Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018991 (hemiplegia)
 3,997 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Of a total of 160 patients with cerebral palsy, 80 were studied by computerized tomography. In the congenital group, abnormal studies were found in two of the 12 patients with diplegia, 16 of 18 with hemiplegia, 14 of the 18 with quadriplegia and five of the seven with atonic diplegia. 18 of 21 patients with acquired disease had abnormal CT scans. Computerized tomography is a useful tool for demonstrating the anatomical lesion responsible for cerebral-palsied patients' clinical findings. It is also useful in making a prognosis of functional outcome, and in defining lesions which are correctable by neurosurgery.
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PMID:Computerized tomography in cerebral-palsied children. 743 49

The major indication for the Grice extra-articular subtalar arthrodesis is valgus deformity occurring after poliomyelitis. Unsatisfactory long-term results in valgus deformities secondary to other neuromuscular conditions, myelodysplasia and flexible flat feet would indicate that subtalar arthrodesis is not appropriate in these conditions. The Grice procedure had limited success in patients with cerebral palsy, but only in those mildly afflicted with hemiplegia. With the eclipse of poliomyelitis by other neuromuscular conditions, the extra-articular would appear to have limited indications in modern orthopedic practice. Technical complications surely predispose to poor results and considerable attention must be placed on proper graft position and immediate revision in the event of slippage. Overcorrection into adductovarus and particularly ankle valgus from ankle instability is an important cause of unsatisfactory results. The Grice procedure may provide temporary benefits in certain valgus feet. A significant number of patients subsequently required triple arthrodesis and, although it might be argued that some did obtain temporary benefit at a younger age with the Grice procedure, this operation cannot be construed as an alternative to triple arthrodesis. Furthermore, exactly what significance and symptomatic developments can be attributed to the radiologic degenerative changes to subtalar arthrodesis remains to be delineated by longer follow-up studies.
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PMID:The Grice procedure: indications and evaluation of long-term results. 744 15

Locomotion patterns were studied in 160 children with cerebral palsy. Ten patterns were distinguished, which were typical of the type of impairment: (1) crawling--mildly impaired children who will achieve independent walking; (2) creeping and crawling--diplegic children with moderate motor impairment; (3) creeping, never leading to independent walking--children with severe diplegia or tetraplegia; (4) bottom shuffling--children with hemiplegia and ataxia and minimal or mild motor impairment; (5) bunny-hopping--dyskinetic children with marked motor impairment but generally not mentally retarded; (6) rolling--severely diplegic and dyskinetic children; (7) other forms of locomotion, such as bridging or grub-type creeping, rare and typical of children with ataxic elements; (8) just walk--children with hemiplegia, diplegia, ataxic diplegia or ataxia, generally in cases of mild motor impairment but mental retardation; (9) just walk with aids--children with severe diplegia; and (10) no mobility. The locomotion pattern, age at onset and even manner of execution all influenced prognosis for walking. Severe deformity affected the choice of locomotion pattern. Though physiotherapy probably would not greatly influence the adoption of a particular locomotion pattern, early intervention might help prevent deformities.
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PMID:Locomotion patterns in cerebral palsy syndromes. 749 22

The cognitive development of a group of 89 cerebral-palsied infants, aged six to 24 months, was investigated using the Uzgiris-Hunt scales. The results were compared with normative data for the Italian population and with data obtained in a group of low-risk term and preterm infants, 11 to 13 months old. The test was easy to carry out, even on infants with a severe motor impairment. The majority of the infants showed cognitive delay on most of the scales. Tetraplegic patients performed significantly worse than those with diplegia or hemiplegia. There were no differences between preterm and term infants, for either normal or cerebral palsy groups, if age was corrected for preterm birth. Sensorimotor development appeared to be organized similarly for cerebral-palsied infants and normal controls; however, these data raise the question of the role of action in early cognitive development.
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PMID:Sensorimotor development in cerebral-palsied infants assessed with the Uzgiris-Hunt scales. 750 38

The motor function of 25 children with spastic hemiplegia was examined retrospectively using videotapes recorded at 2-8 months of age. Many infants showed deficient forward movement of the arm and deficient opening of the hand on the affected side. At 7 and 8 months of age, whether the hand was semiflexed or clenched was correlated with the later upper extremity function. In the prone position, most could support their weight on the flexed arm on the affected side. In the supine position, half of the infants could not extend the knee on the affected side. At 2 months of age, asymmetry of the upper and lower extremity movements was not identified. Persistent primitive reflexes and abnormal truncal muscular tone were not recognized in the hemiplegic infants, and did not seem to be signs predicting hemiplegic cerebral palsy.
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PMID:Motor function of infants with spastic hemiplegia. 776 62

