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Query: UMLS:C0018991 (hemiplegia)
 3,997 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cerebral infarcts in children are rather rare and in most cases no precise etiology is established. The authors describe a case of cryptogenetic cerebral infarction in a 9-year-old boy. The child presented an acute onset of hemiplegia in the right arm and leg, central facial palsy, dysarthria and steppage. The infarction was proved by Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Laboratory and instrumental studies rule out all known causes of brain infarction. The only possible etiopathogenetic hypothesis was a varicella arteritis which occurred 45 days before the clinical manifestation.
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PMID:Cerebral infarction in a child. A case report. 140 87

Varicella-zoster (VZ) virus is a rare cause of CNS angiitis, which commonly presents as herpes zoster ophthalmicus with contralateral hemiplegia due to hemispheric infarction. We report the first case of VZ-angiitis with infarction in the ventral pons, following cervical herpes zoster.
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PMID:Cervical herpes zoster and delayed brainstem infarction. 166 Mar 82

A previously healthy 5-year-old boy developed cerebral vasculopathy, presenting as two episodes of acute hemiparesis 3 and 9 months, respectively, after a primary varicella infection (chickenpox). This association has not been reported before, to our knowledge, although cerebral vasculopathy is a well-known complication of herpes zoster ophthalmicus. The diagnosis was based on the presence of oligoclonal varicella-specific IgG in the cerebrospinal fluid and angiographic findings. Clinical and angiographic follow-up, and serial thymidine kinase activity levels in the cerebrospinal fluid suggested a self-limiting course of the virus-induced vasculopathy. Varicella zoster virus seems to be another potential causative agent to be considered in acute childhood hemiplegia.
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PMID:Cerebral vasculopathy associated with primary varicella infection. 195 9

We report 4 children who developed acute hemiplegia 7 weeks to 4 months after varicella infection. In 2 patients, carotid angiography demonstrated segmental narrowing and occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. Their clinical and angiographic features were similar to those associated with contralateral hemiplegia after herpes zoster ophthalmicus, the pathogenesis of which comprises cerebral angiitis due to varicella zoster viral infection. We believe that our patients had the same pathogenesis. In a survey of infectious diseases in our region, the frequency of varicella with delayed hemiparesis was roughly 1:6,500 varicella patients.
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PMID:Varicella with delayed hemiplegia. 220 64

Granulomatous angiitis of the central nervous system is an uncommon condition characterized by vascular wall necrosis, inflammatory exudate and development of giant cells in medium and small size vessels. The pathogenesis of this disease remains unknown, but it has been associated with immune complexes, mechanical factors and infection by the varicella-zoster virus. We report a young patient who presented with herpes zoster involving the VII cranial nerve and contralateral hemiplegia. Subsequently, pontine infarct and fatal subarachnoid hemorrhage developed. The pathological study showed granulomatous angiitis of basilar artery.
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PMID:[Granulomatous angiitis of the basilar artery related to herpes zoster of the 7th cranial nerve]. 236 Oct 47

Two patients with varicella myocarditis are described. An arrhythmia associated with complete recovery occurred in the first patient whereas intractable congestive heart failure complicated by hemiplegia resulted in a fatal outcome in the other case. We stress the extent of myocardial involvement produced by the herpes zoster virus in the setting of varicella.
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PMID:The scale of myocardial involvement in varicella myocarditis. 320 56

The syndrome of granulomatous angiitis related to varicella zoster virus infection often manifests as herpes zoster ophthalmicus followed by contralateral hemiplegia. Forty-five cases have been reported to date, and the authors' experience with two additional cases seen in a one-year period is described. Given the frequency of both stroke and herpes zoster ophthalmicus in an aging population, the authors postulate that granulomatous angiitis is underdiagnosed. There is need for increased awareness of this disease by the non-neurologist. Diagnostic and therapeutic considerations are reviewed.
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PMID:Herpes zoster ophthalmicus and granulomatous angiitis. An ill-appreciated cause of stroke. 348 27

We report 4 cases of acute hemiplegia and a small low-density lesion on computerized tomography (CT) after varicella infection. In 3 of them, CT in the acute hemiplegic stage, and later, reveals the development of lacunar infarct around the internal capsule. Focal low density may be caused by occlusive vascular lesions of the penetrating arteries. Varicella infection may play an important role as one of the causes of acute hemiplegia in childhood producing lacunar infarct, as well as delayed hemiplegia, reported previously in herpes zoster ophthalmicus.
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PMID:Acute hemiplegia with lacunar infarct after varicella infection in childhood. 666 Apr 22

A boy, 4 years, 9 months of age, presented with acute hemiplegia, lethargy, ataxia, and dysarthria 24 hours prior to the eruption of typical varicella exanthem. Magnetic resonance imaging findings were typical of multiple cerebral ischemic infarcts. It is suggested that during the period of secondary viremia varicella zoster virus invaded the cerebral blood vessels causing vasculopathy and cerebrovascular infarcts.
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PMID:Pre-eruptive neurologic manifestations associated with multiple cerebral infarcts in varicella. 777 18

This paper discusses the complications associated with herpes zoster, with emphasis on its neurological manifestations. These complications, which are particularly prevalent in elderly and immunodeficient patients, include focal muscle paralysis, contralateral hemiplegia, myelitis, cranial nerve palsies and meningoencephalitis. A causative relationship with herpes zoster in many of these syndromes is probably more common than previously suspected due to difficulties in diagnosis and lack of awareness among clinicians. Zoster sine herpete-- reactivation of varicella zoster virus without rash--is associated with a spectrum of neurological disease and, for obvious reasons, is particularly difficult to diagnose. The polymerase chain reaction could be a valuable tool in overcoming these diagnostic problems, especially in patients without characteristic eruptions, allowing the early initiation of effective antiviral therapy.
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PMID:Neurological complications in herpes zoster. 916 23


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