Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018991 (hemiplegia)
 3,997 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We studied 15 resected cases with a history of apoplexy (2.5%) among 599 cases of esophageal cancer admitted between 1972 and 1993. Fourteen were male, and female, aged 48 to 77 years. Twelve had suffered from cerebral infarction, 2 intracerebral hemorrhage, and one subarachnoid hemorrhage. Duration from apoplexy to operation was between 2 months and 19 years in the cerebral infarction cases, between 8 and 10 years in the intracerebral hemorrhage cases and 4 years in the subarachnoid hemorrhage case. Preoperative neurological disturbance was found in 7 of the 12 cerebral infarction cases, and in both intracerebral hemorrhage cases. Four cases showed hemiplegia, and the other 5 cases showed partial paralysis of limbs. Preoperative complications were found in 7 of the 15 cases, and consisted of diabetes mellitus in 5, hypertension in 4, bronchial asthma in one, and renal dysfunction in one case. Intra- and postoperative complications were found in 11 of the 15 cases, and consisted of anastomotic leakage in 5, delirium in 3, apoplexy in 2, peritonitis in one, ARDS in one, intraoperative cardiac arrest in one, and wound infection in one. Postoperative disorders of consciousness were found in 5 cases, consisting of delirium in 3, and excitation at awakening of anethesia in 2 cases. Rate of direct operative death was 6.7% in preoperative apoplectic patients, and 8.5% in non-apoplectic patients, and there was no significant difference between the 2 groups. On the other hand, rate of postoperative apoplexy was 13.3% in the preoperative apoplectic patients, and 0.4% in non-apoplectic patients. There was a significant difference between them (p < 0.01). But they were cured of it, and left our hospital. It is concluded that active surgical treatment can be indicated for esophageal cancer patients with a history of apoplexy, if more attention is given to the management of diabetes mellitus or hypertension.
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PMID:[Analysis of specificity of resected esophageal cancer patients with a history of apoplexy]. 866 64

We evaluated 35 patients with cerebral palsy on the basis of MR imaging findings in the brain. The types of palsy were spastic quadriplegia (n = 11), spastic diplegia (n = 9), spastic hemiplegia (n = 2), double hemiplegia (n = 1), athetosis (n = 10) and mixed (n = 2). Of all patients, 28 (80%) generated abnormal findings. In spastic quadriplegia, although eight cases revealed severe brain damage, two cases showed no abnormal findings in the brain. One of the three had cervical cord compression caused by atlanto-axial subluxation. In spastic diplegia, the findings were divided according to whether the patient was born at term or preterm. If the patient had been born prematurely, the findings showed periventricular leukomalacia and abnormally high intensity in the posterior limbs of the internal capsule on T2-weighted images. MR imaging in spastic hemiplegia revealed cerebral infarction. In the athetoid type, half of all cases showed either no abnormal findings or slight widening of the lateral ventricle. Three cases showed abnormal signals of the basal ganglia. The reason why athetoid-type palsy did not show severe abnormality is unknown. We believe that MR imaging is a useful diagnostic modality to detect damage in the brain in cerebral palsy and plays an important role in the differentiation of cerebral palsy from the spastic palsy disease.
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PMID:[MR imaging of cerebral palsy]. 869 65

We reported a case of cerebral infarction in a young adult following an abuse of cocaine and other drugs. A 27-year-old male was admitted to our hospital because of the abrupt onset of right hemiplegia and dysarthria. Brain CT and MRI examinations showed cerebral infarction in the region of the left caudate head and the left corona radiata. Cerebral angiography revealed total occlusion at the origin of the left middle cerebral artery, with neither vascular malformation nor atherosclerotic change. There were no obvious causes that might lead to cerebral infarction in young adults, including potential cardiac sources of embolism, abnormalities of blood coagulation, or collagen vascular diseases. From his history we learned he had started abusing cocaine and other drugs at the age of 16 years, and that he had been addicted to these drugs up to at least 2 months earlier than the onset of cerebral infarction, so we suggested his drug abuse might have affected the occurrence of cerebral infarction. We would like to emphasize that using 'drugs' should be taken into consideration as a possible cause of cerebral infarction in young adults.
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PMID:[A case of cerebral infarction in a young adult following an abuse of cocaine and other drugs]. 872 Mar 40

Plasticity within the human central motor system has been studied with transcranical magnetic stimulation in patients with peripheral and central nervous diseases. In 4 patients with a complete upper limb palsy due to traumatic cervical root avulsion, surgical anastomosis of intercostal to musculocutaneous nerves was performed to restore function in the biceps brachii muscle. The motor unit discharges became independent from respirations gradually over 1 to 2 years. Motor cortex mapping of the reinnervated biceps muscle showed a gradual change over 4 to 33 months from the area of the intercostal muscles to that of the arm area, which was more lateral on the motor cortex. These findings suggest that reorganization of the motor cortex to arm flexor muscles occurs following peripheral nerve anastomosis. In 8 patients with chronic cerebral infarction with hemiplegia. Four of 8 patients did not show MEPs in paralytic hand muscles by contralateral cortex stimulation, but showed small MEPs by ipsilateral cortex stimulation. These cases had the huge cortical infarction unilaterally in CT. Another four of 8 patients showed small MEPs in paralytic hand muscles by contralateral cortex stimulation, but no MEPs by ipsilateral cortex stimulation. These cases had the subcortical infarction unilaterally in CT. These findings suggest that reorganization of motor cortex following unilateral cerebral infarction.
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PMID:[Motor reorganization in the motor cortex]. 875 49

