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Query: UMLS:C0018991 (hemiplegia)
 3,997 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Eight patients were studied 3 to 16 years (mean, 10 years) after cerebral hemispherectomy. Seven have infantile hemiplegia, and one had Sturge-Weber disease. Preoperative assessment included EEG responses to intracarotid drug injections. Postoperative complications occurred in seven patients. The operation was followed by a marked reduction in seizure frequency and improvement in behavior, with little change in intellect or hemiplegia. Neuropsychological assessment performed in four patients showed that they were not aphasic, but nonverbal spatial abilities were poor. CT showed marked shift of the remaining hemisphere in five of six patients scanned.
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PMID:Long-term follow-up after cerebral hemispherectomy: neurophysiologic, radiologic, and psychological findings. 720 Oct 93

In the present study the pathology and treatment of occlusion of cerebral arteries in children were investigated in an attempt to find out an approach to the surgical treatment of cerebral arterial occlusive disease of childhood. We had a total of 55 children with cerebrovascular disorders seen at our Institute during the past 11 years. In this series there were 19 cases of cerebral arterial occlusive disease. The causes in 15 cases of cerebral arterial occlusive disease except for moyamoya disease were heart disease in 7 cases, trauma in 2 cases and unknown in 6 cases. The cerebral arterial occlusive disease had its onset at the age of less than 6 years in 12 of 15 cases. The disease began with hemiplegia of sudden onset. The disease onset was also attended frequently by a convulsive seizure, which distinguishes the condition from that in adults. In 10 of all 15 lesions the site of occlusion was in the distribution of the middle cerebral artery. One case in which there was occlusion of the basilar artery occurring in association with trauma was described in detail. In one instance the treatment consisted of STA-MCA anastomosis. Paroxysmal black out attacks, which had been of frequent occurrence in addition to hemiplegia were relieved postoperatively. In our opinion, STA-MCA anastomosis for cerebral arterial occlusive disease in children should be considered to be indicated only when 1) cerebral angiographic evidence of occlusion or stenosis of a trunk of cerebral artery is still present after the acute stage or 2) no extensive low density area is demonstrable on CT scan. Surgery is generally less indicated in those instances in which the occlusion is due to embolism. However since abscess may arise from such an arterial lesion, surgery should be considered, or at least its feasibility be evaluated, whenever 1) the underlying cardiac pathology well permits surgical intervention and 2) half a year has passed since an initial attack.
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PMID:[Cerebral arterial occlusive disease in children -- clinical aspects and surgical treatment (author's transl)]. 727 22

The clinical and pathologic findings of 7 children and young adults with marantic endocarditis are reviewed. Cerebral embolic infarction attributable to the marantic vegetations occurred in 3 patients. The most common neurologic findings were altered mental status, seizures, and hemiplegia. Five of the 7 patients had had cardiac catheterization. Sepsis, pneumonia, hypoxia, disorders of coagulation, and renal failure were frequently present in these seriously ill patients. In each instance, the diagnosis of marantic endocarditis was unsuspected and established only at autopsy.
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PMID:Marantic endocarditis in children and young adults: clinical and pathological findings. 730 49

We reviewed the charts of all patients with pathologically proven meningiomas who were admitted to the Montreal General Hospital between 1960 and 1977. Of the 80 patients reviewed, we found approximately one third of them had ophthalmological symptoms of which visual loss, field defect, and diplopia were the most common. Most of these patients also had neurological symptoms, but they were often nonspecific. One half of the patients presented with chronic symptomatology such as headache, mental change, and visual loss. One third of the patients presented acutely with seizures, hemiplegia, or dysphasia. Of the investigations done, the angiogram and brain scan were most often diagnostic, while the skull x-ray and EEG were often normal. Meningioma of the sphenoidal ridge, parasellar area, and occiput most often produced visual deficits. In almost one half of these patients, the visual deficit was initially misdiagnosed.
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PMID:Meningioma and the ophthalmologist. A review of 80 cases. 733 2

Two cases of calcification of Striopallidodentate System will be considered. The first refers to a 20-years-old patient and features two small bilateral and symmetrical calcifications in the medial segment of globus pallidum. The first symptom, observed from the age 5 years was, behaviour disorder and, some years later, dystonia. The second case refers to a 54-years-old patient and features huge bilateral and symmetrical calcifications above and below the tentorium. The first symptoms started at the age of 32 with paraesthesiae and muscular contractions of the upper limbs, later with convulsive seizures and tetany and eventually right hemiplegia with aphasia. Study of Ca and P metabolism showed normoparathyroidism in the first case and idiopathic hypoparathyroidism in the second.
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PMID:[Striopallidodentate calcifications. Report of two cases (author's transl)]. 734 49

