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Query: UMLS:C0018801 (heart failure)
 72,216 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The purpose of the study was to compare the haemodynamic effect of new antiarrhythmic preparations - ethmozine and its diethylamine analogue etacizine in 22 patients with heart failure (HF), stage IIa, of different etiology. The patients were given for one week ethmozine and then again for one week etacizine, during which periods they were followed echocardiographically, with pressure measurement in the pulmonary artery (PAP) and in the right atrium (RAP). Ethmozine in a daily dosis of 600-800 mg did not induce changes in left ventricular dimensions, percentual shortening of the anteroposterior left ventricular dimension (% delta S), in PAP, RAP, arterial pressure and heart rate. With application of etacizine in a dose of 150-200 mg/day, a clinically insignificant decrease was observed in % delta S (by 19.7%; p less than 0.05), which was not accompanied by a more marked augmentation of left ventricular dimensions, PAP, RAP or an intensification of clinical signs of heart failure. In spite of this, on administration of etacizine to patients with HF it is necessary to control haemodynamics, the most suitable method for this being echocardiography.
Cor Vasa 1986
PMID:Echocardiographic assessment of the haemodynamic effect of ethmozine and its diethylamine analogue etacizine in patients with heart failure. 354 57

Haemodynamic studies were undertaken in 30 patients with chronic post-embolic pulmonary hypertension (CPEPH), and the findings were compared with those found in acute thromboembolism of the pulmonary artery. The study showed that radiocardiographic examination is a useful supplementary method for diagnosing postembolic lesions of pulmonary arteries and for dynamic examination of patients after pulmonary embolism. The appearance of a "single-hump" curve on the radiocardiogram was an unfavourable prognostic sign and attested both to an increase of pulmonary hypertension or to a latent heart failure. The importance of radiocardiographic examination for determining the prognosis of the disease and for choosing the most suitable method of its treatment is analysed.
Cor Vasa 1986
PMID:Haemodynamics in patients with chronic post-embolic pulmonary hypertension. 369 6

Forty-three patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCMP) and 12 patients with ischaemic heart disease (HD) in different stages of heart failure were examined using ultrasound sector scanning and pulsed Doppler echocardiography. The degree of mitral regurgitation was determined semi-quantitatively, according to the distance at which the turbulent blood stream penetrates into the left atrial cavity. The dimensions of the left atrium and auscultatory manifestations are not always a reliable indicator of the degree of regurgitation. The severity of mitral regurgitation depends on the dilatation and reduced contractility of the left ventricle as well as on the dilatation of the mitral annulus. Segmental contractility of the left ventricle was assessed using computer analysis of two-dimensional EchoCG. A characteristic feature of DCMP is not only a diffuse decrease in left ventricular contractility but also its segmental disturbances. These disturbances are in DCMP the same as in IHD, but in patients with DCMP there is no simultaneous occurrence of normokinetic and dyskinetic segments.
Cor Vasa 1986
PMID:The use of two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography in assessing mitral regurgitation and segmental contractility disturbances in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and ischaemic heart disease. 382 85

On the basis of their own 5-year experience, the authors discuss the indications for, and limitations of, intravenous infusion of nitroglycerin (NTG). In 42 patients with postinfarction heart failure, NTG produced a significant reduction of left ventricular filling pressure, regardless of its initial value. In patients with normal or only slightly elevated left ventricular filling pressure, NTG caused a decrease in cardiac index and mean arterial pressure as well as, in the earliest phase of infusion, an increase in peripheral resistance. Similar trends were observed also in patients with markedly elevated left ventricular filling pressure if mean arterial blood pressure fell by more than 20%. Taking into consideration that the range of the effective doses was very wide (15-150 micrograms/min), the authors believe that intravenous NTG infusion is indicated mainly in cases of manifest heart failure and should be administered under strict control of the dosage and with careful monitoring of the therapeutic effects.
Cor Vasa 1985
PMID:Haemodynamic effects of nitroglycerin infusion in patients with postinfarction heart failure. 393 75

The effects of intravenous nitroglycerin (NTG), trimetaphan (TMP), and phentolamine (PTL) on pulmonary artery diastolic pressure (PADP), systemic arterial pressure (SAP), cardiac index (CI) and systemic vascular resistance (SVR) in patients (12 in each treated group) with chronic ischaemic heart failure are analyzed. Each group was divided into two subgroups according to the initial PADP taking into account the mean value in the whole group. A significant decrease in PADP (by 40%; p less than 0.001) was observed in the NTG-treated group, with no significant changes in CI and SVR except for patients with moderately elevated initial PADP, in whom SVR increased slightly in the early period of treatment, and CI decreased (by 25%; p less than 0.05). TMP and PTL reduced SVR (by 25 and 30% respectively; p less than 0.01) and increased CI irrespective of the initial PADP. TMP significantly decreased PADP in patients in whom its level was initially high. The results suggest that NTG is mainly a venodilating agent which should be used in patients with high PADP and normal or slightly decreased CI. PTL acts mainly by reducing SVR and increasing CI. TMP influences both PADP and SVR and is a drug of choice in patients with high or elevated PADP and low cardiac output.
Cor Vasa 1985
PMID:Vasodilator drugs in patients with chronic ischaemic heart failure. 393 74

