Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0018801 (heart failure)
 72,216 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Recurrent automatic atrial tachycardia can induce dilated cardiomyopathy. We present clinical and therapeutic problems of 16 years old male with ectopic left atrial tachycardia refractory to pharmacological therapy. In this patient long periods of atrial tachycardia 200-240/min due to lack of effective medication caused cardiac failure. Uncontrolled taking of various antiarrhythmic drugs and persistent tachycardia led to cardiogenic shock. The electrophysiologic study revealed focus of the tachycardia localized in the area of left cardiac auricle. The rate of the tachycardia was changing from 84 to 240/min, with periods of Mobitz I block in the AV node. In periods of 1:1 AV conduction the tachycardia had sometimes LBBB QRS morphology. The atrial tachycardia provoked unsustained ventricular one. The patient was operated. Resection of left auricle and mitral valvuloplasty were performed. After the operation the patient regained undisturbed sinus rhythm and symptoms of heart failure disappeared.
Kardiol Pol 1991
PMID:[Indications for emergency surgical treatment of ectopic atrial tachycardia]. 175 65

Emergency coronary bypass for cardiogenic shock has been associated with a high operative mortality. From February 1986 through October 1989, 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction were operated. Ten pts (25%) were in shock despite intensive treatment (intra-aortic balloon pump in 4, catecholamines in 10). Seven pts. required cardiopulmonary resuscitation before operations. After operations 66% of the patients required catecholamine support and 60% were treated with intra-aortic balloon pump. There were three (30%) hospital deaths (one in the operating room due to acute cardiac failure). Follow-up (100%),(mean 26 months) revealed one late death--39 months after operations. In functional class I were 2 patients, II--one, and III--two pts. One pt is in group IV (transplant candidate). Myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock can produce a mortality rate in excess of 85%. Contemporary medical management has had little effect on mortality, hence effective surgical therapy has evolved for this lesion.
Kardiol Pol 1991
PMID:[Cardiogenic shock. Surgical reperfusion and myocardial revascularization]. 180 Aug 23

Left ventricular hypertrophy in arterial hypertension occurs in over 50% of patients. The detection of such high incidence has been facilitated by the introduction of echocardiography into diagnostic studies. Both earlier electrocardiographic findings and later echocardiographic results show that cardiac hypertrophy leads to an increased mortality and predisposes to cardiac arrhythmias, ischemic heart disease including myocardial infarction and heart failure. The development of hypertrophy is mediated by hemodynamic factors such as elevated blood pressure due to increased peripheral vascular resistance, ejection fraction, increased cardiac output, blood viscosity, as well as by non-hemodynamic factors. Of the latter ones the contribution of a genetic factor is discussed, whereas the role of para- and autocrine cardiac function manifested by local production and action of catecholamines as well as the renin-angiotensin system has been proved. Blockade of these systems makes possible prevention of the development of cardiac hypertrophy or its regression. Such results have been obtained both in experimental studies and in humans with hypertension treated with selected drugs. Regression of hypertrophy is accompanied by an improvement in systolic and especially diastolic cardiac function, the impairment of which is usually diagnosed prior to the detection of hypertrophy. The improvement in cardiac function and possibility of preventing consequences of hypertrophy help us to evaluate the efficacy of hypotensive drugs and their preferential use in this regard. There are also changes in recently recommended models of pharmacological treatment in arterial hypertension.
Kardiol Pol 1991
PMID:[Hypertrophy and function of the left heart ventricle in hypertension]. 183 84

Male obese patient, aged 35 years with kyphoscoliosis due to poliomyelitis was admitted in respiratory and cardiac failure. Severe desaturations during sleep were found. After successful hospital treatment patient was submitted to the long-term oxygen therapy. Reduction of weight and smoking cessation was suggested. Patient stopped smoking, lost 14 kg in 12 months and breathed oxygen for 12 hours per day (mainly at night). Treatment resulted in a significant improvement in ventilatory reserves, blood gases and normalization of pulmonary arterial pressure.
Pneumonol Alergol Pol 1991
PMID:[Unusual health improvement in a patient with pulmonary heart disease in kyphosis and scoliosis after home treatment with oxygen]. 184 99

Impedance rheographic-cardiography has been performed in 40 patients with chronic congestive heart failure. At the same time, polycardiographic data have been recorded and used for the correlative analysis. A curve dZ/dt has been analysed and "S", "X", "A", "O" waves amplitudes together with A/S and X/S ratios have been calculated, depending on the degree of heart failure. It was found, that rheographic-cardiography may be valuable technique for the assessment of the degree of heart failure. Curve dZ/dt in patients with more advanced heart failure is of hypodynamic character (decrease in "S", "X", and "A" waves amplitude with an increase in "O" wave amplitude), being similar to sinusoidal curve. The most valuable rheographic-cardiograph parameters enabling the assessment of heart failure are: "S" and "O" waves amplitudes, and A/S and X/S ratios. Correlative analysis has also shown several important relationships between rheographic-cardiographic and polycardiographic parameters, which may facilitate the assessment of heart failure.
Pol Tyg Lek
PMID:[Usefulness of amplitude as a rheographic-cardiographic parameter for evaluation of degree of heart failure]. 184 72

