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Query: UMLS:C0018801 (heart failure)
 72,216 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This study was designed to analyze the effects of carbocromene and dipyridamole on the haemodynamic and electrocardiographic side-effects resulting from imipramine infusion in anaesthetised rats and dogs. Imipramine was infused at 1 mg/kg/min until cardiac failure and vascular collapse terminated the experiment at 21 +/- 2.3 min in rats and at 29.5 +/- 2.1 min in dogs. This was characterized by hypotension, bradycardia, intraventricular conduction delay, cardiac tachyarrhythmia and A-V block. Carbocromene (4 mg/kg i.v., followed by 80 micrograms/kg/min) protected the animals against heart failure. This was associated with delayed hypotension and negative inotropy, and lower incidence of heart block. Survival time increased to 37 +/- 1.5 min (P less than 0.05), and 54.2 +/- 2.6 min (P less than 0.02) in rats and dogs, respectively. Dipyridamole (0.5 mg/kg i.v., followed by 80 micrograms/kg/min) failed to decrease imipramine toxicity as judged by the haemodynamic and electrocardiographic parameters and did not alter survival time of imipramine controls. These results suggest that carbocromene is an effective treatment for imipramine-induced cardiovascular collapse and cardiac arrhythmias, the beneficial effects being largely due to metabolic and membrane stabilizing effects. Carbocromene has both therapeutic and prophylactic value and appears to be superior to dipyridamole therapy.
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PMID:Treatment of haemodynamic and electrocardiographic side-effects resulting from imipramine toxicity in rats and dogs. 404 78

In the isolated canine heart-lung preparation modified to measure coronary outflow and myocardial oxygen consumption, an infusion of carbochromen of 1 mg/min produced an increase in coronary outflow of 120.0% and a decrease in myocardial oxygen consumption of 11.0% at a cumulative dose of 28.0 +/- 3.8 mg, resulting in an increase in efficiency of 22.4%. At a total dose of 40 mg, the corresponding figures were +181.0%, -15.0% and +38.0% respectively. No change in heart rate was observed. An infusion of propranolol of 1 mg/min, on the other hand, was characterized by decreases in myocardial contractility and heart rate starting with cumulative doses of 20 mg and 40 mg respectively. At a cumulative dose of 62.9 +/- 3.0 mg a marked degree of myocardial failure occurred (peak failure) characterized by a decrease in cardiac output (-53.3%), dp/dt (-50.8%), heart rate (-18.5%) and myocardial oxygen consumption (-25.5%). In a separate series exposed to the same infusion of propranolol but in which the decrease in heart rate was prevented by pacing, identical changes were observed except that myocardial oxygen consumption decreased only by 7.7%. It may be concluded from this study that carbochromen, in confirmation of reports by other investigators, increases coronary outflow markedly. Carbochromen decreases myocardial oxygen consumption by a direct effect on myocardial metabolism as is evident from the fact that this decrease is not accompanied by changes in any of the parameters which are known to influence myocardial oxygen consumption such as heart rate. Propranolol has no effect on myocardial oxygen consumption unless it is given in a dose which produces myocardial failure and a decrease in heart rate. The decrease in heart rate following propranolol bears a close relationship to the decrease in myocardial oxygen consumption.
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PMID:The cardiodynamic and metabolic effects of carbochromen and propranolol on the isolated dog heart. 745 33