Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018991 (hemiplegia)
 3,997 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We describe a 65-year-old right-handed (on the Edinburgh Inventory Test) woman who developed left hemiplegia and language disturbances after right hemisphere lesion. She showed global aphasia and left spatial neglect. To our knowledge, this is the first case of so called "crossed aphasia" in which the integrity of the left hemisphere is assessed by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). The association of aphasia and neglect is briefly discussed.
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PMID:A case of "crossed aphasia" in which the integrity of the left hemisphere is assessed by MRI. 233 26

A 65 year-old right-handed woman was admitted after the sudden onset of a right dense hemiplegia. C.T. showed a large left infarction in the middle cerebral artery territory. There was a slight anosognosia and neglect of the right space without confusion. She had aprosodia but no aphasia. On the other hand, there was a severe apraxia and all the components of Gerstmann's syndrome were present. This suggests an unusual sattering of hemispheric functional dominances.
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PMID:[Right hemiplegia and spatial neglect with apraxia and agraphia without aphasia in a right-handed patient]. 237 72

Pentosan polysulfate may induce severe thrombocytopenia by an immunoallergic mechanism similar to that observed with heparin. We report five cases of serious arterial and venous thrombosis associated with pentosan polysulfate-induced thrombocytopenia: --two cases of fatal circumferential myocardial infarction due to disseminated thrombosis in patients whose coronary vessels were free from atheroma at angiography. Such cases have not previously been published. They seem to represent an unusual and dangerous manifestation of immunoallergic thrombocytopenia complicated by diffuse intravascular coagulation and induced by pentosan polysulfate; --two cases of myocardial infarction with favourable outcome; one of them was associated with hemiplegia with aphasia; --one case of extensive phlebitis of the inferior vena cava. The diagnosis was suspected on the ground that the patients had previously been treated with intramuscular pentosan polysulfate for 8 to 10 days and had less than 100,000 platelets per mm3; it was confirmed by in vitro platelet aggregation tests. Cross-allergy with heparin was present in all cases. Out of 18 published cases of pentosan polysulfate-induced thrombocytopenia, 15 were revealed by thrombosis of a coronary, cerebral or peripheral artery (80 p. 100) or of a vein (20 p. 100). Arterial thrombosis carries a 50 p. 100 risk of death, and for this reason pentosan polysulfate should be subjected to the same rules of prescription and monitoring as heparin.
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PMID:[Disseminated coronary thrombosis and thrombopenia induced by pentosan polysulfate]. 246 Nov 80

A case study is presented of a 64-year-old, right-handed, congenitally deaf man who suffered a single, unilateral, left CVA resulting in a right hemiplegia and moderate aphasia. The relationship between his verbal (reading and writing), manual, and pantomimic performances is examined in two ways. First, a comparison of the three modes of communication shows whether or not these systems can be dissociated by pathology. Second, the extent to which one mode recovers more fully than the others indicates whether the three modes function independently. Results of testing conducted at six weeks and at 18 months postonset revealed that this individual's manual, verbal, and pantomimic communication skills were all similarly impaired as a result of his CVA. Furthermore, at 18 months no single mode had recovered more rapidly or to a greater extent than any other. These results support the notion that aphasia in the deaf and hearing population is similar, and is consistent with the view that aphasia is the result of a central symbolic/cognitive process which manifests itself in parallel dysfunctions of verbal, manual, and pantomimic communication.
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PMID:Communication skills in an aphasic deaf adult. 246 80

Oculomotor palsy is a well-known complication of herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO). Combination with homolateral cerebral media infarction and contralateral hemiplegia is very rare. Since the first paper on HZO and cerebral ischemia was published, in 1919, about 70 cases have been described. Zoster infection is thought to encroach from the fifth cranial nerve on to a cerebral artery at the base of the brain. The authors describe a case of HZO seen by them, with oculomotor palsy and ipsilateral media infarction with contralateral hemiplegia and aphasia. A review of the literature is given and etiologic and therapeutic aspects are discussed.
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PMID:[Herpes zoster ophthalmicus with subsequent oculomotor paralysis and homolateral media infarct]. 247 Sep 51

Five right-handed patients with subcortical aphasia that involved the left hemisphere subcortical lesion sites were subjected to CT scans. Given their etiology, two cases were infarctions and the other three were hemorrhages. Two of the patients presented an involvement of the anterior limb of the internal capsule and of the basal ganglia and an anterior superior white-matter lesion extension. In both cases slow scanty dysarthric speech was noted; one had markedly impaired auditory comprehension, and the others were only partially impaired. The third patient presented an involvement of the posterior limb of the internal capsule and of the thalamus and a posterior paraventricular white-matter lesion extension. He had poor auditory comprehension, echolalia, and fluent speech. The last two patients presented an involvement of the internal capsule, the basal ganglia, and the thalamus and an anterior posterior paraventricular white-matter lesion extension. The latter two showed poor auditory comprehension with nonfluent and scanty spontaneous speech. The speech sounds were nonsensical monosyllabic words with a pattern similar to that of global aphasia. All patients had lasting right hemiplegia.
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PMID:Three variant forms of subcortical aphasia in Chinese stroke patients. 247 23

