C2 level, which will induce a hemiparalysis of the diaphragm due to a deafferentation of the phrenic motoneurons from the respiratory centers located in the brainstem. The contralateral side of the injury remains intact and allows the animal recovery. Unlike other SCIs which affect the locomotor function (at the thoracic and lumbar level), the respiratory function does not require animal motivation and the quantification of the deficit/recovery can be easily performed (diaphragm and phrenic nerve recordings, whole body ventilation). This pre-clinical C2 SCI model is a powerful, useful, and reliable pre-clinical model to study various respiratory and non-respiratory neuroplasticity events at different levels (molecular to physiology) and to test diverse putative therapeutic strategies which might improve the respiration in SCI patients.
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PMID:A murine model of cervical spinal cord injury to study post-lesional respiratory neuroplasticity. 2489 20

We present a case of a 66-year-old Caucasian man with acute respiratory distress. The patient had a history of multiple cerebrovascular accidents which resulted in left hemiplegia, swallowing problems, and aphasia. He was tentatively diagnosed with aspiration pneumonia. However, because of clinical deterioration further investigations concluded to the aspiration of a dental prosthesis. After intubation and stabilization, the prosthesis could be manually extracted. However, the patient developed a Staphylococcus epidermidis sepsis and despite adequate antibiotic therapy, he eventually died. Dental prosthesis aspiration is a medical situation associated with a higher morbidity and mortality rate compared to ingested foreign bodies. It requires a high level of suspicion to ensure a timely diagnosis and life-saving treatment. Thorough history taking is of great importance in case of tracheobronchial aspiration, which is in the adult population mostly secondary to an underlying disorder. In impaired adults with missing dental prostheses there should be extra awareness for this problem. This case report illustrates the importance of a detailed history in case of tracheobronchial aspiration and shows the limitations in the diagnostic usefulness of bedside chest radiography.
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PMID:Dental prosthesis aspiration: An uncommon cause of respiratory distress. 2714 98


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