Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018991 (hemiplegia)
 3,997 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Fifty-nine children with Japanese encephalitis admitted in Maharaj Nakhon Chiang Mai Hospital since 1984-1985 were studied. The male to female ratio was 1.18:1. The age range was between 1 to 14 years old with 74% in the age range of 6-14 years. The symptoms included change of consciousness (100%), fever (96%), headache (76%), convulsions (59%) and vomiting (52%). The neurologic signs, namely positive meningeal signs (61%), hyperreflexia (61%), positive Babinski's sign (49%) hemiplegia (42%), papilledema (22%), and other cranial nerve palsies (23%) were seen. Abnormal respiration were found in 23% and 8% of cases had hypertension. Most children (81%) had blood leukocytosis with predominant neutrophils. The average CSF white blood cell count was 200 cells per mm. with lymphocytosis in 76 percent of the patients. The average CSF protein was higher than normal. Almost all cases had normal CSF sugar levels. The JEV antibody response, mostly primary type, Occurred in about 62 percent of cases. All children received symptomatic and supportive treatment, such as antipyretics, anticonvulsants, anticerebral edema agents, adequate respiration and nutrition and physical and occupational therapies. Associated complications were treated according to the individual's need. The mortality rate and neurological sequelae were found in 17% and 57% of cases respectively. Eighteen percent of the patients suffered severe neurological sequelae. The neurological sequelae included memory deficit (46%), mental retardation (42%), hemiplegia (34%), emotional and behavioral disturbance (24%), epilepsy (20%), motor aphasia (16%), cranial nerve palsies (16%), involuntary limb movement (8%) and blindness (2%).
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PMID:Japanese encephalitis in children in northern Thailand. 256 17

This article presents a 4-year-old boy who suffered from weakness of the right extremities since birth. Physical examination revealed mild mental retardation and right spastic hemiplegia. No seizures were noted. A brain CT scan showed bilateral clefts along Sylvian fissures, more marked on the left side, which communicated with the lateral ventricle. The septum pellucidum was absent. There was an evident squaring of the frontal horns. The CT findings were consistent with the diagnosis of schizencephaly. When a patient with mental retardation and spastic hemiplegia or diplegia fails to show a history of perinatal cerebral insult, the possibility of schizencephaly should be considered. In that case, a brain CT scan is a rapid and accurate diagnostic tool.
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PMID:[Schizencephaly: report of one case]. 263

The reduction of working ability, because of disease, was considered in 1,053 subjects. 21 groups of maladies were found; the neurological disease and mental retardation (MR) caused various degrees of working inability in 416 subjects, i.e. in the 39.51% of the examined population; orthopaedic changes affected the 15.57% of the patients; psychic disorders determined some inability in 8.93% of the persons. The subjects unable to work receive, by Law, an economic help. This study was limited to neurological patients and to subjects mentally retarded. The working ability was reduced by 5 types of disturbances: neuromotor pathology, mental retardation, mental deterioration and dementia, epilepsy, other neurological diseases. The neuromotor pathology affected 163 subjects; the types of symptomatology: hemiplegia; it was found in 71 patients; 62 times it was the result of cerebrovascular disease; in 4 patients it was caused by a hypoxic-ischaemic pre-perinatal encephalopathy. 43 patients affected by cerebrovascular disease lost their personal autonomy, i.e. they could no longer do the activities of daily living (ADL); 7 patients lost their working ability; 12 subjects kept some ability to work. The hemiplegias which struck after 50 years of age were caused by cerebrovascular disease; paraplegia: 28 paraplegic patients have been seen; the aetiology was: poliomyelitis in 8 subjects; MS in 5 patients; ALS in 2 patients; in 13 patients the aetiology was unknown. 6 patients resulted unable to work; 8 persons kept some working ability; 14 patients lost the ability to do the ADL; tetraplegia, or double/bilateral hemiplegia, was found in 20 patients; the aetiology: poliomyelitis in 4 patients; pre-perinatal hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy in 4 patients; 3 patients of MS; lesion of the cervical spinal cord because of breech delivery in 2 patients; the aetiology was not known in 7 persons. The ability to do the ADL was lost in 17 patients; 3 subjects kept some working ability. Double or bilateral hemiplegia (Little disease) was the model of neuromotor deficit subsequent natal encephalopathy (Infantile Cerebral Palsy, PCI); brachial plexus paralysis was only found from obstetrical (i.e. natal) origin; poliomyelitis and PKU resulted prevented as of 10 years. Mental Retardation (MR) was considered a borderline pathology between neurology and psychiatry; it included 162 subjects: in patients with severe MR a pre-perinatal hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy was found in 40.4% of the cases; in patients affected by moderate or light MR the same encephalopathy was found in the 11.3% of the subjects.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:[Neurologic diseases, mental retardation and reduction in work capacity]. 293 89

