Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018991 (hemiplegia)
 3,997 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A large epidemic (February-August 1988) of group A sulphonamide resistant, clone III-1 meningococcal meningitis in Khartoum, Sudan is described. A total of 10,099 cases were admitted to treatment centers with 8,397 cases during March and April, corresponding to an annual incidence of 1,679/100,000 inhabitants during this period. The age profile showed a high morbidity in adults (31% of the cases greater than or equal to 20 years). The male dominance was marked especially in the adult cases with a proportion of 3.2:1. The epidemic started during the hot and dry season and declined when the clouds came, humidity rose, temperature fell and a mass vaccination campaign had been implemented together with other epidemic precautions. Vaccination with a combined group A/C polysaccharide vaccine had been given 4 weeks-1 year before hospitalization to 11% of the children, 80% of whom were greater than 18 months of age. The estimated case fatality rate was 6.3%. Since 47% of the cases came from periurban and rural areas, the actual mortality during the epidemic might have been higher when considering those who may have died before reaching any of the treatment centres. Fatal cases had a short history of acute illness and a septic condition. Septicaemia was rare and seen in only 3.7% of the cases, the rest had acute purulent meningitis. Hearing loss/impairment and hemiplegia was diagnosed in 2-3% of the cases. The epidemiology, based on detailed typing/subtyping and restriction enzyme patterns of meningococcal strains, was apparently associated with the Mecca outbreak in August 1987.
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PMID:Features of a large epidemic of group A meningococcal meningitis in Khartoum, Sudan in 1988. 235 40

Between December 1985 and July 1986 a study on cerebral palsy was undertaken among the inpatients and outpatients of the department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Muhimbili Medical Centre Centre, Dar Es Salaam. The objective of the study was to determine the clinical pattern of cerebral palsy and its associated handicaps. During this period, 100 children with cerebral palsy 56 boys and 44 girls ranging in age between four months and 10 years were seen. The commonest type of cerebral palsy seen was spastic tetraplegia which occurred in 36 percent of the cases followed by spastic diplegia and hemiplegia seen in 20 and 15 percent of the cases respectively. In 70 children the cerebral palsy was associated with other severe handicaps, the commonest being epilepsy which occurred in 35 percent of the children followed by deafness, speech disorders and blindness. Birth asphyxia, convulsions of undetermined causes, low birth weight, meningitis and cerebral birth trauma were found to be the leading causes of cerebral palsy. As these conditions are largely preventable or amendable to treatment, it is suggested that improvement of antenatal and perinatal care is important in the reduction of the incidence of cerebral palsy.
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PMID:Cerebral palsy in Dar Es Salaam. 239 97

Thirty-seven consecutive adults and 2 children with tuberculosis of the nervous system were studied. Twenty-eight patients (72%) had intracranial or intraspinal tuberculomas and only 11 patients (28%) had tuberculous meningitis. Of the 14 patients (36%) with intracranial tuberculomas 6 presented with epilepsy of late onset including convulsive status epilepticus(2). The 6 patients with multiple tuberculomas some of which were situated in the infratentorial compartment were surprisingly free of major neurological disability of systemic disturbance. Thirteen patients (33%) presented with spinal cord compression due to tuberculoma. Eight of these had associated bony abnormalities such as collapsed vertebrae and loss of pedicles usually regarded as characteristic of malignant disease and 2 presented with clinical features of acute transverse myelitis. Eleven patients (28%) had tuberculous meningitis. One of these died, 1 had a protracted illness with gait ataxia and hydrocephalus and 1 other patient was disabled by hemiplegia, dysphasia and epilepsy but the remaining 8 recovered fully. Tuberculosis outside the nervous system was found in 13 patients (33%) in 12 (31%) of whom it was pulmonary. Acid fast bacilli were demonstrated by Ziehl-Neelsen stain in 16 patients (52%) out of 31 from whom specimens were available. Mycobacterium tuberculosis was eventually cultured from only 6 specimens. These data suggest that the clinical and radiological features of tuberculosis of the nervous system in Saudi Arabia may differ substantially from those reported from other countries. In our study there was low morbidity and low fatality rate. Two patients had infratentorial tuberculomas, and 8 patients had bony abnormalities in the vertebral column, typical of malignant disease.
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PMID:Tuberculosis of the nervous system. A clinical, radiological and pathological study of 39 consecutive cases in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. 272 75

Neuropediatric emergencies are reviewed. In particular in this topic the Authors point out the diseases in which an immediate treatment is required. Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, acute neonatal metabolic disease, seizures disorders and status epilepticus, meningitis, encephalitis, post viral neurological syndromes, acute hemiplegia, coma, acute endocranial hypertension are discussed with special emphasis on the possible causes and treatment.
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PMID:[Neurologic emergencies in children]. 307 30

