Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018801 (heart failure)
 72,216 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twenty-six cases of so-called "minute pulmonary chemodectoma" are presented. The patient population showed a marked female preponderance, and there appeared to be an association of the lesion with pulmonary injury from a variety of causes including cardiac failure, chronic bronchitis and emphysema, and thromboemboli. Half the cases had multiple tumors. Microscopically, the tumors consisted of nests of cells in the interstitial tissue near small veins. Argentaffin and argyrophil stains failed to demonstrate cytoplasmic granules in any case. By electron microscopy, the nests were composed of large cells with broadly interdigitating processes connected by many well-formed desmosomes. The cytoplasm was filled with numerous 60-A filaments. The Golgi apparatus was prominent, while other organelles were sparse. No secretory granules were identified. It is concluded that the fine structure and lack of silver-positive granules are inconsistent with the morphology of previously reported paragangliomas, but that there is a resemblance at the light and electron microscopic level to meningeal arachnoed cells and the cells of meningiomas.
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PMID:So-called "minute pulmonary chemodectoma": a tumor not related to paragangliomas. 17 76

Dopexamine hydrochloride is a synthetic catecholamine proposed for the short-term treatment of heart failure and postoperative low cardiac output. The pharmacological profile and anatomical localization of dopexamine binding were investigated in sections of right and left ventricle using [3H]-dopexamine and ligand techniques associated with light microscope autoradiography. Its effects on the 3-5-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) generating system in membrane particles of the human right or left ventricle were also studied. [3H]-Dopexamine was specifically bound to sections of human right or left ventricle. The binding was time-, temperature- and concentration-dependent and was dissociable. The apparent equilibrium constant of dissociation was 3.5 nM. A decreased [3H]-dopexamine binding capacity from the base to the apex and ventricles was noticeable. The pharmacological profile of [3H]-dopexamine binding to sections of right or left ventricle was consistent with the labelling of both beta 2-adrenoceptors and dopamine DA-2 receptors. The most potent displacer of [3H]-dopexamine was the beta 2-adrenoceptor antagonist ICI 118,551 followed by dopamine, noradrenaline and domperidone. The beta 1-adrenoceptor antagonist metoprolol or the dopamine DA-1 receptor antagonist SCH 23390 were ineffective as displacers of [3H]-dopexamine binding. Light microscope autoradiography revealed the localization of [3H]-dopexamine binding sites within the wall of the human right and left ventricle. The density of silver grains was slightly higher in the right than in the left ventricle and showed a uniform transmural distribution across the ventricular wall.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Dopexamine hydrochloride in the human heart: receptor binding and effects on cAMP generation. 136 32

High resolution two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-D PAGE) was applied to cultured neonatal rat heart muscle cells, incubated for 72 h at 37 degrees C in serum-free medium, either in the absence or in the presence of 0.1 microM norepinephrine. After silver staining, about 340 and 550 protein spots could be seen in cardiomyocytes, cultured either in the absence or presence of norepinephrine. Of these spots, 141 could be further characterized according to isoelectric point and molecular weight, with 71 protein spots being present under both conditions. In cells cultivated in presence of norepinephrine, 58 new protein spots appeared, whereas 12 spots disappeared, and 22 spots increased (whereas 3 spots decreased) in intensity. In comparison with 2-D PAGE of rat cardiomyocytes, the protein pattern of the intact heart of neonatal rats is incongruent. 2-D PAGE of polypeptides of cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes may be a suitable tool to study the regulation of protein synthesis by various stimuli with relevance to cardiac growth adaptation, inotropy and heart failure.
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PMID:Application of high resolution two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of polypeptides from cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes: regulation of protein synthesis by catecholamines. 145 7

Lyme borreliosis (LB) is a multisystem disorder that may cause self-limiting or chronic diseases of the skin, the nervous system, the joints, heart and other organs. The aetiological agent is the recently discovered Borrelia burgdorferi. In 1980, cardiac manifestations of LB were first described, including acute conduction disorders, atrioventricular block, transient left ventricular dysfunction and even cardiomegaly. Pathohistological examination showed spirochaetes in cases of acute perimyocarditis. Recently, we were able to cultivate Borrelia burgdorferi from the myocardium of a patient with long-standing dilated cardiomyopathy. In this study, we have examined 54 consecutive patients suffering from chronic heart failure for antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi. On ELISA, 32.7% were clearly seropositive. The endomyocardial biopsy of another patient also revealed spirochaetes in the myocardium by a modified Steiner's silver stain technique. These findings give further evidence that LB is associated with chronic heart muscle disease.
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PMID:Lyme borreliosis as a cause of myocarditis and heart muscle disease. 191 60

A comparative study of the myocyte nucleolar organizer activity (NOA) was performed on silver-stained myocardium from 6 patients who had died from the hypertension disease and 7 others patients with secondary renal hypertension non-complicated by severe coronary atherosclerosis and heart failure. In the first group, positive correlations between NOA of cardiac cells and the level of maximal diastolic pressure (r = 0.8, p less than 0.028), wall thickness of the left ventricle (r = 0.8, p less than 0.028) as well as myocardial weight (r = 1.0, p less than 0.001) were found. In the second group, on the contrary, there was a pronounced negative correlation between NOA of the myocytes and myocardial weight (r = -0.86, p less than 0.005) which may be explained partially by a primary metabolic myocardial deficiency in such patients.
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PMID:[Activity of the nucleolar organizers in cardiomyocytes of patients with arterial hypertension of varying genesis]. 280 43