Hemiplegic cerebral palsy (CP) was studied in a retrospective population-based series of 169 cases from the South-western Swedish health care region covering the birth years 1969-78. The purpose was to analyse the prevalence, aetiology and neuro-developmental outcome in children born preterm and at term, and to correlate pathogenetic periods, aetiological factors and clinical parameters to neuroradiology. The prevalence at the ages 6-15 years was 0.66 per 1000. Postnatally acquired hemiplegia, mainly postinfectious, iatrogenic or posttraumatic, constituted 11%. Among term children with congenital hemiplegia (pre and perinatally derived) the aetiology was considered prenatal, mainly circulatory brain lesions and maldevelopments, in 42%, combined pre and perinatal in 9%, perinatal (cerebral haemorrhage, hypoxia) in 16% and untraceable in 34%. The corresponding distribution among preterm children was 29%, 47%, 25% and 6%, respectively. The rate of preterm birth among congenital cases was 24%. Birth asphyxia was shown to be a poor indicator of pathogenetic period, whereas a cascade of postpartum complications suggested perinatal brain damage. Clinical follow-up of 152 children revealed that 50% had mild, 31% moderate and 19% severe motor dysfunction. Stereognostic sense was impaired in 44% of the children (astereognosia in 20%). Additional impairments (mental retardation, epilepsy, impaired vision, hearing and speech, severe behavioural/perceptual problems) were present in 42%. Term children with congenital hemiplegia tended to be more severely affected than preterm children. The resulting total handicap was considered mild in 40%, moderate in 44% and severe in 16%. The prevalence of severe total handicap was highest among postnatal cases. Computerised tomography (CT), performed in 109 congenital cases, was normal in 26%, showed unilateral ventricular enlargement in 36% and revealed cortical/subcortical cavities in 20%. In the remaining 18% CT findings were classified as "other". With the classification so far used, correlations between CT findings and aetiologies were unsatisfactory and disappointing. In contrast, CT findings showed a strong correlation with clinical degree of severity and magnitude of associated handicap. As a rule, normal CT implied mild disability and unilateral ventricular enlargement moderate, whereas cortical/subcortical cavities were frequently associated with severe handicap, including mental retardation and epilepsy.
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PMID:Hemiplegic cerebral palsy. Aetiology and outcome. 320 89

A 34-year-old male developed consciousness disturbance; semicoma, on December 15, 1984, and diagnosed as a thalamic hemorrhage perforating into the ventricular system after a computed tomographical (CT) examination. Angiography revealed an arteriovenous malformation (AVM) in the right posterior thalamic region, which was fed by a posteromedial choroidal artery. He was transferred to our neurosurgical clinic on February 18, 1985. On admission, he was alert, however, disorientation and slight mental retardation were seen as well as Parinaud's sign. Mild left hemiparesis was also detected with equivocal hypesthesia on the left lower limb. The AVM was subtotally removed on March, 12, via transventricular approach after right parietooccipital craniotomy. Consciousness disturbance (drowsy) and left hemiplegia developed after the operation, however, these deteriorations were transient, recovering to the preoperative or better status by 2 weeks after the operation. Postoperative repetitive examinations of the sensory perceptibility of various modalities revealed remarkable disturbance or complete loss of perception in joint and vibration senses (0-3/10 compared to the healthy left side). Touch sensation was also severely deteriorated (0-3/10) on the affected extremities. The disturbances in these modalities of the sensation did not show any trend to improve until the time of discharge on 57th postoperative day. On the other hand, pain and temperature sensations were less remarkably disturbed (5-8/10), and with tendency of gradual improvement. Estimation of the range of lesion by the CT scan with projecting on the Schaltenbrand & Bailey's atlas revealed that the nucleus ventralis caudalis, centre-median nucleus and pulvinar thalami were involved.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Dissociative sensory disturbance after removal of an arteriovenous malformation in the posterior thalamic region]. 379 Mar 63

Two cases of a complex brain malformation including the absence of a septum pellucidum and bilateral porencephaly were reported and compared with Aicardi's cases. The two cases have congenital hemiplegia or double hemiplegia and mental retardation, and one of them has optic atrophy. CT scans revealed the absence of a septum pellucidum and a specific position and shape of the clefts. The syndrome of the absence of a septum pellucidum and porencephaly may represent a specific type of true porencephaly, and the cause must occur before 16 weeks of gestation.
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PMID:The syndrome of the absence of a septum pellucidum with porencephaly. 382 56

43 pre-term newborns with birth weight of less than 1,500 grams who had been admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of the Department of Pediatrics of the University Clinic, Bonn, between 1971 and 1977, were reexamined on age between 1-7 years. A severe neurological handicap (hemiplegia with mental retardation) was present in only one child. There was no child with convulsions. Signs of minor cerebral dysfunction were present in five children. Developmental retardation of mild degree was observed in eight children. 28 children were entirely normal. Our results are in accordance with the encouraging reports of other recent authors concerning the improving long-term prognosis of very-low-birth-weight pre-term infants.
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PMID:[Follow-up pre-term newborns with birth weight of less than 1500 grams now aged between 1-7 years (author's transl)]. 611 1

The authors report a case of Parry-Romberg disease with predominantly facial left atrophy, seizures, amnesic aphasia, mental retardation, right hemiplegia and hemianesthesia, and cerebellar syndrome. The rarity of cerebellar atrophy (only one case thus far reported in the literature surveyed) is emphasized, as well as the correlation between the clinical abnormalities and the computerized axial tomography of the skull.
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PMID:[Progressive facial hemiatrophy: report of a case]. 646 49

Early and specific data on the typical calcifications seen in Sturge-Weber's syndrome are provided by computed tomography. The importance of this investigation is emphasized by the fact that standard radiographs and arteriography do not always produce clearcut results--facial angioma, epilepsy, mental retardation, hemiplegia, hemianopsia--the symptomatology can be less evident and even minimal.
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PMID:[Peculiar clinical and x-ray computed tomographic aspects in Sturge-Weber disease. Bilateral occipital calcifications without facial angioma]. 648 90

The Sturge-Weber syndrome is a congenital anomaly that is characterized principally by unilateral angiomatosis of the skin, cerebral meninges and choroid of the eye. It may be attended by mental retardation, convulsions, hemiplegia, and visual disturbances. The complete syndrome is rare. We herewith report a case of the syndrome fairly fully developed.
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PMID:The Sturge-Weber syndrome. 705 30


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