We reported a rare case of cerebral infarction with somatoparaphrenia (SP) caused by involvement of the dominant cerebral hemisphere. The patient was 77-year-old right-handed woman who was noted to have atrial fibrillation, right hemiplegia, hemisensory disturbance and ipsilateral homonymous hemianopsia. Neuropsychologically, there were anosognosia (AG) for hemiplegia and SP arguing her hand as doctor's hand. In addition, there also were noted disorientation, right unilateral spatial neglect and mild amnestic aphasia. Brain CT and MRI demonstrated infarctions in the left lateral thalamus, internal capsule, lateral geniculate body, hippocampus, caudate nucleus and medial occipitotemporal gyrus. IMP-SPECT showed extensive hypoperfusion areas in the left cerebral hemisphere. These lesions were thought to have resulted from occlusion of the left anterior choroidal artery and partial occlusion of the left middle and posterior cerebral arteries caused by cardiogenic embolism. AG persisted and SP disappeared 80 days after the onset. While AG and SP are generally believed to be associated with non-dominant hemispherical lesion, the present case suggests the possibility that those symptoms were seen in the case of dominant hemispherical lesion without severe aphasia.
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PMID:[Somatoparaphrenia caused by the lesion in the dominant cerebral hemisphere--a case report]. 886 40

A 48-year-old female had been visiting the outpatient clinic for treatment of polyarthritis before she was admitted to the hospital due to consciousness disorder and right hemiplegia. Brain computed tomography revealed a small infarction in the left cerebrum. Echocardiography revealed a mass in the left atrium. She was diagnosed cerebral embolism caused by left atrial myxoma. Extirpation of left atrial myxoma was performed 16 days after the onset of cerebral infarction. The postoperative course was good. Preoperative constitutional signs such as multiple arthralgia and abnormal sensation disappeared on the 2nd postoperative day. Open heart surgery performed early after the onset of cerebral embolism is generally considered contraindicated due to problems of hemorrhagic infarction or brain edema. Because relapse of embolism may deteriorate the condition, losing the chance of surgery, extirpation of left atrial myxoma early after the onset of cerebral infarction is advisable in cases of small infarction.
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PMID:[A case of surgically treated left atrial myxoma early after cerebral embolism]. 895 85

A 66-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with right hemiplegia due to a cerebral infarction associated with Takayasu arteries. We successfully performed percutaneous transluminal angioplasty for stenoses of the innominate and right common carotid arteries. Improvement of the stenotic lesions persisted over 10 years.
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PMID:Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty for carotid artery stenosis in Takayasu arteritis: persistent benefit over 10 years. 913 48

We report a case of mixed transcortical aphasia (MTA) due to multiple cerebral infarction in the dominant hemisphere in an 80-year-old right-handed woman without hemiplegia. Her spontaneous speech was markedly reduced and auditory comprehension, reading and writing were severely disturbed. Although the repetition of sentences (at most 3 words) was relatively preserved, her speech was echolalic. Brain MRI showed bilateral multiple deep white matter infarction and subcortical infarction of the left parietal lobe, including left angular gyrus, but no abnormal signal intensities were detected in either Wernicke's or Broca's area. SPECT indicated a significant decrease in mean cerebral blood flow in both hemispheres, but there was no focal hypoperfusion in either speech area. We thought that the focal hypoperfusion observed in the right cerebellum indicated crossed cerebellar diaschisis. Electroencephalogram showed a diffuse reduction in the incidence of alpha waves in the left cerebral hemisphere. From these findings, we suggest that widespread hypofunction in the dominant hemisphere was important for the occurrence of MTA.
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PMID:[Mixed transcortical aphasia due to multiple deep white matter infarction in the dominant cerebral hemisphere: a case report]. 928 72

Posterior cerebral artery infarction usually causes hemianopsia and, occasionally, symptoms referred to infarction in the territory of the middle cerebral artery. We describe a case of cerebral infarction of the posterior cerebral artery territory that mimicked middle cerebral artery occlusion. A patient with infarction of the right surface and deep territories of the posterior cerebral artery presented with left hemiplegia and left homonymous hemianopsia. Brain computed tomography and magnetic resonance investigation disclosed a hypodense lesion in the occipital right lobe and the medial and inferior part of the right temporal lobe. Transcranial Doppler studies disclosed an abnormally increased blood flow velocity in the proximal posterior cerebral artery and a sharp reduction in distal flow velocity. This case underscores the utility of noninvasive techniques to diagnose posterior artery stenosis: they were not only more economical than angiography but also spared the patient discomfort and risk.
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PMID:Noninvasive assessment of posterior cerebral artery stenosis inducing hemiplegia. 928 95

A 68-year-old man with a 28-year history of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) was admitted to our hospital because of foot gangrene. He had previously suffered from cerebral infarction resulting in right hemiplegia and his right foot was amputated because of right femoral lesion presenting diabetic foot gangrene 5 years previously. The diabetic foot gangrene gradually became worse, although he had received various medications. Then, we attempted to treat the patient with low density lipoprotein (LDL)-apheresis ten times a month. The foot gangrene itself and the local circulation around the gangrene lesion were remarkably improved after treatment with LDL-apheresis. We present here the first case of diabetic foot gangrene improved by LDL-apheresis. LDL-apheresis therapy is anticipated to be a new therapeutic approach for treatment of fatal foot gangrene associated with diabetes mellitus.
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PMID:Clinical trial of low density lipoprotein-apheresis for treatment of diabetic gangrene. 947 47


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