Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018991 (hemiplegia)
 3,997 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cerebral blood flow velocity was measured in the middle cerebral artery of two patients who exhibited unilateral neonatal cerebral infarction during the neonatal period. Doppler studies demonstrated increases in cerebral blood flow velocity but decreases in the resistance index on the affected side of the middle cerebral artery in the neonate who developed hemiplegia with cystic encephalomalacia, although the neonate with normal neurologic outcome exhibited symmetric cerebral blood flow velocity and resistance index. The asymmetry in cerebral blood flow velocity measurements of both middle cerebral arteries may be useful to evaluate the severity of brain damage and predict the neurodevelopmental prognosis of unilateral neonatal cerebral infarction.
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PMID:Cerebral blood flow velocity in two patients with neonatal cerebral infarction. 1137 12

A 56-year-old woman was hospitalized with a right hemiplegia and aphasia evoking a cerebral infarction. In fact the neurologic deficits were of post-ictal origin, secondary to a partial epilepsy which began a few weeks before, at the same time as a polyuria-polydipsia syndrome revealing diabetes mellitus. This case illustrates the possibility for a partial epilepsy to occur in relation with a nonketotic hyperglycemia. If in most of those cases there is no underlying cortical lesion, in some observations the hyperglycemia is associated with an infarction. In our case the MRI revealed another type of lesion: a cortical dysplasia in form of a unilateral micropolygyria with a perisylvian distribution centered around the insula. The discovery of a cortical dysplasia at such an age is very unusual.
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PMID:[Epileptic seizures, hemiplegia and hyperglycemia: late discovery of a localized cortical dysplasia]. 1145 89

We report two cases of cerebral infarction in which swallowing function improved following swallowing rehabilitation. Patient 1 was an 82-year-old man, who was admitted due to rheumatoid arthritis and multiple cerebral infarction, suffering from aspiration pneumonia. The abnormality of swallowing was assessed by the water swallowing test and videofluorography. It has been reported that videofluorography is useful in the diagnosis of aspiration. Three weeks after the start of swallowing rehabilitation, the serum level of inflammatory markers and the chest X-ray had returned to normal. His score on the water swallowing test had improved. Patient 2 was a 68-year-old [correction of 62] man, who was admitted with severe hemiplegia, dysphagia and dysarthria. One month after the swallowing rehabilitation, videofluorography showed that the magnitude of aspiration into the trachea had decreased and the pooling of barium in the piriform sinus had disappeared. The patient could begin taking a little food by mouth. These results suggest that swallowing rehabilitation will be affect the clinical improvement of swallowing function and help preventing aspiration pneumonia in our hospital.
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PMID:[Swallowing rehabilitation in two elderly patients with cerebral infarction]. 1152 72

A 73-year-old man who had suffered from old myocardial and cerebral infarction for 4 years had been secured in wheelchair due to left hemiplegia and aphasia and also been received a home care of his wife. One day, his wife tied a cloth belt around his head and secured it to the wheelchair to prevent the flexion of his neck. One hour later, he was found dead by his wife. He also had slipped down in his wheelchair. The autopsy performed 24 hours after death revealed a ligature marks on the front of the neck. Petechial hemorrhages, visceral congestion and fluid blood, compatible with asphyxial death, were also found. Although severe cerebral cortical atrophy, old myocardial infarction, moderate to severe atherosclerosis and decubitus of the back were also found, they were not considered primary cause of death. No other anatomical or toxicological cause of death was present. Therefore, we concluded that the man died of accidental hanging. Recently, the home care of aged or handicapped patient is a social problem in Japan due to the increase in the number of elderly people. The death was caused by the inappropriate restraints used by his wife. This case suggests the importance of proper advice to non-professional caretakers from care professionals.
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PMID:[An autopsy case of accidental hanging during home care]. 1160 18

The overall risk of fracture following stroke has not been well quantified. We addressed this issue in a population-based retrospective cohort study among the 387 Rochester, Minnesota residents who survived for 90 days following their first cerebral infarction during the 10-year period, 1960-69. Cases were matched by age and sex to controls from the general population of Rochester, and subsequent fractures were assessed through review of each subject's complete (inpatient and outpatient) medical records in the community. With comparable follow-up, the 128 fractures observed among cases were little more than the 118 seen among controls, and the cumulative incidence of any fracture after 25 years was not significantly different (71% versus 66%; p=0.464). Using stratified Cox analysis, there was no increase in the risk of fractures generally (hazard ratio (HR), 1.1; 95% CI, 0.8-1.6) or hip fractures specifically (HR, 1.1; 95% CI, 0.6-2.1) compared with controls. Among the stroke patients with hemiparesis or hemiplegia, the majority of fractures occurred on the impaired side. In a multivariate analysis, fracture risk increased with age (HR per 10 years, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.4-2.0), with hospitalization at onset of stroke (HR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.3-3.2) and with moderate functional impairment (HR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.02-2.5) but not severe disability (HR, 0.8; 95% CI, 0.4-1.6). No other characteristic of the stroke or its treatment was an independent predictor of overall fracture risk. Patients and their caretakers need to be aware of the risk of fracture from falls, particularly when moderate impairment permits the patient to be independently mobile.
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PMID:Long-Term fracture risk following ischemic stroke: a population-based study. 1180 25