Two cases of promyelocytic leukemia (APL) with central nervous system leukemia (CNS-L) are reported. The first case displayed some symptoms similar to meningitis at onset, and the second case, during induction therapy suddenly developed left hemiplegia and was found to have CNS-L. There have been only a few case reports of APL associated with CNS-L and each has said that APL was rarely accompanied by CNS-L. Yet, of the reports registered with the Joint Committee for Hematologic neoplasm in Japan, the incidence of APL with CNS-L is not much lower than any of the other types of acute non-lymphocytic leukemia that can accompany a CNS-L. There fore, we feel that CNS-L should not be overlooked as an important prognostic consideration in APL cases.
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PMID:[Acute promyelocytic leukemia with central nervous system leukemia--a report of two cases]. 317 21

We examined a young patient with sickle cell anemia and a history of spinal meningitis who presented with signs of Weber's syndrome. Weber's syndrome is manifested by a homolateral third nerve palsy and contralateral hemiplegia. Evaluation and management of this case is presented, with a discussion on the probable association of Weber's syndrome and the spinal meningitis that occurred.
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PMID:Weber's syndrome. 323 Feb 43

Diagnosis of brucella meningitis was made in 10 patients by serological tests on blood and cerebrospinal fluid using Rose Bengal, standard agglutination, indirect immunofluorescent and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) tests and by blood and CSF culture. All patients had significantly elevated antibody titres. In three Br. melitensis was isolated both from blood and CSF and in a further three from blood only. Eight patients were 30 years old or less and seven were female. Seven patients had a history of contact with livestock and had consumed raw milk. Meningitis occurred in five, meningoencephalitis with hemiplegia in one, paraplegia and cranial nerve palsies in one and psychosis and/or nightmares in three. Transient Parkinsonism was seen in one patient and generalized rigidity and non-Parkinsonian tremors in another. Computerized tomography revealed ventricular dilation in one patient and punctate hyperdense, non-enhancing shadows in the lentiform nuclei in two others. Treatment with a combination of tetracycline, rifampicin and streptomycin was successful.
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PMID:Brucella meningitis: presentation, diagnosis and treatment--a prospective study of ten cases. 362 3

Two young male homosexuals developed prodromal syndrome followed by penicillin-responsive meningitis and the acute onset of pure motor hemiplegia. The clinical and laboratory features are consistent with meningovascular neurosyphilis. Basis pontis infarctions were subsequently demonstrated on magnetic resonance imaging scans. To our knowledge, this is the first description of syphilitic arteritis as a pathophysiologic basis for pure motor hemiplegia.
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PMID:Pure motor hemiplegia due to meningovascular neurosyphilis. 363 80

This case was 36-year-old female with the past history of pulmonary tuberculosis on her 10 years old. During the treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis, transient tetraparesis appeared, and improved completely. She was admitted to our hospital, complaining sensory disturbance of left face and arm on July 25, 1983. Plain skull roentogenogram showed calcification at the base of brain. Computerized tomography (CT scan) showed dilatation of lateral and third ventricles. Cerebral angiograms revealed an occlusion of the right internal carotid artery and the left middle cerebral artery, the stenosis of the basilar artery and bilateral posterior cerebral arteries, transdural anastomosis (so-called vault moyamoya), leptomeningeal anastomosis and moyamoya vessels at the base of brain. Four days after the admission, left hemiplegia appeared suddenly. Because the findings of CT scan and angiogram showed no change, conservative treatment was performed and motor disturbance improved. Biopsy of the calcified mass was carried out and histological findings suggested an old inflammation. Based on the clinical course and examination, it was considered that moyamoya vessels of this case had been formed as a result of tuberculous meningitis. Up to now, only 6 cases with moyamoya vessels at the base of brain coursed by tuberculous meningitis Up to now, only 6 cases with moyamoya vessels at the base of brain coursed by tuberculous meningitis have been reported. In our case, neurological symptoms appeared 26 years after tuberculous meningitis and occlusive changes were seen in bilateral carotid system and vertebrobasilar system.
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PMID:[A case showing angiographically moyamoya vessels combined with intracranial calcification]. 370 37

The clinical courses of 31 episodes of brain abscess and one episode of meningitis occurring in patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia are reviewed. Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations were demonstrable in all but two patients and presumably permitted septic microemboli to evade the normal pulmonary capillary filter and lodge in the brain. Obtundation, headache, visual disturbances, hemiplegia, and seizures were the most common presenting features. Cyanosis, clubbing, polycythemia, and hypoxemia were routinely encountered, but leukocytosis and fever were present in a minority of cases, and all blood cultures were sterile. Anaerobic and microaerophilic streptococci were the commonest pathogens found in the brain abscesses. Thirteen patients died, and patients without abscess drainage or with delayed diagnosis had a higher mortality rate. A brain abscess may develop in approximately 1 percent of patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia, and awareness of this risk should lead to early investigation of any patient with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia who has neurologic symptoms.
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PMID:Central nervous system infections associated with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia. 637 93


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