Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018991 (hemiplegia)
 3,997 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Paraneoplastic nephrotic syndrome (NS) in the setting of membranous nephropathy (MN) is a well-known and often prodromal complication of renal and extrarenal malignancy. Primary cerebral lymphoma is a rare neoplasm uncommonly investigated in the setting of NS. We describe for the first time a case of primary cerebral lymphoma in association with MN. An elderly woman presented for renal biopsy because an NS had been diagnosed previously and treated by steroid therapy. Primary membranous glomerulonephritis was diagnosed and immunosuppressive therapy was started. Twenty days later, she was readmitted because of left hemiplegia. Computed tomography and subsequent nuclear magnetic resonance evaluation of the brain documented an extensive cerebral space-occupying lesion. A cerebral malignant lymphoma was diagnosed at intraoperative histologic evaluation, and subsequent light microscopic and immunohistochemical studies allowed the diagnosis of peripheral T-cell lymphoma. Extensive clinical workup, including bone marrow biopsy, documented the lack of any neoplastic involvement outside the brain. Primary cerebral non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of peripheral T-cell derivation consequently was diagnosed. This case suggests that patients with MN, particularly elderly patients, should undergo complete screening for neoplasms. The absence of specific guidelines on this topic may be due partly to the lack of extensive description of all newly identified cases. All cases should be reported to evaluate whether this association is causal or fortuitous.
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PMID:Primary cerebral lymphoma and membranous nephropathy: a still unreported association. 1204 53

Moyamoya syndrome (MMS) is a rare, chronic progressive cerebrovascular occlusive disease that is characterized by a stenosis or occlusion of the bilateral internal carotid arteries and the circle of Willis arteries leading to the development of collateral vessels as visualized by cerebral angiography. We report a case of a 24-year-old woman with nephrotic syndrome whose biopsy showed membranous nephropathy. Ten months after the diagnosis she suffered sudden right hemiplegia and seizure. She was diagnosed with MMS by angiogram seven months ago and received decompressive craniotomy. The patient was admitted to our hospital and a diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was made. Glucocorticoids and tacrolimus were used to control the symptoms of SLE. Following one month of immunosuppressant treatment, the patient died of brain hemorrhage. This case alongside another six reviewed cases shows that an underlying cerebrovascular lesion of moyamoya in the vessels of patients with SLE is susceptible to cerebrovascular accidents.
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PMID:Systemic lupus erythematosus associated with Moyamoya syndrome: a case report and literature review. 2357 43

We report two cases of cerebral venous thrombosis as a complication of nephrotic syndrome. No urine protein or kidney disease was noted in either case. The patients were diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome after admission to our hospital. Case 1: The patient was a 46-year-old man. He experienced headache and vomiting the day after he drank heavily. Contrast brain computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a defect in the transverse sinus, straight sinus, and superior sagittal sinus. His blood was hemo-concentrated, and blood test results indicated high D-dimer and fibrinogen levels and decrease of antithrombin III. Case 2: The patient was an 89-year-old woman. After the diarrhea lasted suffering from ischemic colitis, she developed left hemiplegia and headache. Brain CT revealed hematoma in the subcortical region of the right frontal lobe and a high signal in the straight sinus. The superior sagittal sinus showed high-signal intensity on T1-weighted MRI and mild high-signal intensity on T2-weighted MRI. High fibrinogen levels were detected in the blood. Patients with nephrotic syndrome have a thrombotic tendency; both venous thrombosis and arterial thrombosis may occur. In the literature, the number of published cases of cerebral venous thrombosis was 10-fold that of cerebral artery thrombosis as a complication of nephrotic syndrome in individuals aged <20 years. In adults, however, the number of cerebral venous thrombosis was 2-fold that of cerebral artery thrombosis cases were reported. Nephrotic syndrome shows a thrombotic tendency, but cerebral venous thrombosis may develop as a result of another thrombotic factor. Management of life along with the conventional treatment of nephrotic syndrome is important.
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PMID:[Cerebral venous thrombosis as a complication of nephrotic syndrome--a case report and literature review]. 2499 Aug 34