Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018801 (heart failure)
 72,216 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Digoxin concentrations were studied in the blood serum of 128 patients with cardiac insufficiency of different etiology (acute myocardial infarction, postinfarction cardiosclerosis, mitral valve disease). Radioimmunoassay with standard kits was employed, the kits containing 125 I-labelled Digoxin. Mean concentrations of Digoxin were determined in the blood serum corresponding to different maintenance doses of the drug. It was found that signs of overdosage usually appear with concentrations exceeding 2.5 ng/ml. Disorders in the renal excretory function in patients with severe edematous syndrome help a prompt cumulation of Digoxin and the development of glucoside intoxication. Some patients demonstrated a reduced Digoxin tolerance in the acute period of their myocardial infarction. The advantages of the radioimmunoassay, especially in severely ill patients with cardiac pathology are emphasized.
Kardiologiia 1976 Dec
PMID:[Radioimmune method of determining the concentration of digoxin in the blood during treatment of patients with cardiac insufficiency]. 101 88

The clinical and pathological features of four patients with intractable heart failure, due to myxomatous change in the mitral valve, are described. It is suggested that this change may represent a response of ageing connective tissue to mechanical stress.
Thorax 1976 Dec
PMID:Symptomatic mitral myxomatous transformation in the elderly. 101 47

In 20 normal persons and in 57 patients with heart diseases with functional class I-IV (according to the classification of the New York Heart Association) the 24 hour urinary excretion of the catecholamines adrenaline, noradrenaline and dopamine and of the O2-methylated degradation products metanephrine and normetanephrine was determined. The 3 catecholamines and the 2 O-methylated derivatives were measured simultaneously using chromatographic extraction and purification (Bio-Rex 70) and selective flurometric determination. The following results could be obtained: 1. The urinary excretion of noradrenaline increased with increasing severity of the heart disease. 2. In patients with severe congestive heart failure (functional class IV) in addition the adrenaline excretion in addition the adrenaline excretion increased significantly. 3. There was no relationship between the urinary excretion of dopamine and the severity of the heart disease. 4. The ratio of noradrenaline excretion to dopamine excretion increased with increasing severity of the heart disease, indicating an increased activity of dopamine-mu-hydroxylation in patients with congestive heart failure. 5. The excretion of the O-methylated degradation products metanephrine and normetanephrine in normal persons and in patients with heart diseases paralleled the excretion of the corresponding catecholamines adrenaline and noradrenaline. This indicates, that increased excretion of noradrenaline and adrenaline (Class IV) in patients with heart failure was not due to impaired catecholamine-degradation but indead to increased catecholamine-release indicating increased sympatho-adrenergic activity. These results show in addition that also in patients with heart failure O-methylation represents still the main degradation step for the inactivation of the circulating catecholamines. 6. The relationship of toal excretion of 0-methylated derivates to total excretion of adrenaline and noradrenaline, however, decreased with increasing severity of heart disease, indicating a relative impairment of O-methylation under the condition of severe congestive heart failure.
Z Kardiol 1976 Dec
PMID:[Urinary excretion of the catecholamines adrenaline, noradrenaline and dopamine as well as the derivatives metanephrine and normetanephrine in heart disease patients]. 101 4

Low-output syndrome (LOS) was manifested after cardiopulmonary bypass in 33% of the patients undergoing mitral valve replacement in 12% of those submitted to aortic valve surgery, and in 16% of the patients on whom coronary artery bypass surgery was performed. It was also a frequent complication of multiple valve procedures, LOS was the commonest cause of hospital deaths after valve or coronary bypass surgery. The development and prognosis of LOS is dependent on several factors which may be related to the preoperative state, intraoperative events and postoperative treatment. Of these, one of the most important prognostic factors that emerged in this study was perfusion time. It was longest in the group of the 14 patients who died of myocardial failure on the operating table, shortest amongst the 28 patients who survived LOS, and of intermediate length for the 43 patients who died of LOS postoperatively. The differences between the groups were statistically significant. The mechanism of myocardial injury is reviewed. The incidence of various extracardiac complications increased during th postoperative course in proportion to the duration of LOS. Many of these complications resulted in a fatal outcome even when the patient was succesfully weaned from inotropic pharmacological support. There was more survivors in the group treated with dopamine than in the groups treated with isoproterenol or a combination of these drugs.
Ann Clin Res 1975 Dec
PMID:Low-output syndrome as a complication of open-heart surgery in 85 patients. 106 17