Five cases of alternating hemiplegia in infancy are reported. Special consideration is given to the associated ictal manifestations (tonic seizures, dystonic posturing and abnormal movements bouts of nystagmus and acute autonomic disturbances), some of which were noted in every case. Previously reported cases are reviewed critically, 14 of whom are considered to belong to the same syndrome as the five presented here. The nosology of the syndrome is discussed, and the differences between alternating hemiplegia and the common types of hemiplegia or basilar migraine are emphasized. Whatever its exact nature, alternating hemiplegia in infancy constitutes a well-defined and recognizable syndrome, with a guarded mental and neurological prognosis.
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PMID:Alternating hemiplegia in infants: report of five cases. 745 Mar 4

In a sample of 83 patients counterbalanced for side of temporal-lobe seizure focus, we examined unawareness of hemiplegia upon clearing of the deficit after bilateral sodium amobarbital injections. Unawareness occurred commonly (66%) and with equal frequency following left and right injections. These findings were not moderated by speech dominance, handedness, sex, or side of seizure focus. Unawareness occurred more frequently after injections contralateral to than ipsilateral to the major seizure focus and was related to objective memory performance after contralateral, but not after ipsilateral, injections. Unawareness of drug-induced hemiplegia was related to the functional status of the temporal lobe independently of hemispheric laterality or degree of frontal lobe inactivation as measured by filling of the anterior cerebral arteries.
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PMID:Do intracarotid barbiturate injections offer a way to investigate hemispheric models of anosognosia? 765 Jan 4

This article discusses the role of hemispherectomy in the treatment of children with intractable seizures associated with hemiplegia. The postnatal development and plasticity of the brain are discussed, leading to a justification for early surgery in appropriate candidates. Methods of investigation, the process of selection, and the various surgical techniques are outlined.
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PMID:Hemispherectomy for the treatment of intractable seizures in childhood. 767 Mar 28

The case of a 35-year-old patient is reported. After a two-week interval following an ORL puncture in the frontal sinuses, the patient showed a suppuration on the right hemisphere and was admitted in the territorial neurosurgical clinic. Due to a progressive neurological impairment (loss of consciousness and left hemiplegia) the patient was transferred to the Neurological Clinic of "G. Marinescu" Hospital, in Bucharest. CT-scanning carried out in 1989, showed multiple empyemas (intrahemispheric, basal, etc.) excluding any surgical treatment. A conservative treatment was administered during a long period including antibiotics, notably cephalosporines (the third generation). Repetition of CT-scanning evidenced a progressive diminution of a total disappearance of septic intracranial collection, hence, an obvious improvement of the patient. After a year of treatment, the patient was considered to be recovered even if he still accused rare epileptic seizures, partially controlled by drug therapy.
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PMID:Conservative treatment for multilocular empyema. Case report. 771 Sep 67

Pituitary apoplexy results from necrosis or haemorrhage of a pituitary adenoma. This rare complication occurs in 2 to 10% of operated adenomas. The acute form results from massive intrapituitary bleeding leading to violent headache, meningeal signs, impaired conscience and ophthalmology signs, basically bilateral blindness. Associated signs are frequent including paralysis of the oculomotor nerves, epilepsy seizure, hemiplegia. Diabetes insipidis is exceptional. In less acute forms, the sudden nature of the headache and ophthalmology signs can suggest diagnosis. Standard X-ray reveals destruction of the sella turcica. Computed tomography shows either a haematoma or a cystic cavity in the pituitary gland which must be perfectly described together with the integrity of the bone structures due to the risk of lysis. Magnetic resonance imaging is an essential technique which can be used to describe the volume and suprasellar extension of the tumour, its texture, possible compression of adjacent structures and determine the age of the haemorrhage. This imaging technique can also isolate rare optochiasmatic apoplexia requiring intracranial evacuation. Emergency surgery is mandatory for most all authors. Rhinal-septal decompression is usually used, but the intracranial route may be preferred for very large suprasellar tumours. Medical treatment alone may be successful for small prolactin adenomas. Outcome depends on the time lapse to decompression. Optic nerve recovery is usually possible if the delay is less than 7 days. Cranial nerve recovery is less dependent on the time interval. In all cases hormone substitution is required.
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PMID:[Pituitary apoplexy]. 854 41


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