Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018991 (hemiplegia)
 3,997 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Oppenheimer and Fischberg's vasoconstriction-hypothesis on the pathogenesis of hypertensive encephalopathy was subsequently supported by animal experiments. Later on the role of decompensation of the autoregulatory mechanism of the cerebral blood flow was revealed. The transient symptomatology comprises headache, seizures, focal cerebral symptoms (hemiplegia etc.), visual disturbances, mental disorders, papiledema etc. The age-dependency of the influence of edema is probably expressed by the predominance of seizures in childhood and the long duration of the symptoms in our third and fourth patient. The differentiation between hypertensive encephalopathy and a local complication of hypertension (hemorrhage) can be difficult, not at least because the first disturbance may be followed by the second (patient 3). Hypertension is not always present as initial symptom (patient 1 and 2). Hence a series of blood pressure readings is required in acute cerebral incidents in childhood. Steroid-treatment may lead, especially in patients suffering from a hypocomplementemic form of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, to a sudden rise of the blood pressure and subsequently to hypertensive encephalopathy (patients 2 and 3). Hypertensive encephalopathy is a neuropediatric emergency. The urgent treatment with dioxaside, fursemide and sodium nitroprusside is shortly reviewed.
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PMID:Hypertensive encephalopathy in childhood. Diagnostic problems. 98 19

Two teenage boys were treated at separate pediatric institutions for four separate pheochromocytomas over the last 15 years. The first operation in each boy was performed between 9 and 11 years of age, after they presented with severe hypertensive encephalopathy. One boy had separate adrenal tumors excised in 1968, and 3 and 11 years later, two more separate new left adrenal pheochromocytomas were again resected. They were not recurrent left adrenal tumors from residual pheochromocytoma-secreting tissue, because no visible tumor tissue was left behind at the completion of each previous operation, and he was clinically well for years between each tumor resection. The pathology was benign pheochromocytoma. He remains well since the last operation in 1979 but has a residual hemiplegia from the first tumor. The family history is negative. The second boy was first operated on in 1976 at age 11 years when two benign pheochromocytomas were removed from around the right renal artery and the left para-aortic area. He remained well for 6 years when he became hypertensive again (this time without encephalopathy), and had a right chest paravertebral pheochromocytoma removed and several weeks later a left adrenal tumor was also removed. He remains well and followed closely. His family history is negative.
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PMID:Two boys with four pheochromocytomas each. 377 11

Involvement of the central nervous system (CNS) is a major complication of renal hypertension and is usually due to hypertensive encephalopathy. During a 17-year period we observed 25 children with renal hypertension associated with CNS manifestations in the absence of (group A) and 33 in the presence of advanced renal failure (group B). Convulsions were the most important symptom (65% in both groups combined). Other manifestations were reduced consciousness (69%), visual disturbances (28%), hemiplegia (14%), and cranial nerve palsy (10%). In 56% of children in group A, hypertension was recognised only after appearance of CNS symptoms. Three patients in group A and 19 in group B died. Intracranial haemorrhage associated with hemiplegia was found in 3 cases. From 1970-1977 to 1978-1986 the number of patients and the mortality in group B declined dramatically, probably as a result of improved antihypertensive and renal replacement therapy. In contrast, in group A the number of patients and of CNS symptoms remained similar. The study underlines the importance of frequent blood pressure monitoring in presence of acute or chronic renal disease.
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PMID:Involvement of the central nervous system in renal hypertension. 844 7