1. We investigated the haemodynamic effects of intravenously administered hydrallazine, diazoxide and nitroprusside and orally administered minoxidil to determine whether vasodilators (such as nitroprusside) which do not increase cardiac output might be better treatment for hypertensive complications associated with, or caused by, myocardial failure than those that do. 2. Hydrallazine and diazoxide caused increases in heart rate, cardiac output, cardiopulmonary blood volume, the ratio of cardiac output to cardiopulmonary volume, and pulmonary artery pressure. Nitroprusside, although decreasing pressure and vascular resistance, caused no significant change in the other functions except for reducing pulmonary artery pressure. Minoxidil, when given orally, had the potential for causing pulmonary hypertension. This seemed explained by increased flow (hyperdynamic type) in some but by congestive cardiac failure in others; the latter condition was probably intensified by the marked fluid retention that the drug can cause. 3. On the basis of these results a classification of vasodilators was constructed which depends on the presence or absence of a venodilating effect. Vasodilators which produce no (or little) venodilatation, increase heart rate, cardiac output, cardiopulmonary blood volume and pulmonary artery pressure. In this class are diazoxide, hydrallazine and minoxidil. Those that cause venodilatation do not stimulate the heart nor do they cause pulmonary hypertension. Nitroprusside and nitroglycerine are drugs of this type. 4. These results suggest that drugs producing both venodilatation and arteriolar dilatation may be more specific therapy for hypertensive complications associated with cardiac failure than those that cause only arteriolar dilatation.
Clin Sci Mol Med Suppl 1976 Dec
PMID:Vasodilating drugs: contrasting haemodynamic effects. 107 83

1. The chronic administration of minoxidil, 0-024-0-212 mmol (5-40 mg) daily, to fifty-two severely hypertensive patients resulted in an average reduction of mean arterial pressure from 170 to 111 mmHg. 2. Haemodynamic studies in twelve of these patients indicated that the rise in pulmonary arterial pressure in patients without heart failure appears to be a direct result of a disproportionately large increase in cardiac output with respect to a relatively small decrease in pulmonary vascular resistance. Anti-hypertensive treatment of patients with congestive heart failure resulted in a decrease in mean pulmonary arterial pressure.
Clin Sci Mol Med Suppl 1976 Dec
PMID:Treatment of severe hypertension with minoxidil and its effects on systemic and pulmonary haemodynamics. 107 85

1. We have evaluated the effectiveness and safety of minoxidil in moderately hypertensive out-patients. Eight patients were treated with hydrochlorothiazide and minoxidil for 5 months. The only female patient developed slight, reversible facial hair growth. In the other seven patients there was a moderate decrease in blood pressure. There were only minimal side-effects. Mild exertional tachycardia and a mean increase in body weight of 0-5 kg was found, but no oedema or signs of cardiac insufficiency were observed. No abnormalities were seen during routine blood tests. 2. This study shows that minoxidil combined with a diuretic may be successfully used in treating moderately hypertensive male patients.
Clin Sci Mol Med Suppl 1976 Dec
PMID:Clinical and haemodynamic study of minoxidil in moderately hypertensive patients. 107 86

1. This study includes 1038 patients (325 men and 713 women) who consulted the medical out-patient clinic, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, during the years 1932-38. All these patients had a blood pressure of 160/100 mmHg or 180 mmHg or more. 2. The average age at the first examination was 54 years; 97% were followed at intervals of 10 years until 1975, when sixty patients were still alive. Treatment was minimal until 1970. 3. Sixty percent of the men and 76% of the women reached an age of 65 years or more. Nine percent of the total patients lived to 85 years or more. Excess mortality was far higher in men than in women. 4. Causes of death were stroke in 17%, heart failure in 24%, coronary occlusion in 16%, uraemia in 4% and other diseases in 39%. At the first examination, thirteen cases of malignant hypertension were registered, none at later sessions.
Clin Sci Mol Med Suppl 1976 Dec
PMID:A 40 years' follow-up study of 1000 untreated hypertensive patients. 107 6

Through the Vietnam Vascular Registry which was established in 1966 at Walter Reed Army Medical Center, copies of medical records of 509 combat casualties with 558 arteriovenous fistulas and false aneurysms have been analyzed. This represents approximately 7 percent of the vascular injuries in American casualties from Southeast Asia, from 1963 to 1972, which are included in the Registry effort. Contributions of several hundred individuals are included in this documentation, however, more than one fourth of the patients, 149 or 29.3 percent, have been evaluated in our clinic. There were 296 false aneurysms and 262 arteriovenous fistulas. Multiple lesions occurred in 7.9 percent of the casualties. Fragment wounds accounted for 487 or 87.3 percent of the lesions with 85.5 percent in extremity vessels. Early recognition and definitive surgical treatment usually were accomplished: 52.8 percent within the first 30 days following injury. Ligation was either accepted or required in about 50 percent of the lesions. The mortality rate was 1.8 percent and the morbidity associated with the vascular injury was 6.3 percent. There were eight amputations for an amputation rate of 1.7 percent. Potential complications of heart failure, proximal arterial dilatation, and endocarditis were essentially absent.
Surgery 1975 Dec
PMID:Traumatic arteriovenous fistulas and false aneurysms: a review of 558 lesions. 118 24

Signs of heart failure due to cardiac tamponade developed in a young dog with previously unrecognized renal disease. The uremic syndrome was considered the likely cause of the effusive pericarditis found at necropsy. In a review of necropsy records from 150 dogs with renal disease, 11 had pericardial lesions.
J Am Vet Med Assoc 1975 Dec 15
PMID:Renal failure associated with pericardial effusion in a dog. 119 16


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