Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0018991 (hemiplegia)
 3,997 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We evaluated the bone mineral density (BMD) of the bilateral femurs in 112 patients with hemiplegia using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in order to elucidate the effect of disuse and immobilization. BMD of the paretic side was significantly reduced compared with that of the non-paretic side in hemiplegic patients (femoral neck 0.582 +/- 0.014 g/cm2 versus 0.623 +/- 0.014 g/cm2 and total femur 0.645 +/- 0.02 g/cm2 versus 0.702 +/- 0.017 g/cm2; mean +/- SEM, P < 0.01, respectively). Femoral BMD in both the paretic and nonparetic limb had significantly (P < 0.01) lower values than in age- and sex-matched controls, but the paretic side had a more significant reduction of BMD; femoral neck -20% versus -14% and total femur -24% versus -18%. In addition, patients with impaired activities of daily living (ADL), evaluated by a mobility score, had significantly decreased BMD ratios of paretic/nonparetic side than patients with improved ADL (femoral neck 91% versus 97%, P < 0.01 and total femur 89% versus 94%, P < 0.05). Our results indicated that BMD of both femurs of patients with hemiplegia was reduced, although the paretic side showed a greater BMD decrease. This decrease might be prevented or reduced by improvement of ADL.
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PMID:Alterations of bone mineral density of the femurs in hemiplegia. 776 34

Postural control during reaching with the dominant arm was assessed in 58 preterm children with cerebral palsy (CP) aged 2 to 11 years, comprising 34 with spastic hemiplegia (17 males, 17 females) and 24 with bilateral spastic CP (bilateral CP; 15 male, 9 females). Assessments were made by multiple surface electromyogram (EMG) and kinematic recording. Mean gestational age at birth for the children with spastic hemiplegia and those with bilateral CP was 28.6 weeks (SEM 0.33) and 28.2 weeks (SEM 0.34) respectively; their mean birthweights were 1158 g (SEM 58) and 1190 g (SEM 59) respectively. All but one of the children with spastic hemiplegia could walk without restriction, the exception being a child who had self-mobility with limitations. In the group of children with bilateral CP, nine walked without assistive devices, 10 could walk with assistive devices, and five children needed a wheelchair for self-mobility. Comparison data of 29 typically developing children (10 males, 19 females) born at term with appropriate birthweight were available. Results indicated that in most children with CP the basic level of postural control ('direction-specificity', i.e. muscle activation on the side opposite to direction of body sway) was intact. However, the children with CP showed dysfunctions in: (1) recruitment order of the postural muscles, i.e. they exhibited a stereotyped top-down recruitment; and (2) the ability to modulate muscle contraction (that registers on EMG) to task-specific conditions. The latter dysfunction was more pronounced in children with bilateral CP than in those with spastic hemiplegia. Postural dysfunctions were correlated to some extent with the degree of disability in everyday activities as assessed by the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory.
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PMID:Postural control during reaching in preterm children with cerebral palsy. 1507 3