Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018991 (hemiplegia)
 3,997 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML) is an opportunistic infection of the brain in advanced stages of AIDS. PML is caused by the JC virus, which leads to a decline in mental acuity and motor functions over a period of weeks or months. Currently, there is no treatment or cure for PML. Cidofovir, an antiviral agent, at the standard dosages for the treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) was implemented in the treatment and management of a 35-year-old, newly diagnosed AIDS, White male with PML. The patient presented with impaired motor functions of the left upper and lower extremities, which resulted in hemiparalysis and hemiparesis. The use of cidofovir infusions at standard recommendations for treatment and management of CMV has resulted in improvement and some resolution of the patient's paralysis and paresthesia. The patient has remained on the cidofovir for more than a year, with no signs of advancement of his PML or AIDS. Further investigation and extensive clinical trials are needed in the treatment and management of PML with the use of cidofovir.
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PMID:A case study: the use of cidofovir for the management of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. 1039 61

Nocardia is typically regarded as an opportunistic infection, with pulmonary nocardiosis frequently disseminated to organs hematogenous by, and nearly half of these cases resulting in complicated nocardia brain abscess. Disseminated nocardia has a dismal prognosis with high mortality, and should be checked for multiple organs including the brain when nocardiosis is diagnosed. We describe the successful treatment of nocardia brain abscesses in an immunocompetent older people with pneumoconiosis by combining trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and ciprofloxacin. Patients had no history of fever, headache, or respiratory symptoms such as cough, or sputum until the acute hemiplegia episode. Nocardia infection is not as rare as generally assumed and should be considered as a possibility in the elderly due to its high mortality.
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PMID:[Case report of disseminated nocardiosis complicated in an elderly person with pneumoconiosis]. 1717 62

The incidence of opportunistic infection has decreased since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy, so lymphoma is now far and away the most lethal complication of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. We have experienced four cases of NHL in AIDS patients. The first patient was a 37 year old male who presented with left sided hemiplegia due to CNS lymphoma. The second patient was a 40 year old male who was admitted because of jaundice; he was diagnosed as having lymphoma that exclusively involved the liver. The third patient was a 38-year-old male who presented with palpable mass in the left cervical region, which was diagnosed as lymphoma. Above three cases were confirmed as diffuse large B cell lymphoma. The fourth patient presented with a protruding swollen chest wall mass on the right side of his chest, this was determined pathologically to be the Burkitt's type. The latter case is the first report of NHL involving the chest wall musculature in a Korean AIDS patient.
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PMID:Four cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in AIDS patients. 1724 12

A male intravenous drug abuser who was infected with hepatitis B and C, presented with a slowly progressive hemiplegia. Contrast enhanced computerized tomography of the head showed a solitary ring-enhanced mass with surrounding edema. Clinically brain tumor was suspected but a brain biopsy confirmed cerebral toxoplasmosis. An HIV test was not considered until the result of brain biopsy. He also had lymphopenia and positive serum toxoplasma antibody. His subsequent HIV test was positive. He deteriorated after a brain biopsy. Empirical antitoxoplasma treatment is recommended in HIV-positive patients with ring-enhanced lesions with surrounding edema and with positive toxoplasma serology. Cerebral toxoplasmosis is still the commonest cerebral opportunistic infection in HIV-infected patients even though the incidence has declined with the use of antiretroviral therapy. It is often diagnosed in those patients as an initial presentation of HIV infection or in those who failed to attend for disease monitoring. Clinical features and differential diagnosis of cerebral toxoplasmosis in immunocompromised patients are discussed.
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PMID:A 'brain tumor' in an intravenous drug abuser. 2036 Aug 90