Granular cell tumor (GCT), which is suspected to be of Schwann cell origin, sometimes grows in the subcutaneous tissue, oral cavity and visceral sites and this tumor has a rather benign nature. Intracranial GCT also grows in the neurohypophysis but rarely in the brain parenchyma. We reported a case of intra-cerebral GCT in the left hemisphere, which took a malignant course. The patient was a 62-year-old male with a history of slowly progressing right hemiparesis and aphasia since May 1986. He was in a drowsy state and showed right hemiplegia on admission (October 14, 1986). Radiological examinations revealed a tumor and surrounding edema in the left temporal lobe and basal ganglia . Resection of the tumor and both radiotherapy of 53 Grey and chemotherapy using ACNU (total 310 mg) and BrdU (500 mg, two times per week prior to radiation) were applied after the operation. Although the tumor disappeared once after these treatments, the patient died of recurrence on July 3, 1987. Histological examinations on the specimen taken at the first operation revealed that the tumor consisted of rather round, large and small cells with a few cell processes. The large cells often had bizarre and multiple nuclei. These large cells had rich eosinophilic granular particles of various size and vacuoles in their cytoplasm. The staining for antiglial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) was positive in a part of the cytoplasm and cell processes. Electron microscopically various sized and shaped granular structures and intermediate filaments were noticed in the cytoplasm of both large and smaller cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Histological study of malignant cerebral granular cell tumor]. 255 72

We report here a case of multiple sclerosis (MS) showing pure alexia. The patient was a 28 year-old, right-handed male student of medicine. He had been healthy prior to college, but when he tried to read the newspaper one morning in January of 1983, he suddenly became aware that he could not. He could speak fluently and had no disturbances of auditory comprehension. No signs of abnormality were noted in his writing ability. Thereafter, the patient occasionally experienced difficulty in reading, together with right homonymous hemianopsia. These symptoms, however, usually vanished following sleep. In April, 1984, the patient experienced headache and ataxia when walking, followed by repeated remission and exacerbation of the symptoms. Corticosteroid therapy produced complete disappearance of the headache and ataxia. In September of 1985, he was hospitalized at our department due to the clouding of consciousness accompanied by convulsions. Neurologically, no abnormalities of the ocular fundus were noted and Babinski's sign was negative, but left hemiplegia was observed. Neuropsychologically, his intelligence was normal and he had no difficulty in writing, but paralexia was noted. There were no disorders of spontaneous speech or auditory comprehension. Examination by CT scan and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a number of lesions in the white substance of the cerebrum, including the left occipital lobe. The abnormal signs seen radiographically vanished when cortical hormones were administered. It has been thought that the symptoms of multiple sclerosis are due mainly to disorders of the white substance, and that MS seldom produces symptoms of aphasia, due to the fact that the lesions in this disease are generally small.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[A case of multiple sclerosis with pure alexia]. 260 43

To investigate the relationship between middle cerebral artery (MCA) trunk lesions and the etiology of Binswanger type (B type) infarction, which was demonstrated as a diffuse subcortical low density area/high intensity area by CT/MRI, patients with both MCA lesions and B type infarction were studied clinically. Eighteen patients with B type infarction were diagnosed among 224 patients with MCA occlusion/stenosis on angiography accounting for 8%. The incidence was as high as 25% in M2 stenosis. The mean age of B type infarction patients was 64 years and 16 of them were men. Chronologically stepwize/slowly-progressive deterioration of clinical manifestations were observed in 14. All patients had hemiplegia, though half of them were mild or moderate in severity. Furthermore, aphasia, Gerstmann syndrome and dementia were present in 10, 1 and 2 patients, respectively. Twelve had a history of hypertension, while 11 showed transient decreases with marked changes (more than 31 mmHg in mean arterial blood pressure) in arterial blood pressure during their clinical course. Out of 9 patients in whom cerebral blood flow (CBF) was measured by 133Xe injection method/inhalation method, 7 demonstrated mild to moderate decreases in mean CBF (more than 30 ml/100 g/min) with no relation to the severity of MCA lesions. These findings suggested that hemodynamic mechanisms associated with hypoperfusion due to marked fluctuations in blood pressure are accelerating factors of B type infarction and MCA lesions, even though ischemia in the subcortical area due to leptomeningeal anastomosis may be mild or moderate.
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PMID:[Clinical study on the relationship between middle cerebral artery lesions and Binswanger type infarction]. 260 75

Over a period of 18 months, six patients with sickle cell anaemia and neurological complications were seen. Four had acute hemiplegia, one had epilepsy and mental changes and the sixth had cerebral haemorrhage and died in the acute phase. Two patients with hemiplegia had recurrences and three were associated with convulsions and/or aphasia. Three of the patients had fever at presentation while the other three were well at the time of the neurological complication. Two patients had not been diagnosed as sicklers previously. A brief review of the literature on neurological disease in sickle cell anaemia is included.
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PMID:Neurological complications associated with sickle cell anaemia: an experience at the Aga Khan Hospital, Nairobi. 261 7


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