A comparative analysis was carried out of 126 patients (group I) with chronic right bundle branch block (RBBB) and left anterior (LAFB) or left posterior fascicle block (LPFB), and of 44 patients (group II) with the same bifascicular block associated with an ECG pattern of incomplete left bundle branch block (ILBBB). The two groups were found to be clinically different. In group II, heart failure, arrhythmia and first-degree atrioventricular block occurred significantly more frequently. During a mean follow-up period of 1581 +/- 118 days (85-6260 days), complete heart block (CHB) developed in 3.2% of patients in group I and in 22.7% in group II (p less than 0.01). In the same period, sudden cardiac death (SCD) occurred in 3.9% in group I and in 15.9 in group II (p less than 0.01). These results were analysed assuming a quadrifascicular character of the intraventricular conduction system. This made it possible to isolate on the basis of standard ECG findings patients with trifascicular block (group II--RBBB and LAFB or LPFB and septal LBBB) in whom prophylactic pacemaker implantation should be considered in view of high risk of CHB and SCD.
Cor Vasa 1985
PMID:Clinical significance of the pattern of incomplete left bundle branch block with bifascicular block. 399 93

Heart rate (HR), blood pressure and systolic time intervals (STI), including total electromechanical systole (QS2), left ventricular ejection time (LVETc), pre-ejection period (PEPc), the PEP/LVET index and the time to the peak of carotid upstroke (Ut), were measured in 24 patients with moderate essential hypertension after 15 days of treatment with oral furosemide (F), hydrochlorothiazide (H), propranolol (P), atenolol (A), furosemide + propranolol (F + P) and hydrochlorothiazide + propranolol (H + P). Except F, all treatments significantly reduced blood pressure; maximal reductions were brought about by A and H + P. The heart rate was most reduced by A. THe QS2c interval was reduced only after F and H, LVETc was significantly reduced by H, A and H + P. Drug combinations prolonged PEPc, while the PEP/LVET index was increased only by H + P. Beta-blockers significantly prolonged the Ut. It is concluded that diuretics shorten QS2c mainly through reduction in blood volume. The H + P combination diminishes contractility and cardiac output and should not be employed in heart failure.
Cor Vasa 1983
PMID:Modification of blood pressure and systolic time intervals by diuretics and beta-blockers in essential hypertension. 613 68

Using equilibrium radionuclide ventriculography, the authors investigated left ventricular ejection fraction in 10 healthy men and in 57 men who had undergone their first transmural myocardial infarction (MI) 4 to 7 months earlier, were below 65 years of age and did not present signs of heart failure at the time of examination. Resting ejection fraction in healthy men amounted to 63 +/- 5%, in patients with uncomplicated MI to 54 +/- 7%, and in patients with clinical manifestations of heart failure in the acute phase to 37 +/- 8%. Patients with anteroseptal MI showed a negative correlation between the ejection fraction, on the one hand, and the sum of Q wave voltages in the precordial ECG map and the maximum value of serum creatine kinase in the acute phase of MI, on the other hand. The ejection fraction correlated with the degree of pulmonary hypertension during exercise. At work load of 50 W the ejection fraction measured in 31 patients was not significantly different shortly before discharge from hospital and 6 months after the onset of MI.
Cor Vasa 1983
PMID:Equilibrium radionuclide ventriculography in men after transmural myocardial infarction. 632 97

The acute effect of nifedipine (Adalat, Bayer) was evaluated in 54 men with a history of transmural myocardial infarction. Haemodynamic changes (in 20 patients) and/or changes in left ventricular radionuclide ejection fraction (LVREF) (41 patients) were studied. 20 to 30 min after sublingual administration of 1 Adalat capsule (10 mg nifedipine) a decrease in arterial pressure and systemic resistance, and an increase in heart rate and cardiac output were observed already at rest. During exercise (50 W) there moreover occurred a decrease in pulmonary artery pressure and in arterial oxygen tension. LVREF was pathologically reduced already at rest, and in most patients exercise led to its further decrease. LVEF increased after Adalat administration only during exercise. In men with a history of myocardial infarction without clinical manifestations of heart failure, Adalat acted predominantly as a peripheral vasodilator; a negative inotropic effect was not demonstrable. The decrease in arterial oxygen tension, observed during exercise, was not clinically important.
Cor Vasa 1984
PMID:Evaluation of the effect of nifedipine in men after myocardial infarction. 648 99

42 patients with isolated mitral valve defect were divided into two groups: without cardiac complications -- and with acute myogenic heart failure, after implantation of a mitral valve prosthesis. In the first postoperative hours, a decrease in cardiac output and pulmonary hypertension were observed in both groups. By the end of the 1st postoperative day, cardiac output reached in both groups the initial level, but in patients of group 2 only thanks to catecholamine administration. The poor functional state of the heart before surgery is consequently the main cause of the fact that surgical intervention is not immediately followed by normalization of haemodynamics. Acute heart failure occurs in the early postoperative period in patients with an extremely impaired left ventricular pump function and with depleted myocardial reserves. In these patients, special attention must be given during surgery to myocardial protection.
Cor Vasa 1984
PMID:Early haemodynamic effects of mitral valve prosthesis in patients with acquired heart disease. 648


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