The studies concerned fifteen men with a stable angina pectoris--confirmed by an exercise test and coronarography--but with no heart failure or hypertension. They were randomly tested in a double blind method in which cardiovascular system was checked by means of rheographic-cardiography each fortnight after alternate administration of the placebo and verapamil [3 x 120 mg/24 hr]. After verapamil significant lowering of blood pressure and significant decrease of heart rate were found. Rheographic-cardiographic indices of cardias performance: RE time, REc time relation to heart rate, E dz/dt, E dz/dt relation to changes in arterial blood pressure, Heather index, modified Heather index, RE/EX and LVET did not show changes statistically significant. Neither was the change of the index of left ventricle heart failure observed. The only real change was the lengthening of the EX period--depending on the afterload. We can conclude that in patients with a stable angina pectoris the administration of 3 x 120 mg of verapamil does not diminish cardiac performance.
Pol Arch Med Wewn 1991 Apr
PMID:[Evaluation of verapamil's effect on the circulation in angina pectoris]. 188 31

Doppler echocardiography revealed in the third week of the recent myocardial infarction a pattern of mitral insufficiency in 27 (36%) of the 75 patients studied. Mitral insufficiency was usually associated with the more severe clinical course of myocardial infarction, with more frequent supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias, heart failure, and with more extensive infarction area, as compared with the patients without mitral failure. A decreased contractibility of the left ventricle wall (especially in patients with anterior myocardial infarction accompanied by mitral insufficiency and enlargement ventricular dimension) may suggest its role in the development of mitral insufficiency in myocardial infarction. The results show the need of Doppler echocardiography in recent myocardial infarction to detect patients with an increased risk.
Pol Arch Med Wewn 1990 Oct
PMID:[Clinical significance of mitral valve insufficiency detected by Doppler echocardiography in acute myocardial infarction]. 208 Jan 11

During exercise in subjects with congestive heart failure and mitral regurgitation the rise in systemic arterial pressure is usually accompanied by increase in systemic vascular resistance. That could cause decrease of cardiac output not only because of a lack of myocardial reserve, but also because of an increase of mitral regurgitant volume. In such situation decrease in left ventricular preload could further increase the regurgitant volume and cardiac output. Whether changes in pre-or afterload can cause significant changes in mitral regurgitation, nitroglycerin and phentolamine was assessed in that group of patients. 22 patients with significant mitral regurgitation (3+,4+) was randomly divided into two groups. The first one received short intravenous infusion of nitroglycerin at a rate of 170 micrograms/min. The second one received phentolamine intravenously 1-1,5 mg/min. Patients underwent right heart catheterization with Swan-Ganz thermodilution catheter. Mean pulmonary, pulmonary capillary wedge, and right atrial pressure were monitored and recorded. Cardiac output was determined by thermodilution technique using iced 5% dextrose. If there were no contraindications (PWP greater than 30 mm Hg) an effort test was performed (cycloergometer, supine position). The same protocol was repeated during administration of nitroglycerin and phentolamine. Nitroglycerin significantly decreased right atrial and capillary wedge pressure (from 22.9 to 15.6 mm Hg). There were no significant differences in cardiac output, pulmonary and systemic vascular resistance. Pulmonary artery pressure decreased after nitroglycerin but the difference was not significant. All above effects of nitroglycerin persisted during effort. Phentolamine decreased significantly right atrial, pulmonary and capillary wedge pressure with simultaneous increase of cardiac output (30%) and decrease of pulmonary and systemic vascular resistance. In summary, nitroglycerin decreases only symptoms and theoretically could worsen forward flow in patients with mitral regurgitation and heart failure, especially in subjects with a significant increase of systemic vascular resistance during effort.
Kardiol Pol 1990
PMID:[Effect of intravenous administration of nitroglycerin and regitine on hemodynamics in mitral valve insufficiency]. 212 94

Sixty cases of infective endocarditis were studied prospectively between May, 1985 and December, 1988. There were 40 males and 20 females with a mean age of 28 years. Endocarditis was found on normal valves in 13 patients, on rheumatic valves in 30, on congenital lesions in 8, on prosthetic valves in 4 and on mitral valve prolapse in 5 cases. Positive blood cultures were detected in 35 patients (58%). In addition bone marrow culture was positive in 1 and valves removed on surgery grew causative organisms in eight. Thus the total culture positive cases were 44 (73%). The commonest infective organism was Streptococcus viridans. Uncommon organisms accounted for 10 cases (17%). Two dimensional echocardiography (2D-Echo) was done in all cases and vegetations were detected in 48 patients (80%). 2 D-Echo was helpful not only in the detection of vegetations but also in the demonstration of other complications of endocarditis like ring abscesses, ruptured chordae, ulceration of aortic root, interventricular septum abscess, and mitral xenograft obstruction. Early surgery was performed in 31 patients. In this group of patients severe heart failure was present in 21, embolization in 10, persistence of fever in 15 and large vegetations in 19. Of the 29 patients treated medically, 2 died. The mortality in the surgical group was seen in 5 (16%) with a mean follow-up of 15 months. The major reason for a large number of our patients undergoing surgery is the fact that this is a referral Center and patients were sent later or when there was a failure of medical treatment.
Mater Med Pol
PMID:Infective endocarditis: a prospective study of 60 consecutive cases. 213 22

Hundred sixty four patients with the secondary pneumonia were analysed. The secondary pneumonia amounted to 65.8% of all cases of pneumonia treated within several years. Patients' sex, age, clinical symptoms, X-ray findings, coexisting diseases, sequence of the symptoms and the rate of their disappearance were analysed. It was found that the secondary pneumonia is prevailing in males over 40 years of age and most frequently accompany cardiac failure and chronic unspecific respiratory diseases. It is characterized by slow onset and the lack of typical symptoms in the high percentage of patients. Radiological and clinical symptoms disappear more slowly. However, various ausculatory symptoms of pulmonary involvement often accompany the secondary pneumonia and are not directly related to the inflammatory lesion to the lungs.
Pol Tyg Lek
PMID:[Clinical picture of secondary pneumonia in our observations]. 223 8


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>