A 74 year old man presented with signs and symptoms of mild cardiac failure. His face and chest were severely discoloured, which was thought to be due to cyanosis. He deteriorated and died of bronchopneumonia. At post mortem examination multiple organs, including the skin, showed silver pigment deposition; he also had a gastric malignant neuroendocrine tumour. He gave no history of contact with silver compounds. Systemic argyria caused by chronic ingestion of silver compounds is a rare condition which, apart from its cosmetic effects, is thought to be relatively harmless; it is not thought to be carcinogenic. This condition can pose diagnostic problems for both clinicians and pathologists.
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PMID:Systemic argyria. 806 42

Hypertrophy of cardiac myocytes is a primary response of the heart to overload, and is an independent predictor of heart failure and death. Distinct cellular phenotypes are associated with hypertrophy resulting from different causes. These phenotypes have been described by others at the molecular level by analysis of gene transcription patterns. An alternative approach is the analysis of large-scale protein expression patterns (the proteome) by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Realization of this goal requires the ability to rigorously analyze complex 2D gel images, efficiently digest individual gel isolated proteins (especially those expressed at low levels), and analyze the resulting peptides with high sensitivity for rapid database searches. We have undertaken to improve the technology and experimental approaches to these challenges in order to effectively study a cell culture model for cardiac hypertrophy. The 2D gel patterns for cell lysates from multiple samples of cardiac myocytes with or without phenylephrine-induced hypertrophy were analyzed and spots which changed in abundance with statistical significance were located. Eleven such spots were identified using improved procedures for in-gel digestion of silver-stained proteins and high-sensitivity mass spectrometry. The incorporation of low levels of sodium dodecyl sulfate into the digestion buffer improved peptide recovery. The combination of matrix-assisted laser desorption mass spectrometry for initial measurements and capillary liquid chromatography-ion trap mass spectrometry for peptide sequence determination yielded efficient protein identification. The integration of 2D gel image analysis and routine identification of proteins present in gels at the subpicomole level represents a general model for proteome studies relating genomic sequence with protein expression patterns.
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PMID:An integrated approach to proteome analysis: identification of proteins associated with cardiac hypertrophy. 952 42

A St. Jude Medical Silzone was implanted in a 72-year-old female, suffering from mitral valve disease. Four months later, the patient had acute cardiac failure due to partial detachment of the prosthetic valve. The mitral annulus was ulcerated and there were multiple erosions in the myocardial tissue in contact with the prosthetic valve. Histological examination revealed chronic inflammation with hemosiderine deposits and giant cells. No allergy to silver ions was found. The silver-coated sewing cuff had caused a chronic inflammatory reaction due to a toxic reaction to silver. The Silzone valve was withdrawn from the market on January 2000.
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PMID:Silver-coated prosthetic heart valve: a double-bladed weapon. 1134 65

Here, we demonstrate the application of the proteomic approach to the study of a transgenic mouse model of heart failure and provide an example of a disease-associated protein alteration that can be observed using this approach. Specifically, we applied the proteomic approach to the analysis of a mouse model of dilated cardiomyopathy in which the small GTPase, Rac1, was constitutively expressed specifically in the myocardium. We utilized the methods of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) for protein separation, silver-staining for protein visualization and mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF and MS/MS) for protein spot identification. Computer-generated composite images were created which represent a normalized average of four 2-DE gel images derived from analysis of either Rac1 transgenic (n = 4) or non-transgenic (n = 4) mice. Analysis of composite images derived from NTG and Rac1 experimental groups revealed numerous statistically significant differences in mean protein spot intensities. Here, we report a statistically significant increase, of approximately 1.6-fold, in the mean protein spot intensity for creatine kinase M-chain in the composite image of Rac1 transgenic mice compared to control. This protein alteration may be consistent with an end-stage heart failure phenotype in which maximal myocardial reserve is employed to sustain survival.
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PMID:Proteomic analysis of Rac1 transgenic mice displaying dilated cardiomyopathy reveals an increase in creatine kinase M-chain protein abundance. 1457 16

A novel electrochemical enzyme immunoassay system with a 10 ng L(-1) level detection limit was developed for the determination of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), an important marker for the diagnosis of heart failure. Sample BNP was added to a solution containing a certain concentration of acetylcholinesterase(AChE)-labeled anti-BNP antibody to undergo an immunological reaction. After the immunological reaction, we proposed two assay schemes. One involves measuring the amount of antibody-enzyme conjugate that reacted with two BNP molecules (reacted conjugate). The other involves measuring the amount of antibody-enzyme conjugate with at least one free binding site (unreacted conjugate). Then the amount of reacted or unreacted conjugate was determined by measuring the AChE activity after the recovery of each conjugate from the immunological reaction mixture. To determine the trace level of the recovered antibody-enzyme conjugate, the AChE activity was determined with high sensitivity on the basis of the chemisorption/electrochemical desorption process of thiocholine, which was produced through the enzymatic reaction, on a silver surface. The thiocholine chemisorption (i.e., accumulation) on the silver electrode surface resulted in a sensitivity for the electrochemical determination of the AChE activity that was 2 orders of magnitude greater than that obtained when using direct measurement without accumulation. The procedure for determining the AChE activity of unreacted conjugate after its recovery on a BNP-modified disk was applied to the determination of BNP in serum samples. This procedure involves the removal of the immunological reaction mixture before the enzymatic reaction process, which allows the AChE activity to be measured without any interference from endogenous pseudocholinesterase, which exists with high activity in serum. With both procedures, the BNP could be measured within an hour. The detection limits were 20 and 40 ng L(-1) using the reacted and unreacted conjugate measuring procedures, respectively.
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PMID:Electrochemical enzyme immunoassay of a peptide hormone at picomolar levels. 1598 32


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