Details of 66 children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy seen over a 20 year period are presented, with comparisons between right and left hemiplegia. There were slightly more right hemiplegics than left hemiplegics. There were minor differences in the frequency of associated problems, but overall there were no major differences between right and left hemiplegics. It is likely that this is due to the greater plasticity of the immature brain. The results of this study are compared with earlier studies of hemiplegic cerebral palsy.
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PMID:Study of hemiplegic cerebral palsy with a review of the literature. 791 28

Forty patients with cerebral palsy, who had been trained in our clinic and attained to walk in recent 10 years, were presented. Forty-five percent of the patients had a history of preterm delivery, and another 45% had no causes suggestive of cerebral palsy. The mean age of the initiation of practical walk was 2 years and 2 months, and that of spastic hemiplegia was 1 year and 10 months. About 60% of the patients with spastic hemiplegia visited our clinic because of abnormal gait. Their brain CT and EEG showed a higher incidence of abnormality than those in other types of cerebral palsy. The type of cerebral palsy and their IQ (DQ) level had no correlation with presence of epilepsy. About 60% of the cases showed normal IQ (DQ) level. Seventy percent of school-aged children belonged to public school, but they received no special training for their physical handicaps. Therefore it was necessary for our hospital to offer them rehabilitation therapy.
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PMID:[A clinical study on children with cerebral palsy able to walk practically]. 791 90

Children with cerebral palsy have been reported to have poor growth and delayed skeletal maturation, but it is unclear whether these effects are related to the underlying brain injury or to concomitant malnutrition. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of hemiplegic cerebral palsy on skeletal maturation and growth, with the unaffected side used as each subject's control. Bilateral hand-wrist radiographs were obtained for 19 children with spastic hemiplegia. Skeletal maturation was determined in a blinded fashion with the Fels method. The skeletal age of the affected (hemiplegic) side was less than that of the unaffected (control) side in all 19 subjects; the mean difference in skeletal age was 7.3 months (p < 0.001). The delay in skeletal maturation of the affected side correlated linearly with age and upper extremity function. These findings show that brain injury results in delayed skeletal maturation independent of malnutrition. This effect on skeletal maturation may explain, in part, the reason that some children with cerebral palsy grow poorly.
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PMID:Effect of hemiplegia on skeletal maturation. 796 43

A case series design was used to identify cases of cystic periventricular leukomalacia (N = 31) identified by neurosonography at one regional tertiary intensive care nursery. Patients were preterm infants born at < or = 32 weeks of gestation who had cysts involving predominantly the middle-posterior or posterior periventricular regions. Neurodevelopmental evaluations were made for 26 (96%) of 27 survivors. All infants assessed had cerebral palsy (i.e., 54% quadriplegia, 42% diplegia, and 4% hemiplegia). Most cognitive delays and all sensory impairments occurred in children with quadriplegia. Periventricular cysts were most extensive on parasagittal, anteroposterior views. The parasagittal, anteroposterior extent of periventricular cysts was most accurate in predicting the type and severity of motor and cognitive disabilities. Quadriplegia was associated with larger and more extensive cysts.
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PMID:Cystic periventricular leukomalacia and type of cerebral palsy in preterm infants. 802 55

We studied ultrasound findings and neurodevelopmental outcome of 24 infants weighing 2500 g or less with cystic periventricular leukomalacia. Fourteen infants had symmetrical cysts in the parietal or occipital region (group 1) and 10 had non-symmetrical cysts (group 2). Each infant was followed for more than 4 years of age (mean 5 years and 7 months). Twenty out of 24 (83.3%) children developed cerebral palsy. All of group 1 had cerebral palsy (8 diplegia and 6 ataxic diplegia), while 6 (60%) in group 2 developed cerebral palsy (4 diplegia and 2 hemiplegia). There was a significant difference in the incidence of cerebral palsy and motor ability between the two groups. The size and site of the cyst did not predict cerebral palsy. The presence of symmetrical cysts in the parietal or occipital region is a highly reliable neurosonographic finding for predicting cerebral palsy.
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PMID:Cerebral palsy of cystic periventricular leukomalacia in low-birth-weight infants. 802 96


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