Cerebral infarction results in multiple symptoms including hemiplegia and cognitive disturbances. The central nervous system has a limited capacity for self-repair, thus there is a great interest in the possibility of repairing the central nervous system by neural transplantation. Two different types of cerebral infarction model are well investigated for neural transplantation. Several kinds of donor cells have been used to try to restore the brain damage after ischemic insult. Reconstruction of neural circuits by transplantation is an ideal goal for the treatment of cerebral infarction, but trophic action of transplantation is also expected. Amelioration of ischemia-induced brain damage and recovery of neural dysfunction are documented. However, there are several factors and problems to be solved for clinical application.
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PMID:[Neural transplantation for cerebral ischemia/infarction--the present situation and prospects]. 1185 35

A case of cerebral infarction in a 4-year-old male is described. The child presented with an acute onset of right hemiplegia, central facial palsy, and dysarthria. He had no predisposing factors for cerebral infarction. A computed tomography scan showed a diffuse low-density area in the territory of the left miiddle cerebral artery. Magnetic resonance angiography disclosed multiple irregular narrowings in the left anterior and middle cerebral arteries. He recovered spontaneously from the stroke with minimal long-term complications, and repeated angiography disclosed a complete regression of the vascular changes 2 months after the stroke. There was no recurrence of stroke after 2-year follow-up. This case demonstrates the importance of longitudinal angiographic follow-up in childhood cerebral infarction of idiopathic origin.
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PMID:Reversible vascular changes in children with cerebral infarction. 1191 76

Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD) is a muscular disorder characterized by 1) early contracture of the elbows. Achilles tendons and post-cervical muscles, 2) slowly progressive muscle wasting and weakness with a humeroperoneal distribution, and 3) life-threatening cardiomyopathy with conduction block. Most of families with EDMD show X-linked recessive inheritance with mutations in the STA gene on chromosome Xq28, which encodes a protein named emerin. A rare autosomal dominant form of EDMD (AD-EDMD) is caused by mutations in lamin A/C gene (LMNA) on chromosome 1q21. Both emerin and lamin A/C are located in the inner surface membrane of the nucleus. A 49-year-old woman was skinny and slow runner from childhood and suspected as having a certain muscular disorder. At 35 years, she was found to have the second degree atrioventricular block. At 45 years, she was admitted to a hospital for right-side hemiplegia after cerebral infarction. Cardiac involvement was also observed including high degree atrioventricular block with chronic atrial fibrillation and frequent paroxysmal ventricular contraction on the electrocardiogram. At 49 years, she was referred to our hospital for further evaluation. She had possible dilated cardiomyopathy with conduction block. She also had muscular atrophy and weakness in all extremities, predominantly in the right-side, and contracture of bilateral Achilles tendon, knee and elbow joints, and postcervical muscles. Biopsied skeletal muscle and electromyogram showed myopathic changes. Since a novel point mutation of Ser303Pro was found in exon 5 of LMNA gene, she was diagnosed as having AD-EDMD and had a permanent pacemaker implantation. Her daughter also had some abnormalities on electrocardiogram. This is the first Japanese case of AD-EDMD. Amiodaron was effective for non-sustained ventricular tachycardia. Early diagnosis and following cardiological examinations and treatments are important and necessary to improve the prognosis of the patients with EDMD.
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PMID:[The first Japanese case of autosomal dominant Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy with a novel mutation in the lamin A/C gene]. 1242 64

A 50-year-old female was admitted to our hospital with a chief complaint of disturbance of consciousness (DOC). Left-sided hemiparalysis was noted on examination and cerebral infarction was diagnosed with total occlusion of the right common carotid artery revealed by cerebral angiography. Pharmacological thrombolysis (urokinase 720,000 U) was performed. Dissection of the right common carotid artery was noted after successful thrombolytic therapy. Enhanced chest computed tomography (CT) showed the acute type A aortic dissection involving the cerebral artery. Ascending aortic replacement was performed 4 days after the thrombolytic therapy to avoid brain edema and hemorrhagic infarction during cardiopulmonary bypass. The postoperative course was uneventful. In the case of acute type A aortic dissection with DOC, proper indication and optimal timing of the operation may help to improve patient survival.
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PMID:[Surgical management of acute type A aortic dissection with a complaint of disturbance of consciousness; report of a case]. 1242 41

An 8-month-old boy presented with right hemiplegia of sudden onset after 20 days of Kawasaki disease, which was not initially treated by gamma globulin. Cranial X-ray computed tomography confirmed cerebral infarction as the cause of the right hemiplegia. In subsequent weeks, he developed multiple thromboses in coronary aneurysms. He successfully underwent intracoronary thrombolysis using tissue plasminogen activator without haemorrhagic complications. Cerebral infarction as a complication of Kawasaki disease is rare, and is a difficult clinical situation to manage.
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PMID:Kawasaki disease complicated by cerebral infarction. 1269 Dec 96


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