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Query: UMLS:C0018991 (hemiplegia)
 3,997 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 12-year-old girl with serologically-proved Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection developed right-sided hemiparalysis 10 days after the onset of the disease. Cerebral infarction was documented by cranial computed tomography; cerebral angiography revealed left carotid artery occlusion. Cerebrospinal fluid examination was normal. Cerebral infarction is a rare central nervous system complication of M. pneumoniae infection; however, occlusion of the internal carotid artery near the bifurcation has never been demonstrated; therefore, this patient with central nervous system complication of M. pneumoniae infection is unique.
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PMID:Internal carotid artery occlusion associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. 162 26

The incidence of infections of the central nervous system caused by Mycoplasma hominis in newborn infants is not known. However, such infections occur in both full-term and premature infants, either with or without malformations such as myelomeningocele. M. hominis has also been recovered from brain abscesses. Infected infants usually present with signs of meningitis or meningoencephalitis. Hydrocephalus may develop. The cerebrospinal fluid characteristically has a reduced glucose content and an elevated protein concentration. The white blood cell count is high, with a predominance of either mono- or polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Cerebrospinal fluid yields M. hominis but not other bacteria. Some newborn infants with M. hominis infection of the central nervous system die, whereas others survive and become healthy. In spite of adequate antibiotic therapy, some of those infected develop sequelae such as hemiplegia. Therapy with tetracycline or lincomycin can rapidly eradicate the organism from cerebrospinal fluid.
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PMID:Mycoplasma hominis infection of the central nervous system in newborn infants. 666 77

Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection is no longer a benign condition it was originally thought to be. Many extrapulmonary manifestations affecting major organ systems like the central nervous system, cardiovascular system, haematological system, gastrointestinal system, musculoskeletal system and renal system have been described. Early recognition of these manifestations is often difficult and serological diagnosis may not be helpful. Three patients with large pleural effusions, encephalitis, hemiplegia, hepatitis, autoimmune haemolytic anaemia and renal failure are discussed to highlight the many varied presentations associated with this infection.
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PMID:Unusual manifestations of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in children. 855 96

Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pn.) commonly causes respiratory tract infections in humans. In a certain percentage of cases it may also be associated with various peripheral and central nervous system manifestations. We report a case of a 38-year-old previously healthy man who presented with hemiplegia and somnolence after he had suffered from a febrile respiratory infection 10 days earlier. Clinical features and laboratory investigations supported the diagnosis of an acute M. pneumoniae-associated meningoencephalitis. He was treated by an aggressive antibiotic and immunomodulatory regimen over the course of several weeks in the neurocritical care unit. Decompressive hemicraniectomy was performed due to life-threatening raised intracranial pressure. However, the patient recovered almost completely and presented with a mild neurological deficit after 3 months. Based on this case we give a review of the literature and discuss potential pathomechanisms and diagnostic approaches.
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PMID:[Fulminant meningoencephalitis associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in adults. Aggressive treatment enabled a good outcome]. 1510 15

We describe a seven-year-old girl with severe pneumonia probably associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae who developed right-sided hemiparalysis and right central facial paralysis soon after the onset of the disease. Cerebral magnetic resonance imaging revealed left corpus striatum acute infarction and magnetic resonance angiography demonstrated left internal carotid artery occlusion. She also had positive antiphospholipid and anticardiolipin antibodies and increased fibrinogen and D-dimer levels.
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PMID:Internal carotid artery occlusion associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in a child. 1684 21

Despite frequent colonization with Mycoplasma hominis, the invasive disease is rare in neonates. This study describes a neonatal case with meningitis in which M. hominis was isolated from a cerebrospinal fluid sample by culture and detected by PCR. The M. hominis infection was confirmed by elevated metabolic inhibition titers against the isolated M. hominis strain and anti-M. hominis antibodies in serum samples. Minocycline and moxifloxacin were effective against M. hominis, which caused meningitis in the patient. However, the patient exhibited left hemiplegia because of massive brain infarction. Based on data of the previously reported 28 cases in addition to our case, the high morbidity and mortality of the M. hominis central nervous system infection were confirmed; it was assumed to result from delayed diagnosis and ineffective initial therapy. Early diagnosis and prompt initiation of appropriate antimicrobial treatment are necessary for a favorable prognosis. Fourth-generation fluoroquinolones, especially moxifloxacin, deserve wider use in such cases.
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PMID:Mycoplasma hominis meningitis in a neonate: case report and review. 1879 May 39

Acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis (AHL) is a rare demyelinating disease mainly affecting children, characterized by acute onset, progressive course and high mortality. A 62-year-old man was admitted to our Unit for diplopia and ataxia ensuing 2 weeks after the onset of pneumonia. MRI T2-weighted images showed signal hyperintensities in the brainstem. Antibodies against Mycoplasma Pneumoniae and cold agglutinins were found. Two weeks later the patient had a worsening of his conditions: he developed left hemiplegia with motor focal seizures and the day after he was deeply comatose (GCS = 4). A second MRI scan showed extensive hyperintensities involving the whole right hemisphere white matter with a small parietal hemorrhagic area. The clinical and neuroimaging features suggested the diagnosis of AHL, Aciclovir in association with steroid therapy were administered and then plasmapheresis was started. After 30 days of coma, the patient gradually reacquired consciousness and motor functions; anyway a left hemiplegia persisted.
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PMID:Acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis with atypical features. 1914 2

Our objective is to present a case of an uncommon complication associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in a child where cortical blindness was the main clinical feature. Stroke due to an infection by M. pneumoniae is very uncommon. No consensus has been reached on the pathogenesis, although several pathogenic mechanisms have been proposed. Occlusion of posterior cerebral circulation is the most uncommon central nervous system complication of M. pneumoniae infection being reported. Symptoms are usually hemiplegia and dysarthria. We report a case of a 6-year-old boy who suffered cortical blindness due to a stroke 2 days after M. pneumoniae infection. This is the first case of documented cortical blindness due to posterior cerebral arteries occlusion in children after M. pneumoniae infection.
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PMID:Cortical Blindness in a Child Secondary to Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection. 2778 54